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Topic: Abyssal plain

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	Abyssal Plain: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The abyssal plain and abyssal hills 37...deep-ocean section in the Sohm abyssal plain south of Newfoundland; the sea...distinguished.
		...begins with a discussion on the abyssal plain, one of the deepest parts of oceans...of three to six kilometers, the abyssal plain is one of the deepest parts of...Significance.
		Instead of the predicted abyssal plain, marine geologists were shocked to discover startling...the face of the Earth was the previously unsuspected abyssal hill.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/abyssal-plain.jsp?l=A&p=1 (942 words)

	seafloor features text
		The Atlantic Ocean is the youngest of the three and is dominated by a central oceanic ridge and by abyssal plains of fine sediment.
		abyssal plain occurs when the hilly sea floor has been covered by a thick fill of sediments, which were deposited by turbidity currents.
		On the surface of the plain, the pelagic sediments are interbedded with a dominating sequence of sands, silts, and clays of terrigenous origin that can be identified as turbidites by displaced benthic fauna and sediment patterns characteristic of turbidites.
	geology.uprm.edu /Morelock/GEOLOCN_/seafloor.htm (962 words)

	Abyssal plain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Abyssal plains are flat or very gently sloping areas of the deep ocean basin floor.
		This new oceanic crust is mostly basalt and has a rugged topography.
		Much of this sediment is deposited from turbidity currents that have been channeled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Abyssal_plain (411 words)

	Abyssal Plain - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Abyssal Plain - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		These plains, which generally extend from the continental rise to the mid-oceanic ridges, are...
		Pole Abyssal Plain, deepest part of the Arctic Ocean, with a maximum depth of 5,450 m (17,880 ft), situated directly beneath the geographical...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Abyssal_Plain.html (136 words)

	UCMP Glossary: Geology
		abyssal plain -- The ocean floor offshore from the continental margin, usually very flat with a slight slope.
		The ocean floor from the shore of continents to the abyssal plain.
		Part of the continental margin; the ocean floor from the continental slope to the abyssal plain.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /glossary/gloss2geol.html (3545 words)

	Eastward Flow Through the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 11oN and Its Influence on the Abyss of the Eastern Basin
		We argue below that the Vema influence determines the abyssal water mass characteristics of the northeastern Atlantic Basins north of the Sierra Leone Rise (the Gambia Abyssal Plain, the South Canary Basin, and the North Canary Basin), and that the influence of Romanche waters on these basins is slight (Figure 2A).
		The eastward spread through the Gambia Abyssal Plain of Vema cold water is shown to be strikingly narrow and zonal by the 1.70 to 1.76 C contours.
		Negligible Gap throughflow implies that the eastern Gambia Abyssal Plain is effectively a cul-de-sac between the sill temperature, 1.89 C and the 2.0 C isotherm.
	bicn.com /wei/resources/McCartneyBennettWoodgateJones1990.html (8564 words)

	World Builders Ocean Abyssal Plain
		To a surface dweller the abyssal plain is an intimidating environment.
		The life forms on the abyssal plain are dependent on the life forms living in the light far above them.
		The animals that live on the abyssal plain are well adapted to their environment.
	curriculum.calstatela.edu /courses/builders/lessons/less/les5/abyss.html (920 words)

	Hannides and Smith (2003)
		Abyssal plains occupy approximately two-thirds of the global sea floor, or two-fifths of the total surface of the earth.
		For the purposes of this review, we define the northeastern Pacific abyssal plain (NEPAP) as the oceanic region north of the equator and east of 180 o W with waters deeper than 4000 m and slope angles less than 0.001 (Seibold and Berger, 1996).
		Although some recent authors consider the abyssal region in the world oceans to extend, ecologically speaking, from approximately 2000 to 6000 m depth (Gage and Tyler, 1991), the continental slope and rise in the northeast Pacific (which reach ~4000 m) are ecologically distinct from the general abyssal plain.
	www.soest.hawaii.edu /hannides/publications/Hannides_and_Smith.html (734 words)

	Exercises in Oceanography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The transition between continents and ocean occurs between the continental rise and the abyssal plain.
		The ocean floor is structured into mid-ocean ridges and abyssal plains.
		Seamounts or abyssal hills are isolated features on the abyssal plain that rise above 1000 m below the sea surface.
	www.es.flinders.edu.au /~mattom/IntExerc/basic2/quest01.html (270 words)

	Amateur Geologist Structured Geological Glossary: The Ocean
		The oceanic crust is mostly basalt, undeformed, and, due to plate tectonics, younger than 150 million years old.The major features of the ocean floor are oceanic ridge, abyssal floor, seamount, trenches and continental margin.
		They exist seaward of the abyssal plain where they become covered by sediment.
		It consists of the abyssal plain and the abyssal hill.
	www.amateurgeologist.com /content/glossary/ocean/ocean.html (1275 words)

