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Topic: Accentual-syllabic verse

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Meter in Children's Poetry Accentual verse, which relies on a regular number of stresses per line, is an older verse form in English than the accentual-syllabic verse described above, and is often associated with oral or folk verse forms. Much children's verse does not adhere strictly to these Greek-named accentual-syllabic verse forms, relying rather on patterns of stresses unrelated to line length. Metrical predictability aids in memorization, a key element of much children's poetry and older folk verse as well. www.richmond.edu /~egruner/english203/poetry.html

Syllabic verse Syllabic verse has a fixed number of syllables per line or stanza regardless of the number of stresses that are present. It is common in languages that are syllable timed such as classical Latin or modern French or Spanish, as opposed to accentual verse, which is common in stress timed languages such as English. The following poem by Thomas Campion is an example of syllabic verse in English. 1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/s/sy/syllabic_verse.html

Dana Gioia Online - Accentual Verse Accentual alliterative verse was the dominant English form until the Norman invasion, and it maintained a strong hold on native speakers for centuries afterwards. Dividing accentual verse into metrical feet can be done (just as it can be done to prose), but it reveals nothing essential about the generative principles of the form. In all accentual verse there is also an implied fourth rule—avoid metrical ambiguity by reducing or eliminating secondary stresses that might confuse where the beat falls. www.danagioia.net /essays/eaccentual.htm

Read about Poetry at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Poetry and learn about Poetry here! In the case of free verse, the rhythm of lines is often organized into looser units of cadence. verse composition to make these stories more memorable or to enhance them in some way. In addition to the forms of rhyme, alliteration and rhythm that structure much poetry, sound plays a more subtle role in even free verse poetry in creating pleasing, varied patterns and emphasizing or sometimes even illustrating semantic elements of the poem. encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Poetry

Expert About ac:Accentual 0 i: accentual adj 1: of or pertaining to accent or stress 2: (of verse) having a metric system based on stress rather than syllables or quantity; "accentual poetry is based on the number of stresses in a line"; "accentual rhythm" ant: quantitative, syllabic. Accentual verse has a fixed number of stresses per line or stanza regardless of the number of syllables that are present. Accentual verse derives its musical qualities by the alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables in more or less regular patterns, as in this example: to be or not to be (bold represents stressed syllables). www.expertsite.biz /dir/ac/accentual.htm

accentual-syllabic verse --  Encyclopædia Britannica A line of iambic pentameter verse, for example, consists of five feet, each of which is an iamb (an unstressed followed by a stressed syllable). Although verse is sometimes used as a synonym for poetry, it is usually understood to be metrical composition that ranks in artistic quality below the level of poetry. Verse may be technically skillful, or even dazzling, but lacking in depth or imaginative power. www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9125130

Glossary of Literary Terms Accentual Verse: Verse in which the metre depends upon counting a fixed number of stresses (which are also known as 'accents') in a line, but which does not take account of unstressed syllables. Free Verse: verse in which the metre and line length vary, and in which there is no discernible pattern in the use of rhyme. It was adopted as the chief verse form in Elizabethan verse drama, and was subsequently used by Milton in Paradise Lost and in a wide range of subsequent meditative and narrative poems. www.english.cam.ac.uk /vclass/terms.htm

Steven Willett, On O'Donnell's _The Passion of Meter_ - Romantic Circles Reviews, Romantic Circles To approach the Lyrical Ballads with a sense of the subtleties made possible by strict adherence to the rules of accentual-syllabic verse. Verse structure thus ceases to be a mere transparent medium for conveying and focusing emotion; it becomes an active participant in expressing the reaction of the poet's fluctuating response to nature, man and society. Strong metrical variations were acceptable in blank verse, but traditionally excluded from descriptive couplet verse "in favor of those more subtle variations calculated to give evidence of a rationally composed mind engaged in a comprehensive overview of a fixed 'scene'" (98). www.rc.umd.edu /reviews/back/odonnell.html

Thomson Nelson - English Resource Centre Accentual verse and accentual-syllabic verse: The most common formal verse measure or metre is either accentual (where each line of verse has a uniform number of stressed syllables but not of unstressed ones) or accentual-syllabic (where each line has a uniform number of stressed and unstressed syllables). Syllabic verse (where the unit of measurement is the number of syllables exclusively) is much less common. The accentual syllabic tradition also generally governed the number of syllables per line because, in English, the stress falls on the syllable. englishresources.nelson.com /literature/glossary.html

an introduction to poetry rhythm and rhythmic analysis Syllabic verse as exemplified by the French alexandrine is not strictly metrical, and twentieth century attempts to write a pure syllabic verse in English have not caught on. Verse seems not to be a heightening of natural speech tendencies, but speech cultivated for a particular end. Free verse originated in France around the middle of the nineteenth century, was championed (briefly) by the founders of Modernism, and has ramified into various forms, some of them indistinguishable from prose. www.poetrymagic.co.uk /advanced/rhythm.html

