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Topic: Activating group

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	Organosulfur compounds - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sulfur shares the chalcogen group with oxygen and it is expected that organosulfur compounds have similarities with compounds of carbon and oxygen.
		Yet as an aromatic substituent the thio group is less effective as an activating group than the alkoxy group.
		The thiol group (R-SH) is similar to the alcohol group but sulfur in a thiol is more nucleophilic and a thiol is also more acidic.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Organosulfur_compounds (976 words)

	Advanced Topics in Java
		Activation requires that an object be associated with a VM, which may entail loading the class for that object into a VM and the object restoring its persistent state (if any).
		An activation group (one per Java VM) is the entity which receives a request to activate an object in the Java VM and returns the activated object back to the activator.
		Activation may fail for a variety of reasons: the class could not be found, the activation group could not be contacted, etc. The activate method throws UnknownObjectException if no activation descriptor for the activation identifier, id, has been previously registered with this activator.
	www.nyu.edu /classes/jcf/x52.9271_su02/handouts/x52_9271_h6c.htm (4600 words)

	Phenols - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
		The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between that of aliphatic alcohols and carboxylic acids.
		Electrophilic aromatic substitutions as the hydroxyl group is activating, for example synthesis of calixarenes
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Phenols (598 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5138037 - Process for preparing peptide synthons - *
		The present invention relates to a process for preparing optically active synthons, in which an oxygen-silylated amino acid or peptide having a protected nitrogenous group, is activated by a non-coordinated halogenated phosphorus derivative and is condensed with an N-silyl amino acid or peptide in which the acid group is protected.
		(c) condensing the activated peptide or amino acid with a peptide or an amino acid having a protected acid group and an N-silylated amine group to obtain a peptide synthon, wherein steps (a), (b) and (c) are performed in the substantial absence of a base.
		Consequently, the degree of racemization varies with the activated amino acid, the protective group, the activating reagent and the conditions of the activation reaction.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5138037.html (4090 words)

	Structure of Benzene
		When the OH group of nitric acid is involved, the OH group which is formed is a good leaving group.
		For this reason the methyl group is called an "ortho-para directing group." It "directs" the incoming electrophile to attack at the ortho and para positions relative to itself.
		Groups in which the atom directly attached to the benzene ring have a partial or complete positive charge tend to pull electrons toward themselves.
	chemistry2.csudh.edu /rpendarvis/ElAromSubst.html (1495 words)

	10th Air Base Wing Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		It was redesignated as the 73rd Reconnaissance Group in April 1943, moving to Camp Campbell Army Airfield, Ky., in June.
		The group was redesignated again in August 1943 as the 73rd Tactical Reconnaissance Group and moved to Key Field Mississippi in November of that year.
		In June 1945, the group was redesignated the 10th Reconnaissance Group.
	www.usafa.af.mil /superintendent/pa/factsheets/10abw.htm (724 words)

	1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The carbonyl group is reduced to a CH group.
		The phenyl group is an activating group and an o,p-director, so a nitro group is added to the ortho or para positions of one ring.
		In the second step the amino group is converted to a diazonium ion which is then replaced by a cyano group.
	www.du.edu /~jhornbac/organic/oldexams/f98-2/2450_3practicee2ans1.html (156 words)

	Lithioamine synthetic equivalents from dipole-stabilized carbanions
		α-Lithioamine synthetic equivalents from dipole-stabilized carbanions: the t-Boc group as an activator for α-lithiation of carbamates
		Elaboration of secondary amines by the sequence of addition of an activating group to nitrogen, α-lithiation, electrophilic substitution, and removal of the activating group to give the α-substituted amine has become a useful synthetic strategy in recent years.
		Use of the formamidine group as the activating function, discovered by Meyers and coworkers, is a notable example.
	www.combichemistry.com /chemistry-articles/carbamates.html (142 words)

