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Topic: Actinomyces

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Actinomyces naeslundii

Actinobacteria

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Bacteria in the human body

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	Medmicro Chapter 34
		Studies of oral disease have shown that Actinomyces are chemotactic, activate lymphocyte blastogenesis, and stimulate the release of lysosomal enzymes from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages.
		Actinomyces israelii, A gerencseriae, A georgiae, A naeslundii, A odontolyticus, A meyeri, possibly A pyogenes and P propionicus are normal inhabitants of the human mouth and are found in saliva, on the tongue, in gingival crevice debris, and frequently in tonsils in the absence of clinical disease.
		Actinomyces bovis is not found in humans and, to date, the other species described from animals, with the exception of A pyogenes, have not been found in human specimens.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch034.htm (3416 words)

	[No title]
		Although Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus are considered to be major pathogenic micro-organisms of root caries, their roles in degradation of the organic matrix components of root dentin need clarification.
		In this study we cloned and characterized the urease gene cluster of Actinomyces naeslundii, which is one of the pioneer organisms in the oral cavity and a significant constituent of supragingival and subgingival dental plaque in children and adults.
		Actinomyces naeslundii, an early colonizer of the tooth surface, may enhance subsequent colonization by Porphyromonas gingivalis which is associated with adult periodontitis.
	www.lib.umich.edu /dentlib/nihcdc/searches/tanzer/tanzerActino1a-1.txt (17606 words)

	Actinomycosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Actinomycosis is a chronic infection, commonly of the face and neck, that produces abscesses and open draining sinuses.
		Actinomyces produces disease when it is introduced into the facial tissues by trauma, surgery, or infection.
		Treatment for actinomyces is long term, with 1 to 2 months of penicillin given through a vein, followed by 6 to 12 months of penicillin taken by mouth.
	www.shands.org /health/information/article/000599.htm (398 words)

	Actinobacteria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some Actinobacteria form braching filaments, which somewhat resemble the mycelia of the unrelated fungi, among which they were originally classified under the older name Actinomycetes.
		Most members are aerobic, but a few, such as Actinomyces israelii, can grow under anaerobic conditions.
		Unlike the Firmicutes, the other main group of Gram-positive bacteria, they have DNA with a high GC-content and some Actinomycetes species produce external spores.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Actinobacteria (330 words)

	Actinomycosis of the Head and Neck
		The word Actinomyces means "ray fungus," and reflects the general belief at the time that the organism was a fungus.
		Actinomyces bovis has not been isolated in man, and is felt to be the organism responsible for "lumpy jaw" in cattle.
		Actinomyces can be cultured from 10 to 15% of normal tonsils, and several investigators have been able to culture Actinomyces from teeth.
	www.bcm.edu /oto/grand/62991.html (1597 words)

	ACTINOMYCETES
		These organisms have been shown to be higher bacteria, but they were thought to be fungi for many years because they have filamentous forms, 0.5 to 0.8 microns in diameter, which appear to branch (figure 1).
		Actinomyces are anaerobic, while Nocardia and Streptomyces are aerobic.
		In cattle, the disease is called "lumpy jaw" (figure 2) because of the huge abscess formed in the angle of the jaw.
	pathmicro.med.sc.edu /mycology/mycology-2.htm (988 words)

	Actinomycosis
		OBJECTIVE: Thoracic actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative pulmonary or endobronchial infection caused by Actinomyces israelii, a gram-positive anaerobic organism.
		PURPOSE: Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by the gram-positive anaerobic bacteria, Actinomyces israelli.
		Actinomycosis is an indolent, slowly progressive infection caused by anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria of the genus Actinomyces.
	www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/actinomycosis.html (2850 words)

	Actinomycosis
		Actinomycosis is an infection primarily caused by the bacterium Actinomyces israelii.
		Infection most often occurs in the face and neck region and is characterized by the presence of a slowly enlarging, hard, red lump.
		Actinomyces israelii is an anaerobic bacterium which means it dislikes oxygen but grows very well in deep tissues where oxygen levels are low.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/actinomycosis.jsp (732 words)

	CDC - Actinomyces Odontolyticus Bacteremia
		Batty I. Actinomyces odontolyticus, a new species of actinomycete regularly isolated from deep carious dentine.
		Actinomyces odontolyticus as a cause of brain abscess.
		Actinomyces odontolyticus isolated from the female genital tract.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EiD/vol9no12/02-0646.htm (1794 words)

	[No title]
		While Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces spp are considered to be major pathogenic microorganisms of root caries, their roles in the degradation of organic matrix components of human root dentin need clarification.
		AB - Actinomyces viscosus strains, freshly isolated from root surface caries lesions and intact root surfaces, were studied for their glycogen synthetic and degradative activities at pH 4.5, 5.0, and 7.0 in a pH-stat.
		Clues to the identity of the causative organism (e.g., draining sinus tracts and the presence of sulfur granules) are frequently absent, and cultures often fail to yield the organism.
	www.lib.umich.edu /dentlib/nihcdc/searches/tanzer/tanzerActino1bEM.txt (8607 words)

