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Topic: Acetylsalicylic acid

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Aspirin

Carboxylic acid

Salicylic acid

Picric acid

Systematic name

Benzene ring

Acetyl

Free trade

Acetaminophen

Analgesic

IUPAC name

Bayer AG

Acetic acid

Citric acid

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	Acetylsalicylic acid (PIM 006)
		Acetylsalicylic acid is poorly soluble in the acid media of the stomach and precipitates may coalesce to form concretions, thereby delaying absorption for 8 to 24 hours.
		Salicylates are excreted mainly by the kidney as salicyluric acid (75%), free salicylic acid (10%), salicylic phenol (10%) and acyl (5%) glucuronides, and gentisic acid (< 1%).
		Acetylsalicylic acid is poorly soluble in an acid environment and may coalesce to form a mass or coating in the stomach, from which absorption may continue slowly over many hours.
	www.inchem.org /documents/pims/pharm/aspirin.htm (6916 words)

	Phoenix College - CHM 140 acetylsalicylic acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		acid, and for the reaction between acetic anhydride and water.
		Acetylsalicyclic acid (aspirin) is related to saligenin, a substance that can be extracted from willow bark, and that was recognized as a painkiller as far as back as Greek and Roman times.
		Salicylic Acid acetic anhydride acetylsalicylic acid acetic acid
	chemlab.pc.maricopa.edu /labbooks/140/aspirin/index.html (569 words)

	Ingredients -- Acetylsalicylic Acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Acetylsalicylic acid is more commonly known as aspirin.
		Acetylsalicylic acid breaks down into salicylic acid 20 minutes after entering the bloodstream.
		It is the salicylic acid that is responsible for the beneficial effects of aspirin.
	sci-toys.com /ingredients/acetylsalicylic_acid.html (67 words)

	Organic Chemistry at Penn State: Aspirin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Acetylsalicylic acid was apparently first prepared by C. von Gerhardt in 1853, but it sat on the shelf unused and untested for almost 50 years.
		He prepared acetylsalicylic acid in 1897, and according to the literature, Henrich Dreser, head of Bayer laboratories, started its clinical use shortly thereafter.
		Since acetylsalicylic acid failed that test, it was originally rejected (the boss is always right).
	courses.chem.psu.edu /chem38/structures/aspirin/aspirin.html (622 words)

	Salicylic acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This colorless crystalline organic acid is widely used in organic synthesis and functions as a plant hormone.
		Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA) can be prepared by the esterification of the phenolic hydroxyl group of salicylic acid.
		Salicylic acid is toxic if ingested in large quantities, but in small quantities is used as a food preservative and antiseptic in toothpaste.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Salicylic_acid (523 words)

	Spectroscopic Analysis of Aspirin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The ultimate goal of this experiment is to determine the amount of acetylsalicylic acid in an aspirin tablet.
		Saponification is the reaction of an ester with sodium hydroxide to produce an alcohol and the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid of the ester.
		Acetylsalicylic acid will be saponified and the salicylic acid that is quantitatively released by this reaction will be analyzed with the spectrophotometer.
	www.pitt.edu /~n3lsk/0114/specaspproc.html (926 words)

	Aspirin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid (acetosal) is a drug in the family of salicylates, often used as an analgesic (against minor pains and aches), antipyretic (against fever), and anti-inflammatory.
		In countries in which Aspirin remains a trademark, the initialism ASA (for acetylsalicylic acid) is used as a generic term (ASS in German-language countries, for Acetylsalicylsäure; AAS in Spanish- and Portuguese-language countries, for ácido acetilsalicílico and in French-language countries, for acide acétylsalicylique).
		Salicylic acid is then acetylated using acetic anhydride, yielding aspirin and acetic acid as a byproduct.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Acetylsalicylic_acid (3816 words)

	Schmerz (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-1.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		However, the exact mechanism of acetylsalicylic acid's action was only discovered some thirty years ago by Sir John Vane.
		At the same time it was discovered, that prostaglandins' synthesis in blood platelets (thrombocytes) is inhibited by acetylsalicylic acid, by which a conglomeration of blood platelets (thrombocyte aggregation) is prevented.
		Here, intake of the low acetylsalicylic acid dosage Aspirin® Protect is advised as a preventative measure against re-infarction, thrombosis and after coronary surgery.
	pain.bayer.com.cob-web.org:8888 /treatment/active_ingredient_en.html (183 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A spirin is the common name for the compound acetylsalicylic acid, the drug most widely used for relief of pain, inflammation and fever.
		Compounds similar to acetylsalicylic acid are among the oldest known drugs.
		Salicylic acid was first artificially produced in 1860 and was introduced into medicine in 1875.
	crab.rutgers.edu /~loyle/SP04Aspirinnotes.doc (817 words)