	Electrophilic Substitution in Benzene, Nitrobenzene and Phenol
		The -OH group is an activating group; it contributes negative charge into the benzene ring making it even more susceptible to electrophilic attack and therefore more reactive.
		It is a deactivating group; it withdraws negative charge from the benzene making it less susceptible to electrophilic attack and therefore less reactive.
		Activating groups direct substitution to positions to 2- and 4- (and 6-) of the benzene ring.
	www.avogadro.co.uk /brief_topics/benzno2oh.htm (653 words)

	ROCO Acid-Base: Most acidic H
		The most acidic functional group usually is holding the most acidic H in the entire molecule.
		First, the groups exert a similar effect on NH acids (and the activating sequence is the same: RSO2 > RC=O > Ph).
		Second, the activating groups must be bonded directly to the OH (or NH) group in order to activate it.
	academic.reed.edu /chemistry/ROCO/AcidBase/most_acidicH.html (661 words)

	Commands Reference, Volume 3 - importvg Command
		When a volume group with file systems is imported, the /etc/filesystems file is updated with values for the new logical volumes and mount points.
		The volume group's disks must be unlocked on all systems that have the volume group varied on and operational.
		If this flag is used on a volume group where a disk may be in missing or removed state, the command may fail or the results may be inconsistent.
	www.ncsa.uiuc.edu /UserInfo/Resources/Hardware/IBMp690/IBM/usr/share/man/info/en_US/a_doc_lib/cmds/aixcmds3/importvg.htm (1176 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		All activating groups, except alkyl groups, contain a lone pair of electrons on the atom bonded to the ring.
		All deactivating groups, except the halogens, either have no lone pairs of electrons on the atom bonded to the ring, or are multiply bonded to another atom.
		If the groups direct to different positions, the orientation of the electrophile is determined by the more powerful activating group.
	www.odu.edu /sci/jadamski/notes/166.htm (169 words)

	Chemical Reactivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In the case of alcohols and ethers, a useful technique for enhancing the reactivity of the oxygen function was to modify the leaving group (OH or OR) to improve its stability as an anion (or equivalent).
		When the leaving group X carries a positive charge, as do the 4º-ammonium compounds discussed here, the inductive influence of this charge will increase the acidity of both the alpha and the beta-hydrogens.
		The favored anti orientation of the leaving group and beta-hydrogen, noted for dehydrohalogenation, is found for many Hofmann eliminations; but syn-elimination is also common, possibly because the attraction of opposite charges orients the hydroxide base near the 4º-ammonium leaving group.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~reusch/VirtualText4/amine2.htm (2691 words)

	Origins of Life
		The role of monomer structure, phosphate activating group and mineral catalysis on the formation of RNA under prebiotic and conditions is being explored.
		The phosphate activating group has an important role in the oligomer chain length and the regioselectivity of the phosphodiester bond formation.
		Adenine and its derivatives are also activating groups; the most effective being the 1- and 3-methyl derivatives of adenine.
	www.origins.rpi.edu /chem.html (1465 words)

	Sciencemadness Discussion Board - Powered by XMB
		A group is classified as activating if the ring it is attached to is more reactive than benzene, and it is classified as deactivating if the ring it is attached to is less reactive than benzene.
		For example, benzene is nitrated in less than an hour at 60 degrees Celsius by a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid; comparable nitration of nitrobenzene requires treatment at 90 degrees Celsius with fuming nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid.
		The chloro group is therefore classed as deactivating, the methyl group as activating.
	www.sciencemadness.org /talk/viewthread.php?tid=426 (1053 words)

	Glossary for Web Pages
		An electron-donating group such as hydroxyl (-OH) or an amino (-NH) that increases the reactivity of an aromatic ring toward electrophilic aromatic substitution.
		The two groups on each carbon atom are first assigned priorities according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog sequence rules, and the two carbons are then compared.
		Steric strain is responsible for the greater stability of trans versus cis alkenes and for the greater stability of equatorially substituted versus axially substituted cyclohexanes.
	www.personal.psu.edu /faculty/t/h/the1/glossary.htm (2931 words)

