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Topic: Acrosome reaction

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	PubMed medline query "Template"
		The role of carbohydrates in the induction of the acrosome reaction in mouse spermatozoa.
		Progesterone-induced acrosome reaction in stallion spermatozoa is mediated by a plasma membrane progesterone receptor.
		Zona pellucida as physiological trigger for the induction of acrosome reaction.
	embryology.med.unsw.edu.au /Refer/week1/acrosome2list.htm (1020 words)

	Acrosome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is a cap-like structure derived from the Golgi apparatus.
		As the sperm approaches the egg, the membrane surrounding the acrosome fuses with the plasma membrane of the sperm, exposing the contents of the acrosome and rendering the sperm capable of fusing with the egg.
		In mammals the acrosome reaction releases hyaluronidase and acrosin; their role in fertilization is not yet clear.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Acrosome (263 words)

	International Society of Andrology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This session was devoted to the different methods for evaluating acrosome reaction, the origin and consequences of acrosomal dysfunctions and in vivo and in vitro modulation of acrosome reaction.
		In his opinion, the ideal assay should clearly identify the early stages of acrosome reaction, be readable in brightfield microscopy or flow cytometry and should not alter sperm function in order to be able to combine motility evaluation with acrosomal status assessment.
		Acrosome plays an essential role in the fertilizing process and thus is a good candidate for contraception purposes.
	www.andrology.org /Members/janos/spermatology/1996020102/view (1579 words)

	The sperm cells meet the oocyte - the acrosome reaction
		During the acrosome reaction the contents of the acrosome are released outwardly.
		A prerequisite for the success of the acrosome reaction is the previous binding of the spermatozoon to the pellucid zone.
		When the acrosome reaction has been completed, the spermatozoon is now covered at its upper end only by the former inner membrane of the acrosome.
	www.embryology.ch /anglais/dbefruchtung/akrosom02.html (406 words)

	Tribulus terrestris & Protodioscin Study - Acrosome Reaction & Sperm Motility
		The percentage of the sperm with normal acrosome reaction was also increased, whereas the percentage of immotile sperm decreased significantly.
		Another useful analysis of sperm viability is the efficiency of acrosome reaction, which is extremely important for fertilization in vivo and in vitro.
		The zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa is mediated by protein kinases.
	www.libilov.com /en/clinical_studies/study_Setiawan_1996.htm (3512 words)

	Role of the Sea Urchin Sperm Agglutinin (Fertilizin) in Inducing the Acrosome Reaction in Sea Urchin Sperm -- GREGG 20 ...
		Role of the Sea Urchin Sperm Agglutinin (Fertilizin) in Inducing the Acrosome Reaction in Sea Urchin Sperm -- GREGG 20 (2): 338 -- Biology of Reproduction
		Role of the Sea Urchin Sperm Agglutinin (Fertilizin) in Inducing the Acrosome Reaction in Sea Urchin Sperm
		acrosome reaction inducing substance in egg jelly were compared.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/abstract/20/2/338 (185 words)

	Regulation of acrosome reaction of fowl spermatozoa: evidence for the involvement of protein kinase C and protein ...
		Regulation of acrosome reaction of fowl spermatozoa: evidence for the involvement of protein kinase C and protein phosphatase-type 1 and/or -type 2A -- Ashizawa et al.
		Regulation of acrosome reaction of fowl spermatozoa: evidence for the involvement of protein kinase C and protein phosphatase-type 1 and/or -type 2A
		was observed in the acrosome reaction in the presence of Ca and IPVL.
	www.reproduction-online.org /cgi/content/abstract/131/6/1017 (374 words)

	Handbook of Andrology
		The acrosome reaction is a Ca2+-stimulated exocytosis involving reorganization of the membranes in the head of the spermatozoan.
		The acrosomal contents are a rich source of enzymes, including hyaluronidase and the protease, acrosin, that may function in penetration of the sperm through the egg investments.
		The newly exposed inner acrosomal membrane represents a further source of molecules that could be involved in digestion of a pathway for the sperm though the egg investments or in binding sperm to the zona pellucida.
	www.andrologysociety.com /resources/handbook/ch.11.asp (1185 words)

	Fertilization: Sperm/Egg Recognition and Contact
		This is facilitated by the acrosome reaction, in which the membranes enclosing the acrosome are shed, releasing the contents of the acrosome.
		In sea urchins, the acrosome reaction is stimulated by contact with the egg jelly coat.
		Although fusion is known to be facilitated by the acrosome reaction, the actual mechanism of fusion is unclear.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~browder/fertiliz.html (1549 words)

	Sperm receptor
		Using EGTA to prevent the acrosome reaction and the ionophore A23187 to induce the event, acrosome-reacted and acrosome-intact sperm were obtained from mice.
		Once the acrosome reaction has taken place resulting in the loss of the plasma membrane at the anterior portion of the sperm head, binding of ZP3 can no longer occur as observed with the acrosome-intact sperm.
		The prevailing view is that this binding may actually reflect binding of ZP2 to the inner acrosomal membrane of sperm heads in the process of undergoing the acrosome reaction.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~browder/zonafunction.html (994 words)

