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Topic: Achondroplastic dwarfism

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	Achondroplastic dwarfism - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Achondroplastic dwarfism: hereditary disturbance of epiphyseal chondroblastic growth, causing inadequate enchondral bone formation and resulting in a peculiar form of dwarfism.
		Achondroplastic dwarfism is listed as a "rare disease" by the Office of Rare Diseases (ORD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
		This means that Achondroplastic dwarfism, or a subtype of Achondroplastic dwarfism, affects less than 200,000 people in the US population.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/achondroplastic_dwarfism.htm (421 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - dwarfism
		DWARFISM [dwarfism] condition in which an animal or plant is less than normal in size and lacks the capacity for normal growth.
		Pituitary dwarfism is caused by an insufficiency of the pituitary growth hormone (hypopituitary dwarfism).
		Unlike cretinism and pituitary dwarfism (which are thought to be caused by a combination of heredity and endocrine malfunction), achondroplastic dwarfism is the result of a completely hereditary, dominant genetic trait.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/d1/dwarfism.asp (401 words)

	Dwarfism web page
		Dwarfism is defined by the LPA (the Little People of America) as "An adult, height of 4 ft. 10 in.
		SED is a form of dwarfism that results in severe osteoarthritis of hips, multiple loose bodies in various joints, and flattened metatarsal and metacarpal heads.
		There is a 25% chance that two achondroplastic dwarves would give birth to a normal child, and it is also possible for two achondroplastic dwarves to conceive a double-dominant child, where both parents pass on the gene for achondroplasia.
	www.tjhsst.edu /~jleaf/disability/jweb/JWEB.HTM (968 words)

	Achondroplastic dwarfism -
		Achondroplasia is a type of genetic disorder that is a common cause of dwarfism.
		Studies have demonstrated that new gene mutations are exclusively inherited from the father and occur during spermatogenesis difference between pituitary dwarfism and achondroplastic (as opposed to resulting from a gonadal mosaicism).
		Achondroplasia by by achondroplastic dwarfism Kathleen Tozer, M.D. and Bart Keogh, M.D., University of Washington Department of Radiology
	www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Diseases-Aa---Al/Achondroplastic-dwarfism.html (758 words)

	Dwarfism - causes of dwarfism
		Dwarfism dwarfism disorder is a condition in which a person, animal or plant is much below the ordinary size of the species.
		Dwarfism is now rarely used as a medical term and is sometimes (but not pituitary dwarfism massage indications always) considered impolite or pejorative.
		Dwarfism becomes suspected because of obvious physical features, because of an obviously affected parent, or because body measurements (arm span, upper to lower segment ratio) indicate disproportion.
	www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Diseases-D/Dwarfism.html (1471 words)

	CIGNA - Achondroplasia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Achondroplasia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an unusually large head (macrocephaly) with a prominent forehead (frontal bossing) and flat (depressed) nasal bridge; short upper arms and legs (rhizomelic dwarfism); unusually prominent abdomen and buttocks; and short hands with fingers that assume a "trident" or three-pronged position during extension.
		Infants born with achondroplasia typically have an arched or "dome-like" (vaulted) skull to adapt to the abnormally enlarged brain (megalencephaly) that is characteristic in this syndrome.
		Additional disorders may be characterized by small stature and disproportionately short arms and legs (short-limbed dwarfism); abnormal enlargement of the head (macrocephaly); additional malformations of the skull and facial (craniofacial) region; and/or other symptoms and findings similar to those potentially associated with achondroplasia.
	www.cigna.com /healthinfo/nord80.html (1760 words)

	Dwarf
		There is a typically large head with prominence of the forehead (frontal bossing), underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of the midface with cheekbones that lack prominence, and a low nasal bridge with narrow nasal passages.
		Dwarfism caused by a lack of growth hormone, usually due to malfunction of the pituitary gland.
		Thanatophoric dysplasia is due to a lethal mutation (change) in the same gene that produces achondroplasia, a familiar and far more common form of short-limbed dwarfism that is compatible with life.
	www.healthdictionary.info /Dwarf.htm (673 words)