	Dr. Koop - Actinomycosis- Health Encyclopedia and Reference
		Actinomycosis is an infection caused by a bacterium called Actinomyces israelii (A. israelii).
		Actinomycosis (also known as Rivalta disease, big jaw, clams, lumpy jaw or wooden tongue) is an infection, commonly of the face and neck, that produces abscesses (collections of pus) and open-draining sinuses (tracts in the skin).
		Treatment for actinomycosis is long term, generally with up to one month of intravenous penicillin G, followed by weeks to months of penicillin taken by mouth.
	www.drkoop.com /encyclopedia/43/258.html (621 words)

	Actinomycosis of the Head and Neck
		The species actinomyces bovis was further described by Bollinger in 1876 and given the name "lumpy jaw disease" because of its presentation in cattle.
		Harz, in 1877, named the infecting organism actinomyces, which means ray fungus, reflecting the belief at the time that the organism was a fungus.
		Given the fact that Actinomyces can behave as an intracellular organism, and thus its containment would be dependent on intact T-cell function, one could theorize that this population would be more susceptible to clinical infection.
	www.bcm.edu /oto/grand/41395.html (2007 words)

	Final Diagnosis -- Case 237
		The patient was taken to surgery, and the thoracic and soft tissue components of the infection were debrided, and the patient was discharged on a 4-6 week course of IV ampicillin.
		Actinomyces species are slow-growing gram-positive filamentous rod with a tendency to grow in mycelial masses resembling sunbursts, (sulfur granules).
		Actinomyces israelii, the most common species in human infection, was first isolated by Israel in 1891, and is the most prone to formation of the characteristic sulfur granules.
	path.upmc.edu /cases/case237/dx.html (569 words)

	[No title]
		Enumeration, isolation and identification were made by use of established methods and was supplemented with a vast array of biochemical tests and gas chromatographic determination of metabolic and cellular fatty acid profiles specifically designed to identify the newly described Actinomyces spp.
		An almost unanimous Actinomyces colonizer at 2 mos was A. odontolyticus with a gradually decreasing share of 52% at 24 mos.
		According to the present study, A. odontolytius is one of the primary colonizers among Actinomyces spp.
	www.anaerobe.org /ab98/9op.doc (456 words)

	Characterization of the Fructosyltransferase Gene of Actinomyces naeslundii WVU45 -- Bergeron et al. 182 (13): 3649 -- ...
		Characterization of the Fructosyltransferase Gene of Actinomyces naeslundii WVU45
		Actinomyces naeslundii is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobe that is one of the primary colonizers of mucosal and tooth
		Genetic and physiologic characterization of urease of Actinomyces naeslundii.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/182/13/3649 (3592 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Purpose: Using PCR the contents of infected root canals and aspirates of abscesses or cellulitis of endodontic origin were evaluated for the presence of A. israelii, A. naeslundii, and A. viscosus.
		The DNA was extracted and PCR was used with a pair of universal primers for Actinomyces, and species-specific primers were used to evaluate the samples for A. israelii, A. naeslundii, and A. viscosus.
		Each of the species of Actinomyces was found in a higher percentage in infected root canals than in aspirates from abscesses or cellulitis which suggests that the root canal is the portal of entry for organisms into the periradicular tissues.
	www.dental.ufl.edu /Offices/Endo/S04_02.doc (1189 words)

	ACTINOMYCES-LIKE ORGANISMS IN WOMEN USING INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES (IUCD):14(5):Letter
		Actinomyces is an anaerobic, gram-positive genus of bacteria that exhibits filaments of varying lengths with branching evident in most strains.3 Among females using IUCD, Actinomyces-like organisms can be detected cytologically by a routine Papanicolaou stained cervical smear1,3,5 (Pap smear).
		Actinomyces-like organisms were diagnosed by the presence of dense blue or purple balls of aggregates with radiating filamentous hyphae by the use of low, high, dry and oil immersion lenses (see Figure 1).
		Actinomyces in cervical smears of women using intrauterine contraceptive devices.
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/145/lt04.html (749 words)