	Acrosome Reaction -3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The acrosomal outer membrane is tightly apposed to the overlying plasma membrane.
		Left: the acrosome reaction occurs through the fusion between the acrosomal outer membrane at its peripheral margin and the overlying plasma membrane, resulting in the formation of the hybrid flat sac.
		The acrosomal inner membrane is exposed and is contiguous with the plasma membrane enclosing the apex.
	www.nsc.nagoya-cu.ac.jp /~fukumoto/wwwdata/ASR3.htm (220 words)

	Acrosome - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		In sperm cells of many higher animals, the acrosome develops over the anterior half of its head.
		In Eutherian mammals, acrosome formation is completed during testicular maturation.
		The acrosome contains digestive enzymes (including hyaluronidase and acrosin) needed to penetrate the zona pellucida covering the ovum.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Acrosome (161 words)

	Rab3A Triggers the Acrosome Reaction in Permeabilized Human Spermatozoa -- Yunes et al. 62 (4): 1084 -- Biology of ...
		The percentage of spontaneous acrosome reactions observed under the control condition (incubation in the absence of acrosome reaction stimulatory reagents) was subtracted from all values, and it ranged between 19% and 30%.
		The percentage of spontaneous acrosome reactions observed under the control condition (incubation in the absence of any reagent) was subtracted from all values, and it ranged between 20% and 30%.
		The percentage of spontaneous acrosome reactions observed under the control condition (incubation in the absence of any reagent) was subtracted from all values, and it ranged between 21% and 34%.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/62/4/1084 (4322 words)

	Proteases are not involved in the membrane fusion events of the lysolecithin-mediated guinea pig sperm acrosome ...
		Proteases are not involved in the membrane fusion events of the lysolecithin-mediated guinea pig sperm acrosome reaction -- Flaherty and Swann 104 (1): 163 -- Journal of Cell Science
		Proteases are not involved in the membrane fusion events of the lysolecithin-mediated guinea pig sperm acrosome reaction
		The guinea pig sperm acrosome reaction is characterized by a complex
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/104/1/163 (285 words)

	[Frontiers in Bioscience 5, e110-123, November 1, 2000]
		Physiological acrosome reaction occurs upon interaction of the spermatozoon with the zona pellucida protein ZP3.
		This is followed by liberation of several acrosomal enzymes and other constituents that facilitate penetration of the zona and expose molecules on the sperm equatorial segment that allows fusion of sperm membrane with the oolemma.
		Characterization of sperm receptors to physiological inducers of acrosome reaction is in progress.
	www.bioscience.org /2000/v5/e/baldi/list.htm (333 words)

	Infotrieve Online
		The objective of the present study was to examine the expression of ANP and its receptors in pig spermatozoa and oviduct, and the effect of ANP on pig spermatozoa function.
		Incubation with ANP for 1 h significantly induced acrosome reaction of preincubated spermatozoa, and maximal response of acrosome reaction (34.1 +/- 2.3%) was achieved at 1 nM ANP treatment.
		These results suggest that the expression of ANP in the oviduct may be involved in the regulation of the acrosome reaction and the fertilising ability of pig spermatozoa, and the PKG pathway possibly participates in the process.
	www4.infotrieve.com /newmedline/detail.asp?NameID=16731781&Session=&searchQuery=Wang&count=124892 (456 words)

	Welcome to Humana Press
		The sperm acrosome reaction (AR) is an exocytotic event that involves multiple fusions between the outer acrosomal membrane and the overlying plasma membrane.
		Acrosin (E.C. 3.4.21.10), an endoprotease with a trypsinlike substrate specificity, is localized in the acrosomal matrix as an enzymatically inactive zymogen, proacrosin, that is converted into the active form as a consequence of the acrosome reaction.
		At the acrosome reaction, acrosin serves a role by accelerating the dispersal of acrosomal components and further by assisting the sperm penetration of the ZP.
	www.humanapress.com /ChapterDetail.pasp?isbn=1-59259-744-0&ccode=1-59259-744-0:135&returntoisbn=1-58829-121-9 (300 words)

	Male Infertility: Acrosome Reaction
		Often part of a sperm penetration assay, an acrosome reaction test assesses just how well sperm are able to perform during the fertilization process.
		If a lack of acrosome reaction is found to be the cause of male infertility, then the most effective infertility treatments would be ICSI, as this would by-pass the natural penetration of sperm by injecting a sperm cell directly into the egg, or sperm donation.
		The acrosome reaction assay can be rather expensive and offers limited information as to a man's fertility.
	sharedjourney.com /define/mcp.html (469 words)

