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Topic: Abu Bakr (mansa)

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	Early African Empires and their Global Connections
		Mansa Musa annexed the cities of Gao and TIMBUKTU to MALI and greatly expanded the Empire.
		Mansa Musa was a Muslim; since most of his subjects were not, he allowed diverse religious practices to flourish during his reign.
		MANSA SULAYMAN: Ruler of Mali from 1336 to 1358 and MANSA MUSA's brother.
	www.globaled.org /nyworld/materials/african3.html (1627 words)

	Mansa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mansa is a Mandinka word meaning "king of kings." It is particularly associated with the Keita dynasty of the Mali Empire, which dominated West Africa in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.
		Powers of the mansa included the right to dispense justice and to monopolize trade, particularly in gold.
		Other notable mansas include his son Wali Keita and the powerful Kankan Musa I, whose hajj helped define a new direction for the Empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mansa (144 words)

	Abu Bakar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Abu Bakar, Abubakar, Abu Bakr or Abu Bekr are interchangeable transliterations of a common Arabic name.
		Abū Bakr Muhammad Ibn Zakarīya al-Rāzi (865-925), Persian philosopher and physician
		Yasin Abu Bakr, 21st century fl Muslim leader and terrorist suspect
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Abu_Bakar (201 words)

	Abu Bakr - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Abu Bakr was born in Mecca (Makkah), a Quraishi of the Banu Taim clan.
		Abu Bakr's assumption of power is an extremely controversial matter, and the source of the first schism in Islam, between Sunni and Shia Islam.
		Abu Bakr lies buried in the Masjid al Nabawi mosque in Medina, alongside Muhammad and Umar ibn al-Khattab.
	en.orangehedgehog.com /content/Abu_Bakr (1349 words)

	Mali Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The empire was founded by the king Sundiata Keita, and was famous for the generosity and wealth of one of his successors, Mansa Kankan Musa I, and for the fabled wealth of the city of Timbuktu.
		They were followed by Sundiata's grandson Abu Bakr and former general Sakura.
		Sundiata's grandnephew, Mansa Kankan Musa I or Musa I, ruled over the Mali Empire while it was the source of almost half the Old World's gold.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mali_Empire (823 words)

	Musa Mansa Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Mansa Musa (died 1337), king of the Mali empire in West Africa, is known mostly for his fabulous pilgrimage to Mecca and for his promotion of unity and prosperity within Mali.
		In that year he succeeded his father, Abu Bakr II, to the throne and thus gained the hereditary title of mansa.
		On his death in 1337 Musa was succeeded by his son, Mansa Maghan (reigned 1337-1341), who had ruled during Musa's visit to Mecca and Cairo.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/musa-mansa (467 words)

	Mansa Musa Summary
		Mansa Musa, emperor of Mali in West Africa, was the first African ruler to become widely known throughout Europe and the Middle East.
		Mansa Kankan Musa I or Mansa Musa or The Lion of Mali was a 14th century king of the Mali Empire.
		Mansa Musa was the grand-nephew of the founder of the Mali's Empire, Sundiata Keita, and ruled over Mali while it was the source of almost half the world's gold.
	www.bookrags.com /Mansa_Musa (3124 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Death of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Tahir; accession of Abu Mansur.
		Abu Muhammad dies in Spain and is succeeded by Al Mamun.
		In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Ghiasuddin Tughluq II, accession: of Abu Bakr Tughluq Shah.
	www.terrorismunveiled.com /athena/files/chronology_of_islam.txt (8750 words)

	Islamic History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Death of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Mansur; accession of Hasan Azam.
		Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abu Yaqub Yusuf, accession of Abu Yusuf Yaqub.
		Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abu Yusuf Yaqub; accession of Muhammad Nasir.
	www.sunnidawateislami.net /htm/IslamicHistory.htm (7038 words)

