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Topic: Acquired syphilis

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	Acquired syphilis - Acquired syphilis
		The route of transmission for syphilis is almost invariably by sexual contact; however, there are examples of direct contact infections (see yaws) and of congenital syphilis (transmission from mother to child in utero).
		Crosby argues that syphilis is a specific form of Yaws that had evolved in the New World and was brought back to the old, "the differing ecological conditions produced different types of treponematosis and, in time, closely related but different diseases".
		Congenital syphilis is syphilis present in utero and at birth, and occurs when a child is born to a mother with secondary or tertiary syphilis.
	www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Diseases-Aa---Al/Acquired-syphilis.html (2560 words)

	Syphilis
		Syphilis can be frightening because if it goes untreated, it can lead to serious health problems and increase a person's risk for HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS.
		Syphilis, which is caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum, typically first appears as a sore on the area where there has been sexual contact with the infected person.
		Syphilis bacteria enter the blood and spread through the body, causing many different symptoms, including rash (small red bumps), fever, headache, loss of appetite, weight loss, sore throat, muscle aches, joint pain, a generally ill feeling, and enlarged lymph nodes.
	www.kidshealth.org /parent/infections/bacterial_viral/syphilis.html (918 words)

	NGC - NGC Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Where lesions that are clinically suspicious of primary syphilis are identified, attempts must be made to identify treponemes by dark ground microscopy.
		Following a positive syphilis screen (enzyme immunoassay or treponemal plus regain tests), all positive results should be confirmed on a second sample with supplementary tests.
		Re-infection or relapse of syphilis should be considered where the reagin titre increases 4-fold.
	www.guideline.gov /summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=3440 (2122 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 13, Ch. 164, Sexually Transmitted Diseases
		The VDRL test is a flocculation test for syphilis in which reagin antibody (not to be confused with the reaginic antibodies that mediate allergy) in the patient's serum reacts visibly with cardiolipin, the antigen.
		Benign tertiary syphilis is treated in the same way as latent syphilis; penicillin-intolerant patients treated with erythromycin should receive a second course of erythromycin at the same dosage 3 mo later.
		Because patients with syphilis beyond the primary stage and with coexistent HIV infection have increased complication rates, they should be routinely examined for evidence of neurosyphilis and ocular syphilis, and treatment regimens should be adjusted accordingly.
	www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section13/chapter164/164d.jsp (3452 words)

	Home
		Venereal Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by the Treponema pallidum bacterium.
		Venereal syphilis tends to prevail in colder urbanized populations where the likelihood of anonymous sexual contact is higher.
		Acquired syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that has three distinct phases each with its own unique array symptoms.
	plaza.ufl.edu /carter37/project.html (393 words)

	Syphilis
		Syphilis, which swept through Europe in a devastating epidemic during the late 15th century, is now readily treated with antibiotics.
		Syphilis, which is known as the great imitator because it mimics so many other diseases, is making its strongest comeback in 40 years in the U.S..
		A pregnant woman with syphilis can transmit the disease to her unborn child, who may be born with serious mental and physical problems.
	ww2.fox11az.com /Global/story.asp?S=1230436 (1136 words)

	[No title]
		Syphilis is transmitted from the mother to the fetus via the placenta.
		The congenital syphilis rate in the United States peaked in 1991 at 107.3 cases per 100,000 live births and has since declined 88 percent to 13.4 cases per 100,000 live births in 2000.
		Congenital and acquired syphilis may be difficult to distinguish when a child is seropositive after infancy.
	espanol.lycos.com /info/syphilis--rates.html (577 words)

	Statens Serum Institut - News - EPI-NEWS - EPI-NEWS 2002 - No. 26 - 33
		The two cases of congenital syphilis were respectively an adoptive child from India and a child born in Denmark to a foreign woman living here, who was not serologically investigated for syphilis during pregnancy.
		Syphilis (acquired or congenital) must be notified on form 1510.
		In the year 2000-2001 a total of 36 cases of syphilis was notified, this corresponds to 34% of diagnosed cases.
	www.ssi.dk /sw1236.asp (611 words)

	Handbook of Ocular Disease Management - Syphilis
		Syphilis is a multi-system, multi-symptom disorder that occurs primarily through sexual transmission, though the disease can be spread through blood transfusion and direct contact with an infected lesion.
		In cases of congenital syphilis, the patient may manifest Hutchinson's triad (interstitial keratitis, deafness and malformed teeth), osteochondritis (inflammation of both bone and cartilage), chorioretinitis, hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of the liver and spleen), and anorexia.
		Syphilis is caused by the spirochete bacteria, Treponema pallidum.
	www.revoptom.com /handbook/sect7f.htm (813 words)

	Syphilis
		The national goal is to reduce primary and secondary syphilis to fewer than 1000 cases (a rate of 0.4 per 100,000 population) and to increase the number of syphilis-free counties to 90% by 2005.
		Latent syphilis acquired in the preceding year is referred to as early latent syphilis; all other cases of latent syphilis are referred to as late latent syphilis.
		Syphilis in Children: Current recommendations for the treatment of children with syphilis are summarized in TABLE 4.
	www.uspharmacist.com /oldformat.asp?url=newlook/files/feat/syphilis.htm (2813 words)