Poetry03 In accentual-syllabic verse; lines are named according to the number of accents they contain, again the Greek numbers are used. Pure syllabic verse is comparatively rare in English and what there is, is mostly imported from foreign forms of poetry, such as the Japanese Haiku. Syllabic metrical systems have a fixed number of syllables in each line, though there may be a varying number of stresses. www.anglistik.uni-freiburg.de /intranet/englishbasics/PoetryProsodic01.htm

Versification The ability to dash off a few verses was not only a useful social accomplishment for the eighteenth-century gentleman, but also a marketable skill in an age with a seemingly insatiable appetite for exotic eclogues and poems on affairs of state. Central to classical Latin metre is the phonological feature of syllabic weight or "length," which functions as a kind of exchange-value, two so-called "short" syllables being in most places metrically equivalent to one "long" one, so that lines with the same underlying structure may have very different numbers of syllables. Bysshe's "Rules for making Verses," by contrast, address the practical problem of how to make verses true: how, that is, to vary the prototypical pattern represented by Gray's "The curfew tolls the knell of parting day" while avoiding lines like the one Johnson pillories. depts.washington.edu /versif/backissues/vol3/essays/groves.html

Linking Letters: A Poet's Guide to Alliterative Verse Beat and off-beat is essentially what is measured in accentual-syllabic verse. At this point the application of these concepts to alliterative verse should be fairly obvious: strong stresses are the syllables we have been marking S, and which function as the chief stresses in prosodic words. Linking Letters: A Poet's Guide to Alliterative Verse alliteration.net /field14.htm

Accentual-syllabic verse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Look for Accentual-syllabic verse in the Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video. Look for Accentual-syllabic verse in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project. If you have created this page in the past few minutes and it has not yet appeared, it may not be visible due to a delay in updating the database. www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Accentual-syllabic_verse

Mike Snider's Formal Blog and Sonnetarium In accentual-syllabic verse, only relative stress within a foot matters, and, given the long practice of constrained metrical substitutions, none of the lines he cites presents the slightest difficulty to traditional scansion. There are of course many ways to make poems, some just as formally constrained as the usual meters, but none, not even the free verse of the last century, has been the basis of a body of work remotely comparable in quality and variety to that produced in the accentual-syllabic tradition. Part of that toolset, respect for ordinary speech, is shared by mainstream free verse, and that helps explain why free verse is the only real rival, in English, to accentual syllabic meters. radio.weblogs.com /0113501/2004/07/index.html

Mike Snider's Formal Blog and Sonnetarium Since the rhythm of accentual-syllabic verse depends on the interaction between the meter and the rhythms of ordinary speech, both must be, at some level, perceptible, and neither can be allowed to dominate or distort the other. Non-metrical verse (prose poems are not verse, and neither aleatory poems nor things like Silliman's fibonacci-based poem are non-metrical) is utterly different: its rhythm is principally built on repeated grammatical and syntactic structures, or on an interaction between the line as a whole and ordinary speech, or on some combination of the two. The variety of pauses, so much boasted by the lovers of blank verse, changes the measures of an English poet to the periods of the declaimer; and there are only a few happy readers of Milton who enable their audience to perceive where the lines begin or end. radio.weblogs.com /0113501/2004/12/index.html

Literary Encyclopedia: Metre / Meter Ictosyllabic verse, such as the trochaic tetrameter of Longfellow’s Hiawatha or the anapestic tetrameter of Byron’s “The Destruction of Sennacherib”, strikes modern ears as oppressively regular. Ictosyllabic metre has a curiously deadening effect on the language of the verse because the unvarying metrical pattern (the matrix) is either mechanically reflected in the prosody (as in the first of these two lines), or squeezes the prosody into its own Procrustean shape (mismatches underlined). This is typically the four-beat metre of popular “chantable” verse such as traditional nursery rhymes, protest chants and the like, in which the beats tend to be relatively evenly timed in performance. www.litencyc.com /php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=1217

Writer's Encyclopedia--Letter V Accentual syllabic verse is the most common—and most complex—form of metered verse in English. Accentual verse is that in which line length is determined by the number of stresses, regardless of the number of syllables, as: Verse paragraphs function much as paragraphs function in prose; they are indicated on the page simply by spaces between groups of lines or initial indentation. www.writersmarket.com /encyc/v.asp

Fellowship of Christian Poets - Newsletter accentual - syllabic verse - what the average person would probably have little difficulty in recognizing as poetry ; it follows a strict set of rules, often involving rhyme, has a distinct rhythm, or beat called "meter"; lines are measured in metric feet ; In English accentual - syllabic verse there are, basically, six kinds of metrical feet : Elision - Sometimes, for the poet to meet the requirements of accentual - syllabic verse, he makes use of the technique called "elision". www.christianpoets.com /news_back/0699.htm

Poems at the Poetry Free-for-all - Prognostication Thus, if you write paying careful attention to whether the beats are audible, you will naturally find yourself adhering to the syllabic rules inherent in accentual-syllabic verse. I'd argue that the potential for substitutions in short-lined iambic (or trochaic) verse was generally less, because each foot is 25% of the line, rather than 20%, and so it's much easier to obscure the metre; much easier, in fact, to settle into a four-stress accentual line. Yes, accentual verse is probably easier to pull off with short lines; but accentual verse isn't the same thing as 'normal' metrical (i.e. www.everypoet.org /pffa/showthread.php?s=&threadid=13280