	LPA Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Proportionate dwarfism -- that is, a short-stature condition that results in the arms, legs, trunk, and head being the same size in relation to each other as would be expected with an average-size person -- is often the result of a hormonal deficiency, and may be treated medically.
		Dwarfism is a recognized condition under the Americans with Disabilities Act.
		On one hand, the breakthrough may be used to help achondroplastic couples to identify a fetus with "double dominant" or homozygous achondroplasia, a fatal condition that occurs in 25% of births to those couples.
	www.lpaonline.org /resources_faq.html (2519 words)

	puddins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Though an achondroplastic dwarf terrier may be only ten inches tall, it may be anywhere from 15 to 20 pounds in weight due to the huge chest, big bones,and large head.
		Breeds commonly associated with achondroplastic dwarfism are bassett hounds, dachshunds, shih-tsus, pekingese, sharpeis, and English and French Bulldogs.
		Achondroplastic dwarfism is a genetic defect and should not be perpetuated.
	www.shortjackrussell.com /puddins.html (565 words)

	Credits - Pacific Lutheran University
		Of the estimated 200 types of dwarfism, achondroplasia is by far the most common, accounting for approximately half of all cases of profound short stature.
		Achondroplastic dwarfism is characterized by an average-size trunk, short arms and legs, and a slightly enlarged head and prominent forehead.
		Most achondroplastic dwarfs are born to average-size parents, and account for somewhere between one in 26,000 and one in 40,000 births.
	www.plu.edu /~sope/Dwarfism.htm (333 words)

	- Northwestern Memorial Hospital - Chicago
		Achondroplasia is a disorder of bone growth that causes the most common type of dwarfism.
		The disorder causes a type of dwarfism that is recognized by its characteristic normal to large-sized head, shortened arms and legs (especially the upper arm and thigh), a normal-sized trunk, and waddling gait.
		Achondroplasia can be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, which means that if a child gets the defective gene from one parent, he or she will have the disorder.
	www.nmh.org /nmh/adam/adamencyclopedia/HIEArticles/001577.htm (465 words)

	P.O.V. - Big Enough . What is Dwarfism? \| PBS
		Dwarfism is a medical or genetic condition that usually results in an adult height of four feet ten or shorter, among both men and women, although in some cases a person with a dwarfing condition may be slightly taller than that.
		Proportionate dwarfism — that is, a short-stature condition that results in the arms, legs, trunk, and head being the same size in relation to each other as would be expected with an average-sized person — is often the result of a hormonal deficiency, and may be treated medically.
		Type III is a dwarfism condition, with adults generally reaching a height of three feet, although profound short stature is often associated with the other three types as well.
	www.pbs.org /pov/pov2005/bigenough/special_dwarfism.html (1104 words)

	Bone Disorders
		Dwarfism, the condition in which a person is abnormally short, is the opposite of giantism.
		Achondroplastic (a-kon'dro-plas'tik) dwarfism, involving a disproportionate shortening of the long bones, is more common than proportionate dwarfing and produces a person with a nearly normal-sized trunk and head but shorter-than-normal limbs.
		Most cases of achondroplastic dwarfism are the result of genetic defects that cause deficient or improper growth of the cartilage model, especially the epiphyseal plate, and often involve deficient collagen synthesis.
	www.mhhe.com /biosci/ap/saladin/student/olc/s-reading2.html (458 words)

	dwarf3
		Dwarfism is a condition of abnormally small stature, and usually is characterized by altered body proportions.
		In that breed, both achondroplastic dwarfism and hemolytic anemia are inherited as pleiotropic conditions, meaning a single gene giving multiple phenotype effects.
		Although it is possible that pituitary dwarfism in the GSD is a polygenic disorder of a threshold nature, most investigators so far believe it a result of a simple autosomal (not sex-linked) recessive trait.
	www.gsdhelpline.com /dwarf3.htm (2339 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Achondroplasia
		The disorder causes a type of dwarfism that is recognized by a characteristic normal- to large-sized head, shortened arms and legs (especially the upper arm and thigh), a normal-sized trunk, and waddling gait.
		Typical appearance of achondroplastic dwarfism is apparent at birth:
		Infants who are homozygous for achondroplasia (both parents are achondroplastic and each has contributed an affected gene) seldom live beyond a few months.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001577.htm (491 words)

