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Topic: Abzyme

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	Facts about abzyme
		An abzyme (from antibody and enzyme), also called catmab (from catalytic monoclonal antibody), is a monoclonal antibody with catalytic activity.
		Abzymes are usually artificial constructs, but are also found in normal humans (anti-vasoactive intestinal peptide autoantibodies) and in patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus, where they can bind and hydrolize DNA.
		Abzymes are a potential tool in biotechnology, e.g., to perform specific actions on DNA.
	www.supercrawler.com /Facts/abzyme.html (0 words)

	Abzyme
		An abzyme (from antibody and enzyme), also called catmab (from catalytic monoclonal antibody), is a monoclonal antibody[?] with catalytic activity.
		Abzymes are usually artificial constructs, but are also found in normal humans (anti-vasoactive intestinal peptide autoantibodies) and in patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus, where they can bind and hydrolize DNA.
		Abzymes are a potential tool in biotechnology, e.g., to perform specific actions on DNA.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ab/Abzyme.html (67 words)

	intas 96-1386 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Thus, the improved methods for the tailored abzyme generation are still sought, and the nature of the processes that lead to the spontaneous emergence of the antibody catalysts remains to be investigated.
		To isolate naturally occurring abzymes in the serum of patients with auto-immune diseases, two efficient methods using magnetic beads were developed that allow to screen directly for binding and for DNA-hydrolysing and protease activities.
		The induction of autoimmune diseases in MRL/lpr and SJL mice was used to rise the epitope-specific abzymes.
	www.intas.be /catalog/961-1386.htm (855 words)

	Concepts in Biochemistry - Cutting Edge
		Abzymes have been implicated for use in the detoxification of cocaine.
		As a pharmaceutical reagent, anti-cocaine abzymes could treat patients who are addicted to cocaine, or reverse the lethal effects of a cocaine overdose.
		In the case of abzymes, scientists have envisioned antibodies with two distinct antigen binding sites (Figure 4): one site binds with high affinity to a tumor cell antigen, while the second site catalyzes the cleavage of a prodrug.
	www.wiley.com /legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/cutting_edge/catalytic_ab/catalytic_ab.htm (1299 words)

	Abzyme (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Molecules which are modified to gain new catalytic activity are called synzymes.
		Abzymes are usually artificial constructs, but are also found in normal humans (anti-vasoactive intestinal peptide autoantibodies) and in patients with the autoimmune disease systemic Lupus erythematosus, where they can bind and hydrolyze DNA.
		It is licensed under the GNU free documentation license.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/ab/Abzyme.htm (165 words)

	Steatosis-modulating factors and uses thereof - Patent 20030181407
		A compound according to claim 52, wherein said agonist of MSMF is a recombinant MSMF, a precursor of MSMF, a non-mature MSMF, an analog of MSMF, a purified MSMF, or a physiologically active fragment of a MSMF.
		Abzymes are defined as antibodies directed against appropriate transition state analogues that can catalyse a variety of chemical transformations and metabolic reactions.
		Thus a humanized catalytic antibody (abzyme) could be prepared which replaces an enzyme and thus leads to a treatment system that combines both specificity and low immunogenicity.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /20030181407.html (11028 words)

	Overpassing an aberrant V{kappa} gene to sequence an anti-idiotypic abzyme with {beta}-lactamase-like activity that ...
		Overpassing an aberrant V{kappa} gene to sequence an anti-idiotypic abzyme with {beta}-lactamase-like activity that could have a linkage with autoimmune diseases -- DÉBAT et al.
		gene to sequence an anti-idiotypic abzyme with ß-lactamase-like activity that could have a linkage with autoimmune diseases
		this abzyme, the variable regions of kappa and heavy chain were
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/abstract/15/3/815 (0 words)

	Abzymes: Catalytic Antibodies
		These catalytic antibodies, or abzymes, are selected from monoclonal antibodies generated by immunizing mice with haptens that mimic the transition states of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
		Analysis of abzyme 28B4 without bound hapten reveals a slightly altered hapten binding site conformation, suggesting that the induced-fit model of enzyme-substrate binding is a feature of the abzyme's catalytic mechanism.
		The germline sequences of the heavy chain gene segments indicate that this particular asparagine residue arose as the result of somatic mutation of the heavy chain gene during affinity maturation of hapten-specific B lymphocytes.
	tutor.lscf.ucsb.edu /instdev/sears/immunology/chapter04/catab.htm (496 words)

	Scott Taylor Lab at the University of Waterloo - Research Interests (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The most common means of obtaining abzymes is by raising antibodies against an organic compound, a so-called transition state analogue (TSA), that mimics the transition state of a chemical reaction.
		By raising antibodies to a phosphoramidate TSA 1, we obtained the first abzyme that is capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of an N-methyl carbamate, a highly challenging reaction for an abzyme (J.
		Our long term objectives are to develop bispecific abzymes that are capable of attaching themselves specifically to cancer cells and catalyzing the conversion of non-toxic prodrugs into cytotoxic anticancer agents.
	www.science.uwaterloo.ca /~s5taylor/research/research.html (608 words)

	abzyme - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about abzyme (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In biotechnology, an artificially created antibody that can be used like an enzyme to accelerate reactions.
		Dismissing the claims of a few scientists, Lerner for years answered that there was no compelling evidence to support the existence of natural abzymes.
		To date, abzyme research largely has been limited to reactions that occur in aqueous solutions.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Abzyme (118 words)