	Syphilis - Patient UK
		Common in early syphilis but is usually not important unless there is neurological or ophthalmic involvement or in pregnancy when it may cause fetal distress and premature labour.
		Congenital syphilis diagnosed in an older child or in adulthood should be managed as for late syphilis.
		Despite centuries of research the origin of syphilis has been a mystery, medical writers of the 15th and 16th centuries blaming the sailors of Columbus for bringing it back to Europe from America, at a time when most europeans were blaming each other, calling it the Venetian, Naples, or French disease.
	www.patient.co.uk /showdoc/40000399 (1745 words)

	CASE 15 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		CASE 15—SECONDARY SYPHILIS PRESENTING AS Reticulate, or net-like, hyperpigmentation is a characteristic manifestation of several cutaneous disorders, including Dowling-Degos disease (DDD), reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAK), reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi (RAD), and confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud (CRP).
		Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete, Treponema pallidum.
		The myriad of clinical patterns seen in secondary syphilis has led to this stage of the disease being known as “the great imitator.” Some of the clinical patterns include maculopapular syphilid, impetiginous syphilid, papulosquamous syphilid, papillomatous syphilid, palmoplantar syphilid (“copper pennies”), pustular syphilid, ulcerous syphilid, condyloma lata, and patchy (“moth-eaten”) alopecia.
	www.med.wayne.edu /dermatology/MichDerm03/case_15diagnosis.htm (474 words)

	eMedicine - Syphilis : Article by Muhammad Waseem, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Race: Syphilis has no racial predilection, although its incidence appears to correlate with the socioeconomic factors that contribute to disease prevalence among the poor, the urban, and the overcrowded, in whom drug use and the exchange of sex for drugs may be more common.
		Cardiovascular syphilis refers to aortic dilatation due to medial necrosis of the aorta; the essential signs are aortic insufficiency or saccular aneurysm of the aorta.
		Routine prenatal screening for syphilis remains the most important factor in identifying infants at risk of developing congenital syphilis; screening is required legally at the beginning of prenatal care in all states.
	www.emedicine.com /PED/topic2193.htm (5786 words)

	"Acquired Syphilis in Adults: Interactions Between Syphilis and HIV" Infection
		HIV infection and syphilis interact in a number of ways, write Edward W. Hook and Christina M. Marra of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Md. Syphilitic genital ulcers may facilitate the transmission of HIV.
		Case reports indicate that, compared with the clinical manifestations of syphilis in persons who are not coinfected, those patients coinfected with HIV may have an accelerated course of disease.
		Also, patients with HIV who do not have syphilis are more likely that those not infected with HIV to have false positive reaginic syphilis tests, possibly because of the early presence of apolyclonal B-cell in HIV infection.
	www.aegis.com /news/ads/1992/ad920893.html (499 words)

	Syphilis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Syphilis is a contagious, systemic disease exhibiting protean signs and symptoms, and caused by Treponema pallidum, subspecies pallidum (family Spirochaetaceae).
		Syphilis is most contagious within the first 4 years after primary infection, and typically follows exposure to a moist lesion (chancre, mucous patch, or condyloma lata).
		Late (Tertiary) syphilis is a progressive process which may be apparent or inapparent, and is associated with aortitis, neurosyphilis, or gumma formation.
	www.ccm.lsuhsc-s.edu /bugbytes/Volume2/bb-v2n8.htm (439 words)

	SYPHILIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In early syphilis (primary, secondary, early latent), the disease is infectious and it is important to seek the recent sexual contact.
		Congenital syphilis is transmitted in utero after the first 16 weeks of pregnancy, therefore it is usually not a cause of abortion during the first trimester.
		In late syphilis, spouse or regular sex partners should be screened, and in mother, her children as well.
	www.hkmj.org.hk /skin/syphilis.htm (2131 words)

	Syphilis
		Syphilis is a complex sexually transmitted disease that has a highly variable clinical course.
		Latent syphilis is subdivided into early, late, and unknown categories based on the duration of infection.
		For reporting purposes, congenital syphilis includes cases of congenitally acquired syphilis among infants and children as well as syphilitic stillbirths.
	www.mchd.com /Syphilis/MCHDSE/SyphCase.htm (1225 words)

	Syphilis in Denmark—Outbreak among MSM in Copenhagen, 2003-2004
		In Denmark syphilis is a mandatory notifiable disease with universal reporting from all clinics and physicians.
		The case definition is the Latin term syphilis acquisita recens (recently acquired syphilis), including primary, secondary, and early latent (duration less than two years) syphilis (from Official Statement of the Danish Ministry of the Interior and Health, April 2000).
		During the outbreak, 70% of the cases were acquired domestically, compared with 65% of the cases in the earlier period.
	www.eurosurveillance.org /em/v09n12/0912-229.asp (2021 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		transplacental spirochetemia and are analogous to the secondary stage of acquired syphilis.
		Congenital syphilis (CS) is a multiorgan infection that may cause neurologic or musculoskeletal disabilities or death in the fetus or newborn.
		Late manifestations of congenital syphilis Are the result of scarring from the early systemic disease and include involvement of the teeth, bones, eyes, and gummas in the viscera, skin, or mucous...
	www.kiesgroup.de /9315 (339 words)