	Stroke: low-dose acetylsalicylic acid decreased stroke, MI and death.
		Patients about to undergo carotid endarterectomy who were given low-dose acetylsalicylic acid, were less likely to have any stroke, MI or die, than those given high-dose acetylsalicylic acid (NNT = 47 at 3 months).
		As the trial did not include a placebo group, the benefit of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid may be underestimated.
		However, if high-dose acetylsalicylic acid increases the rate of stroke, MI and death (very unlikely), then the benefit of low-dose may be overestimated.
	www.eboncall.org /CATs/695.html (404 words)

	Solvation and Hydration Characteristics of Ibuprofen and Acetylsalicylic Acid
		Solvation and Hydration Characteristics of Ibuprofen and Acetylsalicylic Acid
		Perlovich GL, Kurkov SV, Kinchin AN, Bauer-Brandl A. Solvation and Hydration Characteristics of Ibuprofen and Acetylsalicylic Acid
		Ibuprofen and acetylsalicylic acid were studied by thermoanalytical methods: sublimation calorimetry, solution calorimetry, and with respect to solubility.
	www.aapsj.org /view.asp?art=ps060103 (2716 words)

	12. Use of acetylsalicylic acid
		acetylsalicylic acid is given in the Quality Assessment of Data on Use of Aspirin in the WHO MONICA Project (7).
		In the WHO MONICA Project the prevalence of acetylsalicylic acid users among survey respondents is reported (8).
		Studies that focused more broadly on health and had not a narrow interest of cardiovascular disease did not always emphasize the indication for acetylsalicylic acid use or prompt the participant specifically with a question on acetylsalicylic acid use and heart disease.
	www.ktl.fi /publications/ehrm/product1/section12.htm (758 words)

	Acetylsalicylic acid - Buy Acetylsalicylic acid Online - Fda approved Acetylsalicylic acid without a Prescription at ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Acetylsalicylic acid is Dispatched from outside the United States.
		A: No, the Acetylsalicylic acid prescription is not required.
		If Acetylsalicylic acid will not be delivered to you within 20 days, we will repeat the sending or we will return your money.
	www.npmeds.com /fda/online/Acetylsalicylic_acid.shtml (345 words)

	Effects of acetylsalicylic acid treatment on thyroid hormones, prolactins, and the stress response of tilapia ...
		Effects of acetylsalicylic acid treatment on thyroid hormones, prolactins, and the stress response of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) -- van Anholt et al.
		Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; aspirin) is a potent and irreversible
		Beckman B and Mustafa T. Arachidonic acid metabolism in gill homogenate and isolated gill cells from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: the effect of osmolality, electrolytes and prolactin.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/285/5/R1098 (5322 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Aspirin, Sodium Bicarbonate, and Citric Acid (Systemic ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Aspirin, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid (AS-pir-in, SOE-dee-um bye-KAR-boe-nate, and SI-trik AS-id) combination is used to relieve pain occurring together with heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion.
		It neutralizes stomach acid by combining with it to form a new substance that is not an acid.
		Aspirin, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid combination may also be used to lessen the chance of heart attack, stroke, or other problems that may occur when a blood vessel is blocked by blood clots.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202073.html (2774 words)

	Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin): Aspirin is a good example of a tradename that has entered into the language.
		Aspirin was once the Bayer trademark for acetylsalicylic acid.
		On Aug. 10, 1897 young Bayer researcher, Felix Hoffman, first synthesized acetylsalicylic acid.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2111 (195 words)

	Dipyridamole And Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) Combination Superior To ASA Alone In Prevention Of Recurrent Stroke
		The extended-release dipyridamole plus acetylsalicylic acid versus acetylsalicylic acid comparison is the subject of The Lancet publication.
		Baseline characteristics and prescribed dose of acetylsalicylic acid were similar in both treatment groups.
		Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke.
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /medicalnews.php?newsid=43772 (1066 words)

	An aspirin a day keeps the doctor at bay
		Extracts from the bark and leaves of the willow, myrtle and a number of other plants rely for their effect on the presence of salicylic acid, an organic compound composed of seven carbon atoms, six hydrogens and three oxygens.
		Henri Leroux, a pharmacist, obtained a compound of salicylic acid, known as salicin, in crystalline form for the first time, and Raffaele Piria, an Italian chemist, then succeeded in splitting it up to obtain the acid in its pure state.
		This allowed salicylic acid to be produced on an industrial scale, and by 1874 a factory in Dresden was able to sell it at a tenth of the price of material extracted from willow bark.
	almaz.com /nobel/medicine/aspirin.html (1292 words)

	Acetylsalicylic acid, the active ingredient in Aspirin can lower the risk of redeveloping colorectal cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Acetylsalicylic acid, the active ingredient in Aspirin can lower the risk of redeveloping colorectal cancer
		Acetylsalicylic acid, the active ingredient in Aspirin?, can lower the risk of redeveloping colorectal cancer: Stage III colon cancer patients, who have undergone surgery and chemotherapy, experience less recurrence and fatalities when using Aspirin?.
		Previous research studies support these findings: They have shown that large doses of acetylsalicylic acid can significantly decrease the incidence of colorectal polyps - initially benign tumors that can turn malignant if left untreated.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=11474 (451 words)

