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Topic: Act of Supremacy 1536

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	Penal Laws
		The chief effect of this latter act was to cause the oath to be offered to all persons over eighteen, and to empower the committal to prison of any recusant married woman, unless her husband paid 10 pounds a month for her liberty.
		For some time these Acts and proclamations were not rigorously enforced; but after 1570, when Elizabeth was excommunicated by the pope, toleration ceased; and the hunting down of the Earl of Desmond, the desolation of Munster, the torturing of O'Hurley and others, showed how merciless the queen and her ministers could be.
		Lord Baltimore, refusing as a Catholic to acknowledge the ecclesiastical supremacy of the king, in 1628 was denied temporary residence in the colony.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/l/laws,penal.html (6001 words)

	The Act of the six Articles
		Although the Injuntions of 1536 and 1538 suggest that Henry VIII was influenced by the New Learning, the Statute of the Six Articles, passed in 1539, shows that he was nevertheless prepared to enforce under heavy penalties the fundamental doctrines of the Church.
		An Act of 1533 repealed the Act of 1401, and so deprived the bishops of their power to arrest on suspicion; but it confirmed the Act of 1414, and so made it necessary for proceedings in heresy cases to begin by indictment.
		An Act of 1533 also furnishes a kind of negative definition of heresy, for it provides that speaking against the authority of the Pope, or or against spiritual laws made by' the see of Rome repugnant to the laws of the realm or the authority of the King, shall not be deemed heresy.
	www.tudorplace.com.ar /Documents/act_six_articles.htm (818 words)

	Henry VIII, king of England. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In 1534 the breach with Rome was completed by the Act of Supremacy, which made the king head of the Church of England (see England, Church of).
		Any effective opposition was suppressed by the Act of Succession entailing the crown on Henry’s heirs by Anne, by an extensive and severe Act of Treason, and by the strict administration of the oath of supremacy.
		In 1536, Anne Boleyn, who had given birth to Elizabeth (later Elizabeth I) but failed to have a male heir, was convicted of adultery and incest and beheaded.
	www.bartleby.com /65/he/Henry8Eng.html (1416 words)

	Acts of Supremacy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		1) was an Act of the Parliament of England under King Henry VIII of England declaring that he was 'the only supreme head on earth of the Church in England' and that the English crown shall enjoy "all honours, dignities, preeminences, jurisdictions, privileges, authorities, immunities, profits, and commodities to the said dignity".
		The act was a result of Henry's desire for an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, which Pope Clement VII had refused to grant.
		The second Act of Supremacy was the reinstatement of the original Act of Supremacy 1534.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Act_of_Supremacy_1536 (422 words)

	Timelines - Break with Rome
		Acts were passed by Parliament to remedy abuses by the church.
		This Act was introduced to exclude Mary from the succession and settle it instead on the children born from his marriage to Anne.
		The act stated that the king was to become Supreme Head of the Church of England and would have the power to visit, redress, reform, correct or amend all errors, heresies and enormities which would previously have been dealt with by another spiritual authority.
	www.historyonthenet.com /Chronology/timelinebreakrome.htm (3117 words)

	[No title]
		But for the present England retains her supremacy as the great carrier and distributor of the productions of the earth,--a fact which has had a very decided influence on her history, and on her relations with other nations, both in peace and war.
		Acting on this resolution, they accordingly invited a band of sea rovers to come and help them against the Picts and Scots.
		It acted as a supreme court of justice both in civil and criminal cases.
	hcoop.net /~ntk/englishhistory.txt (20940 words)

	English Reformation Sources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Abjuration of Papal Supremacy by the Convocation of Canterbury, 1534
		Act for the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries, 1536
		Act for the Dissolution of the Greater Monasteries, 1539
	members.shaw.ca /reformation (218 words)

	SparkNotes: Henry VIII: Important Terms, People, and Events
		She was tried and beheaded for treason in May 1536, after having allegedly betrayed the king in several extramarital affairs.
		Act of Appeals - 1533 motion by Henry, passed by Parliament, which prohibited defendants in England's church courts to appeal their cases to Rome, effectively cutting of all legal ties to the Roman Catholic Church.
		Act of Supremacy - 1534 act in Parliament which declared Henry VIII the Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England, formalizing the nation's break with the Roman Catholic Church.
	www.sparknotes.com /biography/henryviii/terms.html (2179 words)

	British Isles, 1400–1600 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		For this act, Henry is excommunicated by the pope.
		Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy, establishing the Church of England and declaring that the English monarch is its head and protector.
		Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity passed in this year reinstate Anglicanism and affirm Elizabeth's role as head of the Church of England.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/08/euwb/ht08euwb.htm (1559 words)