	Abu Bakr Siddiq - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Abu Bakr Siddiq
		Born Abd-al-Ka'aba, he adopted the name Abu Bakr (‘Father of the virgin’) about 618 when the prophet Muhammad married his daughter Ayesha.
		He was a close adviser to Muhammad in 622–32 and succeeded the prophet as political leader at his death.
		Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Yahya Ibn as-Say'igh Ibn Bajja
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Abu+Bakr+Siddiq (162 words)

	Islam in America
		The Muslim historian Chihab Addine Abul-Abbas Ahmad ben Fadhl Al-Umari (1300 - 1384 CE, 700 - 786 AH) described in detail the geographical explorations beyond the sea of fog and darkness of Male’s sultans in his famous book ‘Masaalik al-absaar fi Mamaalik al-amsaar (The Pathways of Sights in The Provinces of Kingdoms).
		Sultan Mansa Kankan Musa (1312 - 1337 CE) was the world renowned Mandinka monarch of the West African Islamic empire of Mali.
		As a matter of fact, Columbus had two captains of Muslim origin during his first transatlantic voyage: Martin Alonso Pinzon was the captain of the Pinta, and his brother Vicente Yanex Pinzon was the captain of the Nina.
	members.tripod.com /worldupdates/islamintheworld/id27.htm (1325 words)

	Islam Is Great Religion Part 3 - Religion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Abu Bakri II in his 'Roudh al Kartos' reported this voyage in which the explorers landed in the Gulf of Mexico and explored the American interior via Mississippi river.
		1312 Mansa Musa, ruler of Mali [1312-1337]; annexed Songhay.
		Abu Hallaj Yusuf II, ruler of Granada [1391-1392, poisoned], carried a pro-Castile policy and annoyed the ruler of Morocco.
	maxpages.com /umarkhan/islam_is_great_part_3 - !http://www.maxpages.com/umarkhan/islam_is_great_part_3 (2553 words)

	Mali encyclopedia : Cultural Information , Maps, Mali politics and officials, Mali History. Travel to Mali
		The Mali Empire was an Islamic Empire of the Mandinka, a Mandé people in West Africa, dating from the 14th to 16th centuries.
		The empire was founded by the king, or Mansa, Sundiata Keita, who was famous for the generosity and wealth of Mansa Kankan Musa I, and for the fabled wealth of the city of Timbuktu.
		Sundiata's grandnephew, Mansa Kankan Musa I or Musa I, ruled over the Mali Empire while it was the source of almost half the world's gold.
	www.maliiworld.com /wiki-Empire_of_Mali (751 words)

	africanfront.com (AUF)
		Abu Bakr's court has close relations with Granada and Portugal, as well as the rest of Africa.
		Mansa Musa's caravan consisted of eight thousand soldiers, courtiers and servants - some say as many as 60,000 - drove 15,000 camels laden with gold, perfume, salt and stores of food in a procession of unrivaled size.
		Mansa Musa brought Abu Ishaq, a Muslim poet, lawyer and notary from Granada, back to Mali with him from Mecca.
	www.africanfront.com /calendarcontd2.php?printable=1 (1419 words)

	Uzer.Aur-Jee? -- 1245-1371 CE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Mongols are defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt, and the spell of the invincibility of the Mongols is broken.
		In the Marinids empire, Assassination of the Marinid Sultan Abu Yaqub Yusuf; accession of Abu Thabit.
		In Granada, Assassination of Abu Hallaj Yusuf, succession of his son Muhammad V. In the Jalayar empire, Death of Hasan Buzurg, succession of his son Owaia.
	www.uzer.org /timeline/1245-1371.html (1895 words)

	Western and Central Sudan, 1000-1400 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1324–25, the ruler Mansa Musa brings the wealth of the Mali empire to the attention of Europe, North Africa, and Arabia when he completes a pilgrimage to Mecca.
		Mansa Kankan Musa I becomes emperor of Mali, guiding the empire through its most prosperous years, enhancing trade, expanding borders, and sponsoring mosques.
		Although Mansa Musa is deceased by this time, the empire is still vigorous.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/07/sfw/ht07sfw.htm (876 words)