	Specialty Laboratories ::: we help doctors help patients
		Actinomyces is a causative organism in conjunctivitis, blepharitis, canaliculitis, dacryocystitis, keratitis and porous orbital implant.
		Patients with actinomycosis, nocardiosis and actinomycoma are seen consistently, albeit infrequently, in the United States; diagnosis can be difficult because of their resemblance to other bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal infections.
		Detection of Actinomyces israelii by direct fluorescent antibody (DFA), culture or cytology is significantly related to the use of intrauterine devices.
	www.specialtylabs.com /books/display.asp?id=280 (341 words)

	eMedicine - Actinomycosis : Article by Jorge M Quinonez, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Synonyms and related keywords: actinomycosis, actinophytosis, lumpy jaw, Actinomyces, Actinomyces israelii, A israelii, Actinomyces naeslundii, A naeslundii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, A odontolyticus, Actinomyces viscosus, A viscosus, Actinomyces meyeri, A meyeri, infections of the oral region, infections of the cervicofacial region, cervicofacial actinomycosis, thoracic actinomycosis, abdominal actinomycosis, pelvic actinomycosis
		Actinomyces grow well in enriched media with brain-heart infusion and may be aided in growth by an atmosphere of 6-10% ambient carbon dioxide.
		In general, Actinomyces species, being members of the normal flora, are agents of low pathogenicity and require disruption of the mucosal barrier to cause disease.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic26.htm (3190 words)

	Abdominal mass secondary to actinomyces infection: An unusual presentation and its treatment Sumer Y, Yilmaz Bilsel, ...
		Within a focus of suppuration groups of radiating gram-positive filamentous organisms were seen consistent with the diagnosis of actinomyces [Figure - 2].
		The close association between actinomyces infection and the use of IUD is well documented, with over 90 reported cases in the literature.
		Actinomyces is an obligate anaerobe, and requires the presence of many other types of bacteria to proliferate.
	www.jpgmonline.com /article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=2004;volume=50;issue=2;spage=115;epage=117;aulast=Sumer (1387 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		actinomycetemco´mitans a species that is found in association with species of Actinomyces in actinomycotic lesions and septicemias; the etiologic role is unclear.
		(ak”tĭ-no-mi´sēz) pl. actinomyce´tes A bacterium of the genus Actinomyces.
		Characteristics include indolent lymphadenitis of the mouth and neck (with the characteristic lumpy jaw in cattle); intraperitoneal and pelvic abscesses, including those of the liver; and sometimes lung abscesses due to aspiration.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_a_11zPzhtm (1847 words)

	Different Type 1 Fimbrial Genes and Tropisms of Commensal and Potentially Pathogenic Actinomyces spp. with Different ...
		Actinomyces naeslundii and Actinomyces viscosus are dominant commensal Actinomyces spp.
		Actinomyces cells from a 3-day culture were harvested, washed, and suspended in sterile water to a concentration of 2 × 10
		Clustering of oral strains of Actinomyces strains of human or monkey and rat or hamster origin by RFLP analyses using fimP as a probe.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/69/12/7224 (4298 words)

	Cariogenic Actinomyces Identified with a {beta}-Glucosidase-Dependent Green Color Reaction to Gardenia jasminoides ...
		Actinomyces naeslundii and Actinomyces viscosus are associated with dental caries (13, 25, 27).
		Characterization of actinomyces with genomic DNA fingerprints and rRNA gene probes.
		The diversity and distribution of the predominant ribotypes of Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 1 and 2 in samples from enamel and from healthy and carious root surfaces of teeth.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/39/8/3009 (1789 words)

	Actinomyces naeslundii: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Actinomyces naeslundii are Gram positive Gram-positive quick summary:
		Gram-positive bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by gram staining, in contrast to gram-negative bacteria, which are not affected by the...
		Mycobacterium bovis is a type of bacterium that causes tuberculosis in cattle....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/ac/actinomyces_naeslundii.htm (291 words)

	Actinomycosis
		Actinomycosis is usually caused by an anaerobic (disliking oxygen) bacterium called Actinomyces israelii, which is a common and normally nonpathogenic (not disease-causing) organism found in the nose and throat.
		And since it is normal for people to carry this organism, the infection is not contagious.
		Treatment for actinomycosis is long-term, with 1 to 2 months of penicillin given through a vein, followed by 6 to 12 months of penicillin taken by mouth.
	www.pennhealth.com /ency/article/000599.htm (432 words)

	Salivary Receptors for the Proline-rich Protein-binding and Lectin-like Adhesins of Oral Actinomyces and Streptococci ...
		Salivary Receptors for the Proline-rich Protein-binding and Lectin-like Adhesins of Oral Actinomyces and Streptococci
		Actinomyces naeslundii •; adhesins • salivary receptors • Streptococcus gordonii • Streptococcus sanguis
		Recognition of immunoglobulin A1 by oral actinomyces and streptococcal lectins.
	jdr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/83/6/505 (2701 words)

	Median Rhomboid Glossitis
		We document a case of median rhomboid glossitis with heavy colonisation by Actinomyces in a 60-year-old male.
		We propose that Actinomyces, like Candida, induces pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the mucosa of the tongue and florid inflammatory hyperplasia of the underlying connective tissue, resulting in the characteristic elevated lesion.
		Actinomyces has not earlier been implicated as a cause of median rhomboid glossitis.
	www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/median_rhomboid_glossitis.htm (978 words)

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