	Department of Geological & Atmospheric Sciences
		abyssal plain Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.
		continental rise The portion of the continental margin that lies between the abyssal plain and the continental slope.
		A "delta plain" is the upper surface of a delta.
	www.ge-at.iastate.edu /courses/Geol_100/old_files/glossary.v2.html (14105 words)

	SCIENTIFIC RESULTS 157, table of contents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Seismic facies of the Madeira Abyssal Plain: a correlation between seismic reflection profile and borehole data, pp.
		Oxic vs. anoxic diagenetic alteration of turbiditic sediments in the Madeira Abyssal Plain,
		High-resolution silica pore-water profiles in sediments of the Madeira Abyssal Plain, eastern North Atlantic, pp.
	www-odp.tamu.edu /publications/157_SR/157TOC.HTM (874 words)

	ICTE-Trabalhos On-Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This abyssal plain is still a misfit on most Pangea reconstruction.
		To the east side, the nature of the crust is still a matter of discussion, mainly due to the lack of observations.
		It seams that material with velocity of 7.6 km/s is widely spread under the Tagus Abyssal Plain.
	correio.cc.fc.ul.pt /~icte/crustalp.htm (592 words)

	ISE'97 - 1995 NSF Proposal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Well-constrained plate reconstructions show that the Galicia Bank segment of the Iberia Margin rifted from the Flemish Cap segment of the Newfoundland margin and the Iberia Abyssal Plain (IAP) segment of the Iberia margin rifted from the northern Newfoundland basin segment of the Newfoundland margin (Srivastava et al., 1990).
		Prior to drilling Leg 149, the Iberia Abyssal Plain (IAP) segment was thought to be grossly similar to the GB segment.
		Sawyer, D.S., 1994, The case for slow-spreading oceanic crust landward of the Peridotite Ridge in the Iberia Abyssal Plain, EOS, Trans.
	zephyr.rice.edu /iberiaweb/publications/pages/nsf97.html (6758 words)

	THE TALE OF THE LATE PLEISTOCENE SILVER ABYSSAL PLAIN TURBIDITE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In February 1977, bad weather in the area of the Hatteras Abyssal Plain forced cruise E-3-77 of the R/V Eastward southward to collect piston cores from the Silver Abyssal Plain and the margins of the Caicos Outer Ridge.
		This turbidite, nicknamed the “Silver Turbidite,” is over 1.5 m thick along the southwestern limb of the Silver Abyssal Plain and thins gradually to less than 1 m toward the outer margins of the basin.
		The turbidity current was flowing at a velocity of ~3 m/sec as it began to move across the Silver Abyssal Plain floor according to estimates based on the fall velocities of the fastest settling particles deposited from suspension.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_60311.htm (401 words)

	ch12_Ocean Depth & Floor
		The slope and rise mark the transition from the relatively shallow shelf to the second depth level, the deep ocean floor known as the abyssal plain.
		The rise is that section of the slope that has been a site of sediment accumulation, resulting in an decrease in slope gradient toward the abyssal plain.
		The plains are covered by layers of sediment precipitated in the oceans and are dotted with submarine volcanoes (seamounts).
	www.mhhe.com /earthsci/geology/mcconnell/oceans/ofloor.htm (779 words)

	Unit2
		The continental margin is itself comprised of the shelf, slope and rise.
		The deepest part of the ocean depicted above is the abyssal plain.
		This is a flat, almost featureless, part of the sea floor that has become mantled with a sediment cover so that the bottom irregularities have been almost covered.
	www.utdallas.edu /~pujana/northbasin.html (320 words)

	Ocean Regions: Ocean Floor - Deep Ocean Basin
		The deep ocean basin, which is about 2.5 to 3.5 miles deep, covers 30 % of Earth's surface and has features, such as abyssal plains, deep-sea trenches and seamounts.
		The abyssal plain is the flat, deep ocean floor.
		It is almost featureless because a thick layer of sediment covers the hills and valleys of the ocean floor below it.
	www.onr.navy.mil /focus/ocean/regions/oceanfloor5.htm (137 words)

	Evans, 2001
		In this province of offshore Angola it can be demonstrated also that the Cretaceous and early Tertiary on the abyssal plain shows little or no seismic evidence of sand deposition.
		The abyssal plain is at first sight the ultimate location for the ‘subtle’ (i.e.
		The models generated on the abyssal plain can be applied in the far more heavily structured salt diapir province, to provide an understanding of the channel and fan systems in this area.
	www.gcssepm.org /pubs/2001_ab_12.htm (344 words)

	Abyssal Plain
		I approached Abyssal Plain as an homage to the ocean.
		Think of it as an experimental soundscape not unlike a classical composer (just not nearly as good), a modern tone poem full of ups and downs.
		Instead, Abyssal Plain is blurred and abstract like the sea.
	www.yonaites.com /Heath/abyssalplain.html (216 words)