	Maximilian Genealogy Master Database 2000 - pafn19 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		In 1534, the Act of Supremacy recognized the Church of England as a separate institution and the king as its supreme head.
		In 1536 Catherine of Aragon died, Anne Boleyn was beheaded, Henry VIII married Jane Seymour, Wales lost its independency, the Privy Council was established and Parliament agreed the Act against the Pope's authority which makes the monarch the head of the English church.
		Jane's one memorable act in the 17 months she was queen was to effect a reconciliation between Henry and his daughter Mary, whom she had known in her days as maid of honor to Catherine of Aragon.
	www.peterwestern.f9.co.uk /maximilia/pafn19.htm (5793 words)

	The Act of Succession, 1534.
		On 23 March, 1534, Parliament passed the Act of Succession, vesting the succession of the English Crown in the children of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.
		This act, effectively, set Princess Elizabeth first in line for the throne, declaring Princess Mary a bastard.
		This Act was overridden by the Act of Succession, 1536, which made the children of Jane Seymour first in line for the throne, declaring the King's previous marriages unlawful, and both princesses illegitimate.
	www.luminarium.org /encyclopedia/firstsuccession.htm (123 words)

	STATUTES OF PARLIAMENT AND RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION IN SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURY ENGLAND by Gene Garman
		The act also dictated that no one could speak derogatorily of the uniformity prescribed in the books of common prayer and ceremony even in plays, songs, or rhymes without penalty of money or imprisonment; and, the same penalties applied to unexcused absences from church attendance on Sundays or other designated holy days.
		Like the "Act of Supremacy," which left no doubt as to from whom spiritual authority came, the "Act of Uniformity" clearly stated rules for religion which were established by law and left no room for tolerance or freedom.
		In 1661 a "Corporation Act" required all officials of cities and towns, "for preservation of the public peace both in Church and State,"17 to take the oaths of allegiance and supremacy and the sacrament of the Lord's Supper according to the rites of the Church of England.
	www.cjnetworks.com /~ggarman/relpers.html (3606 words)

	Church of England - MSN Encarta
		The acts of Parliament between 1529 and 1536 mark the beginning of the Anglican church as a national church independent of papal jurisdiction.
		Most of the ecclesiastical laws of Henry VIII were revived, an Act of Supremacy defined more cautiously the Crown’s authority in the church, and another Act of Uniformity established the use of a Book of Common Prayer that avoided the Protestant excesses of the second prayer book.
		By 1645, the Parliament party was strong enough to outlaw the use of the prayer book; in 1649, Charles I, king of England, was executed, and the monarchy was temporarily overthrown.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761578580/Church_of_England.html (1483 words)

	The Reformation In England Under Henry VIII. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The movement was transferred from Cambridge to Oxford, and that by the act of Wolsey himself in selecting some of the more promising of the young men in the former university to help fi11 up the college which he had just founded.
		His acts and his writings combine to convey the impression that his zeal so far got the better of his amiability as to pass over into a species of fanaticism.
		Cardinal Wolsey, acting under the authority of the Pope, had given an example, on a moderate scale, of suppressing monasteries; a score having been sacrificed for the founding of his colleges at Ipswich and Oxford.
	www.edwardtbabinski.us /sheldon/reformation_england.html (5779 words)

	The Norton Anthology of English Literature: The 16th Century: Topic 3: Overview
		The Act of Supremacy, passed later in the year, formally declared the king to be "Supreme Head of the Church in England" and again required an oath to this effect.
		Between 1536 and 1539 the monasteries were suppressed and their vast wealth seized by the crown.
		On Sunday, October 1, 1536, stirred up by their vicar, the parishioners of Louth in Lincolnshire, in the north of England, rose up in defiance of the ecclesiastical visitation sent to enforce royal supremacy.
	www2.wwnorton.com /college/english/nael/16century/topic_3/welcome.htm (1509 words)

	English Act of Succession - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Act made Princess Elizabeth, daughter of Anne Boleyn, the true successor to the Crown by declaring Princess Mary, daughter of Catherine of Aragon, a bastard.
		Any one who refused to take an oath was subject to a charge of treason.This Act was overridden in 1536, when Elizabeth was declared illegitimate and was stripped of the title of princess following the conviction and execution of her mother.
		With the Act of Succession of 1544, Mary and Elizabeth were reinserted into the line of succession behind their half-brother Edward, Edward's children (if any) and Catherine Parr's children (if any).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/English_Act_of_Succession (298 words)

	The Reformation
		An Act was passed that transferred all church monies that would be normally sent to Rome to the King.
		The Act also contained a clause that would allow Henry to force everyone in the land to swear an oath recognising the terms of the Act.
		This Act declared England as a sovereign state with the King as Head of both the country and the Church.
	www.historyonthenet.com /Tudors/the_reformation.htm (899 words)

	Henry VIII
		On the basis of that act, a church commission headed by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, declared the marriage of Henry and Catherine to be without legal force.
		IN acts of 1536 – 1543, Henry was able to join both countries under one system of government.
		England moved into an era of "conformity of mind" with the new royal supremacy (much akin to the absolutism of France's Louis XIV): by 1536, all ecclesiastical and government officials were required to publicly approve of the break with Rome and take an oath of loyalty.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/bios/b2henry8.htm (1289 words)