	Pituitary Dwarfism in the German Shepherd Dog(long- Dog Breeds
		Dwarfism is often an accompaniment to that asynchronous growth of the “double bones” in either front or rear limbs.
		Norwegian Elkhound chondrodysplasia is similar to the other canine dwarfisms as well as to human spondylometaphyseal dysplasia; it is widespread in the breed, and may be associated with glycosuria (sugar in the blood), although in one study this was not found.
		Certain dwarfism characteristics have been made part of the breeds’ show standards and are not much covered here, but even some breeds that are not normal skeletally, anyway, such as Dachshunds and French Bulldogs, sometimes are even more afflicted with chondrodysplasia than their artificially-considered “normal” compatriots.
	www.prodoggroomingsupplies.com /dog-forums/showthread.php?t=15296 (7051 words)

	Achondroplasia
		Achondroplasia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an unusually large head (macrocephaly) with a prominent forehead (frontal bossing) and flat (depressed) nasal bridge; short upper arms and legs (rhizomelic dwarfism); unusually prominent abdomen and buttocks; and short hands with fingers that assume a "trident" or three-pronged position during extension.
		Infants born with Achondroplasia typically have an arched or "dome-like" (vaulted) skull to adapt to the abnormally enlarged brain (megalencephaly) that is characteristic in this syndrome.
		Additional disorders may be characterized by small stature and disproportionately short arms and legs (short-limbed dwarfism); abnormal enlargement of the head (macrocephaly); additional malformations of the skull and facial (craniofacial) region; and/or other symptoms and findings similar to those potentially associated with Achondroplasia.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord80.htm (1731 words)

	Dwarfism: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		...Dwarfism Dwarfism Dwarfism is a state in which a person, animal or plant is...human being.
		Dwarfism is a state in which a person, animal or plant is much below the ordinary size of the species.
		Note that when a person is a dwarf, politically correct terms include: dwarf, little person (oppose big person) and short-statured.
	www.encyclopedian.com /dw/Dwarfism.html (176 words)

	Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library - Achondroplasia
		Achondroplasia is an inherited disorder of bone growth.
		Infants who are homozygous for achondroplasia (both parents are achondroplastic and each has contributed an affected gene) seldom live beyond a few months.
		If there is a family history of achondroplasia and you plan to have children, you may find it helpful to speak to your health care provider.
	www.lifespan.org /adam/healthillustratedencyclopedia/1/001577.html (456 words)

	A Small Problem Dwarfism in Dogs
		There are miniature and toy versions of “standard”-size breeds, but this is not the same as dwarfism, the latter being the result of an abnormality rather than a variation within normal limits in genes.
		Proportional dwarfism in the GSD is called “pituitary dwarfism” because an old name for the hypophysis, or part of it, is “pituitary gland”.
		To even attempt to delve into the mysteries of inheritance of various forms of dwarfism, one must be prepared to consider different genetic causes and expressions in what, on first glance, is easy to assume are the same conditions.
	www.dogstuff.info /dwarfism_part_three_lanting.html (1527 words)

	Fallon Clinic
		It is one of the group of disorders that are collectively called chondrodystrophies or osteochondrodysplasias.
		The disorder causes a type of dwarfism that is recognized by a characteristic normal- to large-sized head, shortened arms and legs (especially the upper arm and thigh), a normal-sized trunk, and waddling gait.
		Achondroplasia may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, which means that if a child gets the defective gene from one parent, the child will have the disorder.
	www.fallon-clinic.com /internet/health/index.aspx?PAGE=health/encyclopedia/content_prod1/001577 (251 words)

	Achondroplasia
		Symptoms: Typical appearance of achondroplastic dwarfism is apparent at birth:
		Typical appearance of achondroplastic dwarfism is apparent at birth.
		Infants who are homozygous for achondroplasia (both parents are achondroplasts and each has contributed an affected gene) seldom live beyond a few months.
	www.rwjobgyn.com /Atoz/encyclopedia/article/001577.asp (470 words)