	Media Guide to Islam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s friend and father-in-law, becomes the first caliph, or supreme temporal leader, successor to Muhammad.
		Abu Bakr is chosen by vote of the council of the elders (Sunnites).
		Led by Persian Abu Muslim, the Abbasids, a mixture of non-Arabic Muslims and Shiites, begin to revolt against the Umayyad Dynasty.
	mediaguidetoislam.sfsu.edu /intheworld/01_timeline.htm (2997 words)

	[No title]
		Abu Musa al An`sari reports, 'There was revealed a sura the like of Baqara, but it was later withdrawn.' He recalled of it, 'God will assist this polity with peoples who have no share in the Hereafter.
		Abu Musa said, 'We used to recite surat al Ahzab, likening it for length and severity with Bara'a.
		The Qadi Abu Bakr said, 'It is not soundly reported from `Abdullah that these three chapters are not part of the Qur'an.
	www.answering-islam.org /Quran/Collection/chap5.html (8264 words)

	Islamic history
		1163: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abul Mumin, accession of Abu Yaqub Yusuf.
		1185: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abu Yaqub Yusuf, accession of Abu Yusuf Yaqub.
		1259: Abu Abdullah the Hafsid ruler declares himself as the Caliph and assumes the name of AI Mustamir.
	muslimworld.8k.com /hi.htm (8755 words)

	Islamic Chronology: Part 1
		Death of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Tahir; accession of Abu
		Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abu Yusuf Yaqub;
		The Mongols are defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt, and the spell of the invincibility of the
	www.usislam.org /islam/islamchronology.htm (8663 words)

	TIMBUKTU - Discover the Ancient Manuscripts of Timbuktu, Mali - Legacy of Scholars like Ahmed Baba, Muhammad Bagayogo ...
		As a result of its unique geographical position, Timbuktu has been a natural meeting point of Songhai, Wangara, Fulani, Tuareg, and Arabs...
		Among the notable historical leaders are Mansa Musa, Abu Bakr, Askia Muhammad, Sonni Ali Ber...(
		Resurrect to its rightful place the important contributions of Early African Scholars in the annals of world history...
	www.timbuktufoundation.org (565 words)

	Ummah.com - View Single Post - Muslims were in Americas long before the birth of Colombus
		There is, however, evidence that Muslims or persons believed to be Muslims visited North America in the pre-Colombian past.1 In 1312 Mansa Abu Bakr of Mali is believed to have traveled from the Senegambian region of the African coast to the Gulf of Mexico.
		In 1324 CE, the ruler of Mali, Mansa Musa was en route to Makkah when he informed the Governor of Cairo that his predecessor had taken two voyages into the Atlantic Ocean to discover what lay beyond.
		According to scholars such as Dr. Abdullah Hakim Quick, Sultan Abu Bakr II of Mali isbelieved to have traveled in 1312 CE from the Senegambian region of Western Africa to the Gulf ofMexico.
	www.ummah.net /forum/showpost.php?p=582944&postcount=7 (3183 words)

	Islam in Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Mansa Musa had brought Muslim scholars from Makkah to teach in Mali's learning centers.
		By the time Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) began his mission, the Egyptians and Syrians had partially severed their active link with the Roman Empire.
		[9]" When Abu Bakr [ra] died, his mission was taken over by Omar [Umar ibn Al-Khattab, ra], the second Caliph of Islam (634-644).
	islamic-world.net /islamic-state/islam_in_africa.htm (2383 words)