Contest Tip Sheets An older style of traditional verse may be an accentual form, such as a two-beat strong-stress line, or may be syllabic verse comprised of a set number of syllables per line. For instance, accentual syllabic (metric) verse may consist primarily of iambic feet or, perhaps, the reversal of the iamb — a trochee. If poets aren't sure whether a poem is traditional or free verse, this may signal a need to round out the beat of metered verse or reconsider line breaks in free verse. www.writers-editors.com /Writers/Contests/Contest_Tip_Sheet/contest_tip_sheet.htm

Language Log: An internet pilgrim's guide to accentual-syllabic verse For English accentual/syllabic verse, we are dealing with patterns of stressed and unstressed (rather than long and short syllables), and the usual notation is something like acute accents over stressed syllables with breves over unstressed ones, as exemplified in this page. For metered verse to be a living form -- as it has been in many cultures around the world, both ancient and modern -- its patterns have to be defined in terms of phonological categories whose patterns poets and their audience can hear and feel. The result is verse in which the natural rhythm of linguistic performance, while metrically constrained, need not evoke the regular alternation of the metrical form very strongly. itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/001172.html

Classical Values :: This is just to say / nice try His apparent scorn for accentual syllabic verse in English, which the great prosodic thinker Robert Mezey ranks with the wheel as one of man's two great inventions, bespeaks a classical snobbery which would have appalled Housman, the greatest classicist of his day. I've memorized enough syllabic verse in French and quantitative verse in Greek to be inclined to agree with Mezey. Accentual syllabic was good enough for Shakespeare, and he was no robot. www.classicalvalues.com /archives/001377.html

Bryn Mawr College English Department This course will provide a semester-long survey of the formal resources available to students wishing to write poems in English, beginning with syllabic verse, accentual verse, and accentual-syllabic (metered) verse, as well as free verse. Students will gain experience writing in a variety of verse forms (including cinquains, Anglo-Saxon accentual verse, and sonnets) and, throughout, the emphasis will be on helping the student locate herself/himself as part of an ongoing tradition of poets writing on particular subjects in particular voices and forms. Students in this class are expected to become, not only writers, but also critics of their own and each other’s work, and the term grade is determined partly by written work and partly by in-class participation during discussions of syllabus reading and student poems. www.brynmawr.edu /english/courses/art261.html

Stoa How to Mark Up a Text This rarely comes up with accentual-syllabic verse (as in English), but is not uncommon with quantitative verse (as in the classical languages). Commentaries on verse may discuss the meter, and verse texts often use metrical symbols to indicate what is known about the shape of a lacuna. A quotation of stichic verse or a portion of a stanza needs no more structure; a quotation of several stanzas can be divided into several line groups. www.stoa.org /markup/how_markup.shtml

Some Basics of Poetic Form accentual-syllabic meter : verse in which the number of stresses, and the total number of syllables, are both counted. accentual meter : verse in which only stresses are counted [Eliot, Waste Land opening, Hopkins' overstressed "sprung rhythm," because strength resides in stress] Free verse is NOT verse written without form, without rhythm, without rhyme, or without pattern. english3.fsu.edu /~mkennedy/poeticform.htm

foot (poetic term) accentual or accentual-syllabic verse the following feet are the most common: verse and where "substitutions" are largely governed by rule rather than by whim or instinct. It is perhaps unfortunate that the terminology of feet is borrowed from classical quantitative prosody, where practice is in general much more regular than in most Eng. www.english.upenn.edu /~afilreis/88/foot.html

Lesson 11 When the number of accented and unaccented syllables is designated in a specific pattern we have accentual syllabic verse. Normative syllabic verse is where a poet will use a specific number, say five, for each line in the poem. Don’t worry about accents or rhyming; you are writing syllabic verse for this poem. www.northland.cc.az.us /enl236/content/module011/lesson11.htm

EMC - The Early Modern Center At the heart of the disagreement is whether ballad verse is accentual or accentual-syllabic. Besides “accentual” and “syllabic,” there are terms for ballad measure derived from the fact that early modern Protestant hymn writers put the Psalms to the tune and rhythm of popular ballads, and these new hymns ultimately found a place in church songbooks. A related theory holds that the ballad measure quatrain derives from the native “fourteener” couplet, but this form is especially associated with the Renaissance. emc.english.ucsb.edu /ballad_project/background_essays/ballad_measure.asp

Poetic Terms Metre (Greek, "measure"): the rhythm of verse, reduceable to one of four kinds, accentual, syllabic, accentual-syllabic, and quantitative. Accentual-syllabic verse: lines whose rhythm arises by the number and alternation of its stressed and unstressed syllables, organized into feet. End-stopped: a verse line ending at a grammatical boundary or break, such as a dash, a closing parenthesis, or punctuation such as a colon, a semi-colon, or a period. unr.edu /homepage/keniston/engl466/terms.htm

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