	Full Article
		This limitation, which occurs for binding antibodies, does not occur in the case of abzymes as far as the antigen cleavage is discussed earlier to result in multiple consequences concerned with immune response activation and conformational reorganization of the protein.
		At the same time, the modification of abzyme by mechanism-dependent inhibitor was demonstrated in the latter case by a direct method, mass-spectrometric analysis of the modified part of the antibody.
		The values of Michaelis constants for the abzyme and enzyme are comparable in spite of significant difference of catalytic constants (Table 2).
	protein.bio.msu.ru /biokhimiya/contents/v67/full/67101413.html (7100 words)

	Weapons of Tumor Mass Destruction
		Barbas and colleagues developed an abzyme (38C2) that was able to perform both retro-aldol (1) and retro-Michael (2) reactions in the catalysis of the anti cancer drug camptothecin from its prodrug; a spontaneous lactamization (3) also occurs.
		Unlike previous reports that described abzymes capable of activating prodrugs structurally similar to the TSA or the drug itself, Taylor’s work is focused on developing antibodies that are capable of activating a number of structurally different prodrugs (Figure 2).
		In this study, the carbamate and ester prodrugs were readily unmasked by abzyme 38C2 (but not by human endogenous enzymes) and converted into their cytotoxic parent compounds.
	pubs.acs.org /subscribe/journals/tcaw/10/i01/html/01johnston.html (2155 words)

	abzyme - OneLook Dictionary Search
		abzyme (pl. abzymes) : Science and Biotechnology [home, info]
		Abzyme : Drug Discovery and Development [home, info]
		Abzyme : AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=abzyme (0 words)

	Industrial applications
		The first antibody to be commercialized is the abzyme with an aldolase activity developed in the Lerner's group and sold by Aldrich Chemical Group.
		The use of abzymes at industrial scale for specific synthesis of molecules is still at the laboratory step, even if some firms like Novartis (Switzerland) or Bristol-Myer Squibb (USA) have shown their interest for using the aldolase abzyme, produced in the Lerner's group, for synthesis of Epothilone A, a new anti-cancer compound.
		By targeting this activity in the vicinity to tumor cells, prodrugs could be transformed into cytotoxic compounds directly on tumor cells.
	www.utc.fr /~friboule/page/industra.htm (281 words)

	Milk, Blood of Pregnant, Lactating Women have Abzymes; Normal Men, Women don't
		Relative blood abzyme activities significantly increased after delivery and at the beginning of lactation.
		"The highest abzyme activity was observed in blood of parturient women.
		Although the dynamics of changes in antibody DNase activity during pregnancy was rather individual for each woman, there was a common trend in the increase in antibody activity in the first and/or third trimester of the pregnancy," wrote V.N. Buneva and coauthors from the Russian Academy of Science.
	www.womenfitness.net /ru_milk_blood.htm (0 words)

	TSRI - News and Publications
		In order to overcome this limitation, new methods, including prodrug therapy, are emerging that can be used to direct these compounds to an appropriate target.
		Using the antibody-directed abzyme prodrug therapy approach, we are collaborating with C. Barbas and C. Rader, Department of Molecular Biology, to study prodrugs of epothilones, enediynes, and their analogs.
		We are also developing a small molecule-directed abzyme prodrug therapy approach in which small-molecule antagonists of the integrin
	www.scripps.edu /news/sr/sr2001/mb35.html (497 words)

	Enzyme mimicry by the antiidiotypic antibody approach -- Kolesnikov et al. 97 (25): 13526 -- Proceedings of the ...
		of esterolytic abzymes raised via the TSA approach (2, 3).
		, Peptide with a Ser modified by compound I. To permit expression of the abzyme as a Fab fragment in E.
		On the contrary, 9A8 abzyme was raised as an
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/25/13526 (4499 words)

	A.G. Gabibov (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The mechanism of antibody-catalyzed cleavage of supercoiled DNA, double stranded DNA fragments and oligonucleotides was investigated.
		The catalytic activity of isolated abzymes was comparable to that of nuclease and restriction enzymes.
		Monitoring of DNA-abzyme activity by flow linear dichorism technique was employed to estimate kinetic parameters and catalytic efficiency of abzyme-mediated DNA hydrolysis.
	dpalm.med.uth.tmc.edu /abzyme/abstracts/Gabibov.html (149 words)