	Diagnosis and Management: Notification
		Syphilis may be congenital (acquired in utero) or acquired (acquired by sexual or other physical contact with an infected individual).
		Acquired syphilis may be primary (chancre at site of inoculation), secondary (classical features include fever, lymphadenopathy, symmetrical maculo-papular rash, patchy alopecia, condylomata lata), latent (a quiescent stage with no signs of disease) or tertiary (comprising benign, cardiovascular, neurosyphilis).
		Syphilis may be described as early or late, which are synonymous with infectious and non-infectious, respectively.
	www.stdservices.on.net /management/appendices/notification.htm (1151 words)

	Syphilis, Congenital
		Congenital Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by a spirochete (treponema pallidum) acquired by the fetus in the uterus before birth.
		Congenital Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the spirochete treponema pallidum and transmitted by an infected mother to the fetus in the womb.
		Bejel, or endemic syphilis, is an infectious disease caused by an organism (treponema pallidum II) related to and identical in appearance to that causing venereal syphilis.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord841.htm (1464 words)

	Oral manifestation of tertiary syphilis
		Currently, tertiary syphilis is rarely seen; however, this case emphasizes that it still exists and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory oral lesions.
		In this report, we describe a case of benign tertiary syphilis represented by a solitary lesion of the tongue which was difficult to diagnose because it seldom occurs.
		In the present case, the nodular lesion observed in the dorsum surface of the tongue was an expression of “gummatous inflammation” of tertiary syphilis.
	www.forp.usp.br /bdj/bdj10(2)/t09102/t09102.html (1948 words)

	Tuskegee Syphilis & US Plutonium Experiments on Civilians (Morgana's Observatory)
		Congenital syphilis is transmitted to the fetus from the infected mother when the spirochete penetrates the placenta.
		Syphilis is a systemic disease, involving tissues throughout the body.
		The men, the most educated of whom completed 7th grade, were told they were being treated for "bad blood," a term the white doctors claimed was a synonym for syphilis in the fl community.
	www.dreamscape.com /morgana/adrastea.htm (2326 words)

	Statens Serum Institut - News - EPI-NEWS - EPI-NEWS 2003 - No. 37
		There were 63 cases of syphilis detected in 2002, compared with 34, 54, and 51 in 1999, 2000 and 2001 respectively, EPI-NEWS 34/00 and 26-33/02.
		Cases of acquired syphilis were detected in almost all Danish counties and, as previously, by far the highest frequency (47%) was in Copenhagen Municipality, table 2.
		In 2002, 34 cases of syphilis were notified, 31 men and three women, corresponding to a notification rate of 54% of diagnosed cases.
	www.ssi.dk /sw6499.asp (657 words)

	Press Release -Syphilis Rates on the Rise in Orange County
		This increase appears to be continuing into 2001, with 18 cases of recently acquired syphilis infection reported to the Orange County Health Care Agency through March, twice the number reported in the first three months of 2000.
		Syphilis, if caught early, can be successfully treated.
		Initially, syphilis may cause a genital lesion followed in a few weeks by a body rash.
	www.ochealthinfo.com /press/2001/0607bnr.htm (535 words)

	eMedicine - Syphilis : Article by Brian Swan, MD
		Syphilis is characterized by episodes of active disease (primary, secondary, tertiary stages) interrupted by periods of latency.
		Syphilis is transmitted in 2 ways, either from intimate contact with infectious lesions (most common) or blood transfusions (blood collected during early syphilis), or it is transmitted transplacentally from an infected mother to her fetus.
		The most common presentation of meningovascular syphilis (diffuse inflammation of the pia and arachnoid along with widespread arterial involvement) is an indolent stroke syndrome involving the middle cerebral artery.
	www.emedicine.com /derm/topic413.htm (4013 words)

	HPA \| Syphilis \| Toolkit for managing outbreaks & other acute incidents of infectious syphilis
		Syphilis is one of a group of diseases caused by spirochete organisms of the genus Treponema.
		Acquired syphilis is divided into early (primary, secondary and early latent =< 2 years of infection) and late (late latent > 2 years, tertiary) syphilis.
		Serology remains the mainstay of laboratory testing for syphilis, except during the very early stage of infection when direct detection of treponemes in material from lesions by darkground or fluorescent microscopy.
	www.hpa.org.uk /infections/toolkit/managingsyphilis.htm (730 words)

	Bejel
		Also known as endemic syphilis, the symptoms of Bejel occur in gradual stages, the late stage being the most severe.
		This disease, which typically affects children, may be acquired by direct, nonsexual contact with infected people (i.e., skin contact) or by sharing eating utensils.
		Acquired Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum.
	hw.healthdialog.com /kbase/nord/nord124.htm (932 words)

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