	Igitur - Utrecht Publishing & Archiving Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The site of capacitation in vivo is the oviduct or the uterus, depending on the species, and that of the acrosome reaction is the zona pellucida.
		Since the report of the presence of progesterone binding sperm proteins, conveniently termed progesterone receptors, on the plasma membrane, progesterone induced sperm acrosome reaction has attracted a great deal of attention.
		Novel flow cytometry-based techniques for evaluating capacitation and acrosome reaction have been described, and a new parameter to predict male fertility, based on exposure of progesterone receptor, has been proposed.
	www.igitur.nl /igiturarchief/arch_abstract.php?reckey=dsp1600 (199 words)

	Capacitation and Induction of the Acrosome Reaction in Bull Spermatozoa With Norepinephrine -- Way and Killian 23 (3): ...
		increase in motility and acrosome reactions, and hamster spermatozoa
		an inhibitory ß-adrenergic receptor, and the acrosome reactions
		Taurine and hypotaurine: their effects on their motility, capacitation and the acrosome reaction of hamster in vitro and their presence in sperm reproductive tract fluids of several mammals.
	www.andrologyjournal.org /cgi/content/full/23/3/352 (3107 words)

	Vacquier LABORATORY \| papers 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Structural requirements for species-specific induction of the sperm acrosome reaction by sea urchin egg sulfated fucan.
		Egg fucose sulfate polymer, sialoglycan, and speract all trigger the sea urchin sperm acrosome reaction.
		High molecular mass egg fucose sulfate polymer is required for opening both Ca channels involved in triggering the sea urchin sperm acrosome reaction.
	vacquierlab.ucsd.edu /papers02.html (151 words)

	Acrosin Accelerates the Dispersal of Sperm Acrosomal Proteins during Acrosome Reaction -- Yamagata et al. 273 (17): ...
		The acrosome reaction of sperm, a fusion (vesiculation) event between the overlying plasma and outer acrosomal membranes,
		To elucidate the role of acrosin in fertilization, we have examined the involvement of acrosin in the acrosome reaction of
		The number of sperm, which still contained the antigens recognized by the antibodies in the acrosome, in spite of the fact that they were acrosome-intact, initiated the acrosome reaction, or had already acrosome-reacted (fl arrowheads in Fig.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/273/17/10470 (4018 words)

	Spermatozoa of the Shrew, Suncus murinus, Undergo the Acrosome Reaction and Then Selectively Kill Cells in Penetrating ...
		The slight loosening of the sperm plasma membrane from the outer acrosomal membrane over the bound surface indicates that binding has occurred by way of the designated ventral side of the acrosome [18].
		The sperm plasma membrane (Pm) and outer acrosomal membrane (Oam) appear to have begun to fuse and vesiculate (arrowheads) on the bound surface and are difficult to distinguish clearly from the cumulus cell plasma membrane there.
		that is responsible for induction of the acrosome reaction.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/65/2/544 (5220 words)

	A Homologue of Pancreatic Trypsin Is Localized in the Acrosome of Mammalian Sperm and Is Released During Acrosome ...
		A Homologue of Pancreatic Trypsin Is Localized in the Acrosome of Mammalian Sperm and Is Released During Acrosome Reaction -- Ohmura et al.
		A Homologue of Pancreatic Trypsin Is Localized in the Acrosome of Mammalian Sperm and Is Released During Acrosome Reaction
		in the sperm acrosome and is released during the acrosome reaction.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/274/41/29426 (4684 words)

	Disruption of Mouse CD46 Causes an Accelerated Spontaneous Acrosome Reaction in Sperm -- Inoue et al. 23 (7): 2614 -- ...
		The acrosome reaction is a prerequisite for sperm to fertilize
		Sperm from beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase-null mice are refractory to ZP3-induced acrosome reactions and penetrate the zona pellucida poorly.
		Alkalinization of acrosome measured by GFP as a pH indicator and its relation to sperm capacitation.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/23/7/2614 (5605 words)

	Sperm Attachment and Acrosome Reaction on the Egg Surface of the Polychaete, Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus -- Sato and ...
		Sperm Attachment and Acrosome Reaction on the Egg Surface of the Polychaete, Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus -- Sato and Osanai 178 (2): 101 -- The Biological Bulletin
		Sperm Attachment and Acrosome Reaction on the Egg Surface of the Polychaete, Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus
		inducer of the acrosome reaction are involved in the PTA-positive layer.
	www.biolbull.org /cgi/content/abstract/178/2/101 (248 words)

	CiteULike: Tag acrosome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Intracellular events and signaling pathways involved in sperm acquisition of fertilizing capacity and acrosome reaction.
		Aminopeptidase-like protease released from oocytes affects oocyte surfaces and suppresses the acrosome reaction in establishment of polyspermy block in oocytes of the mussel Mytilus edulis.
		GPI-anchored aminopeptidase is involved in the acrosome reaction in sperm of the mussel mytilusedulis.
	www.citeulike.org /tag/acrosome (386 words)

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