	Deepwater Sediments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The majority of modern deepwater system sediments collect in bathyal water depths (200 - 2000 meters) on the outer margin of the continental shelf, down the continental slope and often to its base on the continental rise flanking the abyssal plain, and also on this plain (2,000 to 6,000 meters) itself.
		The term "deep-water" refers to bathyal water-depth (>200 m) seaward of continental shelf break on the slope, and basin where sediment-gravity processes "slides, slumps, debris flows, and turbidity currents), and bottom currents are dominant depositional mechanisms.
		These cohesive and non-cohesive end members collect as deepwater fans and other mass movement sediment bodies at the base of the breaks in slope on the sea floor.
	strata.geol.sc.edu /terminology/deepWaterSediments.html (439 words)

	OEDILF - Word Lookup
		Abyssal depths are between 2000 and 5000 meters; a fathom is equal to six feet.
		the continental slope), while abyssal (uh-BISS-ul) refers to the ocean depth or floor from about 3,000 to 6,000 meters deep.
		The information on this page may not be reproduced in any form without written permission by the.
	www.oedilf.com /db/Lim.php?Word=abyssal (145 words)

	Abyssal zone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The abyssal zone is the pelagic zone that contains the very deep benthic communities near the bottom of oceans.
		These regions are also characterized by continuous cold and lack of nutrients.
		The area below the abyssal zone is the hadal zone and hardly any living creatures inhabit it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Abyssal_zone (213 words)

	COAST - Deep Ocean Basins - Abyssal Hills & Plains - Nares Abyssal Plain
		Abyssal Hills & Plains - Nares Abyssal Plain
		North of Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rico Trench is the Nares Abyssal Plain.
		This expanse of sea floor is dotted with abyssal hills
	www.coast-nopp.org /visualization_modules/physical_chemical/basin_coastal_morphology/principal_features/deep_ocean/abyssal_hills/abyssal.html (46 words)

	Abyssal - abyssal zone
		Abyssal plains are the vast, flat, sediment-covered areas of the deep ocean These flat abyssal plains occur at depths of over 6500 ft (1980 m) below sea
		The abyssal plain and abyssal hills 37deep-ocean section in the Sohm abyssal plain The area of deep abyssal plain has been getting gradually smaller.
		Prev Term: abyssal plains Next Term: academic institutions.
	listlookup.com /?q=abyssal (210 words)

	geography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		About of 450 feet of water covers the plain at its outer edge.
		The Abyssal Plain is the flat area of the sea floor.
		It is covered by a layer of mud, sand, and animal remains that drifted down from upper levels over millions of years.
	nhs.needham.k12.ma.us /cur/N/N8/geography.html (249 words)

	abyssal zones - Storming Media
		Abyssal Seafloor Waste Isolation: Environmental Report Date: SEP 95
		Quantitative Analysis of Abyssal Hills in the Atlantic Ocean: A correlation Between Axis Mantle Temperature and Extensional Faulting Date: 26 NOV 93
		Bottom Reflection Loss in an Area in the Hatteras Abyssal Plain Date: OCT 1965
	www.stormingmedia.us /keywords/abyssal_zones.html (247 words)

	NGDC/WDC for MGG Seafloor Series Volume 2-Core data from the ODP legs 101-129
		Sedimentation was relatively high (1.5-4 cm/k.y.) during the early oceanic-subsidence phase but decreased by a factor of 2 in the post-Aptian, reflected in a change from deposition of terrigenous material at river deltas to open-ocean blanket deposition.
		A major hiatus occurred at the end of the early Eocene, signifying the onset of vigorous deep-water circulation, owing to the formation of Antarctic deep water that eroded the abyssal seafloor.
		In mid-Tertiary time, several factors combined to rapidly increase abyssal sedimentation in the Argo region by a factor of 2-6.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /mgg/geology/odp/data/123/odp123.htm (832 words)

	PHY's BATHYAL & ABYSSAL MOLLUSCA, ARTHROPODA
		Most bivalve species are filter feeders, but some abyssal ones such as the longneck Cuspidarids (below) are carnivorous.
		The latter are tiny in shallow waters, seldom seen; but the deep sea spiders are often huge.
		They stride over the abyssal mud with their long legs, using a proboscis to suck tissues from sessile prey such as anemones
	people.whitman.edu /~yancey/mollusc.html (617 words)

	Spatial variability of deep-ocean motions above an abyssal plain
		Near-bottom current observations are discussed from an array of moorings separated by 8–40 km horizontally in the Madeira abyssal plain, North Atlantic Ocean.
		The area is topographically smooth, but observed currents varied strongly over short distances.
		Citation: van Haren, H. Spatial variability of deep-ocean motions above an abyssal plain, J.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2004/2004JC002558.shtml (324 words)

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