	Achondroplastic Dwarfism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Achondroplastic dwarfism is the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism.
		Usually, the forehead is large, and the middle part of the face is small.
		Achondroplastic dwarfism can be genetically inherited, but about eight out of every 10 cases occur without a family history of the condition.
	www.csmc.edu /pf_5700.html (123 words)

	OrthoIndy's Active Life (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Phillips suffered from progressive deteriorating spinal stenosis, as a consequence of her congenital achrondroplastic dwarfism, which over time has affected various regions of her spine necessitating her multiple previous surgeries.
		Due to a noticeable deterioration of her function and ability to lie down because of shortness of breath, Phillips had two choices, surgical intervention or become wheelchair bound with the likelihood of paralysis over the next two years.
		Achondroplastic dwarfism occurs in an estimated one in every 40,000 children.
	www.gold1045.com /channels/orthoIndy.asp?Pg=19 (335 words)

	eMedicine - Achondroplasia : Article by Ali Nawaz Khan, MBBS, FRCP, FRCR
		Stenosis of the spinal canal is secondary to abnormalities of endochondral ossification with premature synostosis of the ossification centers of the vertebral body and the posterior arch.
		Dwarfism associated with achondroplasia is due primarily to rhizomelic shortening of the limbs.
		Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) syndrome is a differential diagnosis of short-limb dwarfisms.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic809.htm (8636 words)

	Don Burleson blog: All about Dwarves
		Just like with people, dwarfism in horses is very rare, but the deliberate introduction of dwarf genes by some North American breeders has made equine dwarfism a major issue in miniaturized horses.
		The term “Achondroplastic” (also known as “achondrodystrophic dwarfism”) refers to a horse that possesses a normal-sized torso neck and head with abbreviated leg and ear length.
		The Brachiocephalic dwarf horse has far more observable anomalies than the Achondroplastic dwarf, and this type of dwarfism is far more disabling, primarily because of the severe leg deformities and nasal constriction.
	dba-oracle.blogspot.com /2005/06/all-about-dwarves.html (374 words)

	Achondroplastic Dwarf Horses
		Achondroplastic dwarfism (also known as achondrodystrophic dwarfism) refers to a horse that possesses a normal-sized torso neck and head with abbreviated leg and ear length.
		Another example of an Achondroplastic dwarf is Twinkie (Figure 2), who was lucky to have good legs and overall health.
		Aside from trauma from having traumatized from having been bred (she lost her baby), Twinkie is now spayed and is a happy and healthy 17-year old.
	www.mini-horse.org /dwarf_achonroplastic.html (180 words)

	P.O.V. - Big Enough . What is Normal? \| PBS
		In contrast to a person who is blind, or deaf, or uses a wheelchair to get around, a person with dwarfism — in most instances, anyway — is fully in possession of all of her physical abilities.
		People with dwarfism are disabled not by the lack of some physical function, but by a culture that perceives there is something wrong with them — "something wrong, but not too wrong," Ablon writes — and that discriminates against them by denying them opportunities that it routinely grants to the average-sized majority.
		Ruth Ricker, an achondroplastic dwarf and a past president of the Little People of America, goes as far as to say that though she would like to see medical advances eliminate the complications of dwarfism, she would object to the elimination of the short stature that is its most obvious characteristic.
	www.pbs.org /pov/pov2005/bigenough/special_normal.html (2257 words)

	Dwarfism in Labs
		Well look at her profile, dwarfs have a normal head and body, but little stumpy legs, if she is in proportion but just small then she is fine, working bred Labs are usually a lot smaller than the heavier show type.
		That is achondroplastic dwarfism (which is what all the short legged breeds are), but other forms of dwrfism are different and cause more health problems and often a short life as that found in GSD's and Malamutes.
		Dwarfism in labradors - occurs in some bloodlines of labradors - isn't one of the breeders' favourite topics.
	www.champdogsforum.co.uk /board/topic/72243.html (246 words)

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