	Not quite Venus from the waves (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		She is certainly an adherent of the conquest hypothesis, but in her view this is evidently not a destructive affair, nor does it seem explicitly linked with the conversion of Ghana.
		«Abu Bakr carried the vengeance of Audoghast to the gates of Ghana, and, overthrowing the reigning fl dynasty, placed a Berber on the throne.
		Abu Texifien seems to be a fictitious character, which embraces all the Almoravid leaders who lived before Yusuf.
	www.uta.fi /~hipema/Venus.htm (11991 words)

	spiinseerve's Xanga Site
		Abu Bakr - a close friend of Muhammad who was appointed the first caliph by the prophet's advisors; led campaigns to dilute the Bedouin tribes who renounced Islam
		The Shia supported Ali over Abu Bakr, because they believed that the caliph should be a descendant of Muhammad.
		Mansa Musa- Sundiata's grand-nephew who ruled the Mali empire at its high point.
	www.xanga.com /spiinseerve (6891 words)

	IslamonLine.net
		We also have the story obtained from Al-Umari from the middle period who reported the story of Mansa Musa, who went to Meccah in 1324 C.E..
		He told the story of his predicessor Mansa Abu Bakr II, who had traveled across the Atlantic with many boats.
		This story brings mention that contact was made with the Native Americans at that time.
	www.islamonline.net /livedialogue/english/Browse.asp?hGuestID=614IXO (865 words)

	Black People who Changed the World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		She was the first Pharoah to open trade routes with East Africa (in particular the early kingdom of Punt), and restored much of Egypt’s early architectural heritage, including the great mortuary at Deir al-Bahri.
		The third (and favourite) wife of the Prophet Muhammed, A’ishah was the daughter of Abu Bakr (one of Muhammed’s closest advisors and the first caliph of Islam for a year after his death).
		She appears to have been highly educated, particularly in Islamic philosophy: Muhammed said in the last years of his life that his followers should learn ‘half their religion’ from her, and is reputed to have received revelation while resting his head on her lap.
	www.nead.org.uk /bhm/campaignersrulerspoliticians.html (3567 words)

	Bantaba in Cyberspace - Monarchies of Africa
		They were followed by Sundiata's grandson Abu Bakr and former slave turned general SakuraSabakura
		Abu Bakr (1275-1285).He was so weak that one of his slaves took power from him.
		Sakura Sabakura(a slave of the household took power and became a very successiful king)from(1285-1300)
	www.gambia.dk /forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=503 (1384 words)

	Pre-Columbian Muslims in the Americas
		There is, however, evidence that Muslims or persons believed to be Muslims visited North America in the pre-Colombian past.
		In 1312 Mansa Abu Bakr of Mali is believed to have traveled from the Senegambian region of the African coast to the Gulf of Mexico.
		This account captured the attention of distinguished scholars such as Basil Davidson of Britain and others in Africa, America and Europe.
	www.islamamerica.org /precolumbian.cfm (485 words)

	Timeline Saudi Arabia
		634 Aug 22, Abu Bekr Abd Allah (61), [al-Siddik], successor of Mohammed, died.
		661 Jan 24, Ali ibn Abu Talib, caliph of Islam (656-61), was murdered.
		Haj, who also uses the name Abu Hazim al-Sha'ir, was the "most dangerous" al-Qaida operative in the region.
	timelines.ws /countries/SAUDIARABIA.HTML (10671 words)

	Table of contents for Library of Congress control number 2003023640 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Contents may have variations from the printed book or be incomplete or contain other coding.
		Abrams Muhas Richard Abrams Peter Abramson Dolores Abrboza Anthony Abron- Robinson Lillia Ann Abu Abrahim (Ibrahim) Abu-Bakr al Saddiq Abu- Jamal Mumia Abubadik a Mwlina Imiri Ace Johnny Achebe Chinua Acker Daniel R. Adair Robert A. Adair Roman T. Adair Thelma Cornelia Adams Charles G.
		Muse Lewis Anderson "Rabbit" Mussa Mansa K. Mutima Ajamu Mutlaq Al Hakim Myers Stephen Myers Isaac Myers James Andrew Myers Amina Claudine Myers George A. Myers William F. Myers Cyrus Myers Nathaniel B.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/toc/ecip0410/2003023640.html (10040 words)

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