	Penal Laws
		Though the Act of Supremacy (1536) was accepted by many Irish chiefs,
		--Uniformity, the former prescribing to all officers the Oath of Supremacy, the
		Whoever refused the Oath of Supremacy was dismissed from
	www.ballyd.com /history/penal.htm (2000 words)

	Cromwell In Relation To Caldwell
		He was behind the first attacks on the papacy (1532) and the act against the payment by bishops of their first year's revenue to Rome.
		In 1534 he completed the erection of the royal supremacy with the passage of the Act of Supremacy.
		In 1536, as a newly created baron, Cromwell was also appointed the King's deputy as head of the church.
	caldwellgenealogy.com /cromwell9.html (911 words)

	Biblical Civil Government Versus the Beast; and, the Basis of Civil Resistance by Greg Price
		One act of grace and virtue is not contrary to another; resistance is in the children of God an innocent act of self-preservation, as is patient suffering, and therefore they may well subsist in one.
		The Acts Of The General Assemblies Of The Church Of Scotland: From the Year 1638 to the Year 1649 Inclusive, "A seasonable and necessary Warning and Declaration, concerning Present and Imminent dangers, and concerning duties relating thereto; from the Generall Assembly of this Kirk, unto all the Members thereof", 27 July 1649, Session 27, pp.
		The Acts Of The Generall Assemblies Of The Church Of Scotland: From the Year 1638 to the Year 1649 Inclusive, 27 July 1649, Session 27, "A seasonable and necessary Waring and Declaration, concerning Present and Imminent dangers, and concerning duties relating thereto; from the Generall Assembly of this Kirk, unto all the Members thereof", p.
	www.swrb.com /newslett/actualNLs/bibcg_gp.htm (15562 words)

	Catholic Culture : Document Library : Anglican-Catholic Relations: the Quest for Unity
		In the Act of Supremacy, King Henry VIII declared that "the king's majesty justly and rightfully is and ought to be the supreme head of the Church of England." It was not Henry's desire to establish a separate church.
		For example, in the Articles of Faith, which were issued in 1536, the Eucharistic presence was called "corporal and substantial" (although the term "transubstantiation" was not used).
		Furthermore, it affirmed that justification was attained by "contrition and faith joined with charity," images of the saints were to be retained along with seeking their intercession, and prayers for the departed were encouraged.
	www.catholicculture.org /docs/doc_view.cfm?recnum=955 (2095 words)

	Chapter 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The act reduced Catherine’s status to that of a commoner, bastardized their daughter Mary (who could not have been a legitimate Tudor heir if the marriage was never legal to begin with), and forced all male subjects take the oath of supremacy swearing allegiance to Henry and his Tudor successors.
		Although the act laid down penalties for the “malicious” denial of the Royal Supremacy, the qualification was ambivalent at best, and there was a widespread feeling that this wording applied to verbal offences as well as others more serious.
		The Act of Supremacy in 1534 was generally not a concern for the rebels.
	shakti.trincoll.edu /~jchapman/Chapter1.htm (6941 words)

	Historical Figures - Henry VIII
		Following excommunication by Rome July 11, 1533 over his divorce from Catherine (which was not sanctioned by the Pope, who was under pressure from Catherine's nephew, Charles V at the time), Henry split from the Roman Catholic Church, seized many of the Church's assets, and formed the Church of England.
		The other major achievement of Henry's reign was the Act of Union of 1536, which effectively brought Wales under English government, with the result that the first Welsh members of parliament were elected in 1542.
		For this reason (for it was not known in those days that the gender of the child is determined by the father and not the mother), Henry had his marriage with Boleyn annulled, and had her executed in 1536 on trumped up charges of adultery, and married Jane Seymour shortly afterwards.
	www.dailypast.com /historical-figures/henry-8th.shtml (1007 words)

	English Reformation Continued
		Succession Act (subjects must swear oath), Act of Supremacy (Henry declared the “only supreme head on earth of the Church of England”)
		England’s diplomatic isolation leads Henry to negotiate with Lutheran princes, 1536 acceptance of “diluted Lutheranism” (e.g.
		1536 The Pilgrimage of Grace in the North of England (ca.
	instruct1.cit.cornell.edu /Courses/hist275/March7.html (203 words)

	The Church of England in the 16th Century - Heritage Education Program - National Park Service - Cape Hatteras Group
		Urged on by his new Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, Henry began in 1536 to shut down all such institutions and quickened his pace after the Pilgrimage of Grace uprising in the North nearly dethroned him.
		The Elizabethan Settlement (1559) was her attempt to replace both the Catholic Church and her father's Church of England with a coherent "reformed Catholicism," Roman in most doctrines, but national in organization and worship.
		Her new Act of Supremacy made her "Supreme Governor," not "Supreme Head," of the Church of England.
	www.nps.gov /fora/church.htm (2089 words)

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