	Mechanism and Kinetics (with reference to Catalytic Antibodies) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		you also need to know the molar concentration of the enzyme or abzyme, which you get from the protein concentration and the molecular weight, when you have pure enzyme or abzyme.
		cite determinations of these quantities for the reaction catalyzed by two abzymes with chorismate mutase activity.
		One point of this analysis is that it points out limitations of catalytic antibodies which cannot be overcome by the basic procedure of selecting an antibody which binds the transition state analog well.
	aesop.rutgers.edu /~dbm/Trendcat.html (2463 words)

	CiteULike: Tag abzyme (Site not responding. Last check: )
		posted to abzyme autoimmune disease erythematosus lupus polyclonal by erika as
		Abzyme activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
		posted to abzyme autoimmune disease erythematosus lupus by erika as
	www.citeulike.org /tag/abzyme (505 words)

	wissenschaft-online > Lexikon der Biologie > Abzyme
		Abzyme, abzymes (von antibody und enzyme) oder catmabs, KatMAKs (Abk.
		Basierend auf dem Grundgedanken, daß Abzyme den Übergangszustand einer chemischen Reaktion stabilisieren und diese dadurch erleichtern sollen, wurden Mäuse mit Enzym-Inhibitoren, die diesen Übergangszustand imitieren, immunisiert.
		Potentielle Anwendungsgebiete solcher Abzyme sind die Bekämpfung von Infektionskrankheiten, die Entgiftung des Körpers (z.
	www.wissenschaft-online.de /abo/lexikon/bio/336 (0 words)

	Infotrieve Online
		Study of abzyme incidence in blood tumors and systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) revealed linkage of anti-DNA Ab catalysts to mature B-cell tumors, and increased probability of DNA-abzymes formation on the background of autoimmune manifestations.
		The possibility of the abzyme production as Ab to the energetically destabilized ground state of the antigen has been discussed.
		Preliminary results were obtained that indicate the complement-independent cytotoxicity of anti-DNA autoantibodies isolated from blood of patients with SLE and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
	www4.infotrieve.com /newmedline/detail.asp?NameID=10214696&Session=&searchQuery=Kolesnikov&count=887 (223 words)

	Overpassing an aberrant V{kappa} gene to sequence an anti-idiotypic abzyme with {beta}-lactamase-like activity that ...
		to improve the catalytic activity of the abzyme or to probe
		Avalle, B., Débat, H., Friboulet, A., Thomas, D. (2000) Catalytic mechanism of abzyme displaying a beta-lactamase activity.
		Débat, H., Avalle, B., Friboulet, A., Thomas, D. (2000) Structure-function studies of a new generation of catalytic protein: an abzyme with a beta-lactamase activity.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/15/3/815 (0 words)

	A Selenium-Containing Abzyme, the Activity of Which Surpassed the Level of Native Glutathione Peroxidase -- LUO et al. ...
		A Selenium-Containing Abzyme, the Activity of Which Surpassed the Level of Native Glutathione Peroxidase -- LUO et al.
		A Selenium-Containing Abzyme, the Activity of Which Surpassed the Level of Native Glutathione Peroxidase
		two abzymes is possibly attributed to the conformation difference
	www.annalsnyas.org /cgi/content/abstract/864/1/136 (245 words)

	Abzyme
		Der Artikel Abzyme gehört zur Kategorie: Biochemie, Immunologie
		Eine dieser Reaktionen ist die Hydrolyse von Arylcarbamat- und Arylharnstoffherbiziden
		Erklärung des Begriff Abzyme und dessen Bedeutung wurde zuletzt am 20.12.2006 aktualisiert (Glossar Lexikon Enzyklopädie).
	www.weblexikon.de /Abzyme.html (121 words)

	Welcome to Humana Press
		Selenium-containing abzyme (m4G3) was prepared and its protection of myocardial mitochondria against oxidative damage was studied using the swelling of mitochondria, quantity of lipid peroxidation products, and change in cytochrome-c oxidase activity as a measure of mitochondrial damage.
		The results showed that m4G3 could inhibit mitochondrial damage caused by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system in vitro.
		Electronic spin resonance (ESR) studies demonstrated that m4G3 could decrease the amount of free radicals generated in the damage system.
	www.humanapress.com /index.php?option=com_journalshome&task=articledetails&category=journals&article_code=ABAB:82:3:167 (163 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Molecules which are modified to gain new catalytic activity are called synzymes.
		Abzymes are usually artificial constructs, but are also found in normal humans (anti-vasoactive intestinal peptide autoantibodies) and in patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus, where they can bind and hydrolyze DNA.
		Don't get the Herald-Journal delivered to your home?
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=abzyme (0 words)

	A and B
		Absolute configuration, Abzyme, Achiral, Acid, Acidity constant, Acid-labile sulfide, Aconitase, Active center, Active site, Adenosine 5'-triphosphate, Adrenodoxin, Aerobe, Albumin, Allosteric effector, Allosteric enzyme, Alpha(
		Presently a world-wide interest exists in catalytic antibodies (abzymes), elicited against transition-state analogues of chemical reactions.
		Such an approach has permitted the design of immunoglobulins with enzymatic activity.
	www.chem.qmul.ac.uk /iupac/bioinorg/AB.html (1865 words)

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