	Acetylsalicylic Acid Increases Tolerance Against Hypoxic and Chemical Hypoxia -- Riepe et al. 28 (10): 2006 -- Stroke
		superfused in vitro with 1 mmol/L of 3-nitropropionic acid.
		Inhibitory effect of acetylsalicylic acid on platelet function in patients with completed stroke or reversible ischemic neurologic deficit.
		Vinazzer H, Putter J, Loew D. Influence of intravenously administered acetylsalicylic acid on platelet functions: a pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study.
	stroke.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/28/10/2006 (2708 words)

	Aspirin - Molecule of the Month (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		One of the best known aromatic acetates is acetylsalicylic acid, or aspirin, which is prepared by the esterification of the phenolic hydroxyl group of salicylic acid.
		The key compound in the synthesis of aspirin, salicylic acid, is prepared from phenol by a process discovered over 100 years ago by the German chemist Hermann Kolbe.
		In the Kolbe synthesis (also known as the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction) sodium p henoxide is heated with CO under pressure and the reaction mixture is subsequently acidified to yield salicylic acid.
	www.bris.ac.uk /Depts/Chemistry/MOTM/aspirin/aspirin.htm (276 words)

	Aspirin History - Invention of Aspirin
		Since 1899, acetylsalicylic acid has attained a leading position world-wide in the prescription-free therapy of painful, feverish and inflammatory states.
		The leaves and bark of the willow tree contain a substance called salicin, a naturally occurring compound similar to acetylsalicylic acid, the chemical name for aspirin.
		In 1832, a thirty-seven-year-old French chemist named Charles Gergardt mixed another chemical with the acid and produced good results, but the procedure was difficult and took a lot of time.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventions/aspirin.htm (1236 words)

	Inventor Felix Hoffmann Biography
		Felix Hoffmann was born in Ludwigsburg, Germany, in 1868, the son of an industrialist.
		By acetylating salicylic acid with acetic acid, he succeeded in creating acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in a chemically pure and stable form.
		Shortly after the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid, Hoffmann was made head of the pharmaceutical marketing department.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventors/hoffmann.htm (1377 words)

	Aspirin, Acetylsalicylic Acid, ASA
		However, aspirin is known to damage the stomach in some cases, and the stomach plays a key role in vitamin B12 absorption (by secreting hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor).
		Interrelationship of rheumatoid arthritis, folic acid and aspirin.
		Increased tendency towards gingival bleeding caused by joint effect of alpha-tocopherol supplementation and acetylsalicylic acid.
	www.truestarhealth.com /Notes/1088008.html (1316 words)

	Acetylsalicylic Acid: Encyclopedia of Science (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-1.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Acetylsalicylic Acid: Encyclopedia of Science (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-1.cs.princeton.edu)
		Acetylsalicylic (pronounced uh-SEE-tuhl-sa-luh-si-lik) acid, commonly known as aspirin, is the most popular therapeutic drug in the world.
		Sold without a prescription as tablets, capsules, powders, or suppositories (a meltable form for insertion into a body cavity), it reduces pain, fever, and swelling, is believed to decrease the risk of heart attacks and strokes, and may protect against colon cancer and help prevent premature birth.
	science.enotes.com.cob-web.org:8888 /uxl-science-encyclopedia/acetylsalicylic-acid (158 words)

	Aspirin Research: Acetylsalicylic Acid, Baby Aspirin, Side Effects, Overdose, Allergy (via CobWeb/3.1 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The purposes of this study were to determine by direct measurement the effects that acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen have on orthodontic tooth movement in rats and to evaluate histologically the differences in bone resorption in the pressure area in rats treated with...
		Randomized controlled trial of acetylsalicylic acid in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: the MASH Study.
		We performed a randomized controlled trial to assess whether acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) reduces the risk of delayed ischemic neurological deficit (DIND) in patients with SAH.
	aspirin.researchtoday.net.cob-web.org:8888 (1000 words)

	Acetylsalicylic Acid
		The purpose of this experiment was to determine which commercial aspirin – Bayer or Safeway – contained the greatest concentration of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).
		First, pure aspirin was synthesized to use as a standard.
		Calculations show that Safeway was more concentrated in aspirin and more cost effective than Bayer aspirin.
	www.umbc.edu /upwardbound-mathscience/acetylsalicylic_acid.htm (50 words)

	ASPIRIN
		Synonyms: 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid; salicylic acid acetate; acetysalicylic acid
		Decomposes to acetic acid and salicylic acids in the presence of moist air.
		Oral rat LD50: 200 mg/kg; investigated as a mutagen, reproductive effector.
	www.jtbaker.com /msds/englishhtml/a7686.htm (1093 words)

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