	Atomic Motions and Protonation Stereochemistry in Nucleophilic Additions to Bicyclobutanes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Several nucleophilic reactions on bicyclobutanes activated at the bridgehead carbon by electron withdrawing groups (SO Ph, CO Me, COPh, and CN) were performed in MeOH.
		The results for the two charge localizing groups CN and SO Ph oppose the existing knowledge regarding the protonation stereochemistry of such carbanions.
		With a charge localizing group (CN and S(H)SO) the carbanion remains pyramidal, whereas with C(H)=O as an activating group, the carbanion is nearly planar.
	pubs.acs.org /subscribe/journals/jacsat/118/i23/abs/ja960370g.html (206 words)

	Our Theory
		The amine group on Aspartic acid must be protected with Cbz and the acid group nearest the amine must be protected with benzyl as they are a reactive sites that we do not wish to react with the pheylalanine.
		A protecting group is used when there are two or more reactive sites present in a molecule, but only one is required to react.
		Typical activating groups for carboxylates are DCC with DMAP, EDCI with DMAP and BOP.
	www.fortunecity.com /campus/bethel/23/id19.htm (511 words)

	Electrophilic Substitution of Aniline
		Aniline is a base and, although the amino group is expected to be a strongly activating, ortho/para– directing group, the usual reaction media used will result in protonation to form the anilinium salt.
		To moderate this reactivity, the amino group is acetylated, rendering it sufficiently non–basic not to be protonated but still act as an ortho/para– activating group.
		Note, the anilide is still very activating and a Lewis acid is not required for bromination.
	users.ox.ac.uk /~mwalter/web_05/year2/arom2/el_sub_anilin.shtml (166 words)

	Java Remote Method Invocation: 7 - Remote Object Activation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A descriptor registered with the activation system is consulted (during the activation process) to obtain information in order to recreate/activate an object.
		for the activatable object so that it can be saved and called at a later time thus forcing the object to be created/activated for the first time.
		In order for an object to be activated, the "activatable" object implementation class (whether or not it extends the
	www.sims.berkeley.edu /~mikechen/jdk1.2/docs/guide/rmi/spec/rmi-activation.doc3.html (2091 words)

	ICA-USA> CoP> Course> Group Facilitation Methods (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Master this powerful implementation planning process which enables you to help a group rapidly pull together an effective plan, organize needed resources and mobilize individuals' energy into action.
		People who are actively involved in the leadership and facilitation of groups and teams, including supervisors, executive directors, managers, professional facilitators, private consultants, training managers, educators, health practitioners, community specialists, concerned citizens and team members in high performance environments who need increased exposure to group participation methods to be effective.
		Group Facilitation Methods is the prerequisite for many other listed courses.
	www.ica-usa.org /top/courses/crsgfm.html (269 words)

	101000 - Quiz - Organic Chemistry 354 - October 10, 2000 - Dr. Sundin - UWP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Encircle the activating groups and underline the meta directors for electrophilic aromatic substitution:
		At first glance, one expects in the nitration of phenol that the -OH group, due to the inductive effect (shown below), should be deactivating just like the -F group.
		However, -OH is, in fact, an activating group due to the resonance effect.
	www.uwplatt.edu /~sundin/354-0/5401010q.htm (164 words)

	optionbutton vb .net visual basic RadioGroup ActiveX Control for VB 6.0
		Activating one radio button will therefore switch off the previously active radio button.
		The Value property can be used to activate a radio button while its value is number of this radio button or can be used to remove a dot from a radio button.
		This property is used for managing a group of Radio Buttons by ensuring that only one button in a group is "on" at any time.
	rustemsoft.com /ActiveXs.htm (659 words)

	Keith Morran Faculty Vita: - School of Education, Indiana University
		Group work as a core modality for counseling identity: Training Implications of the revised group work standards (with D. Ward, R. Wilson & J. Wigtil).
		Group Leadership: Understanding and Activating Group Curative Factors (with Rex Stockton).
		Small counseling group processes and outcomes; interpersonal feedback exchange; and counselor thought processes and their impact on counselor performance.
	www.indiana.edu /~iuncate/facultyvita/kmorran.html (1044 words)

	T3S_org
		CH 15.4 An activating group of a benzene ring, usually is a ortho, para (o,p) director.
		CH 16.9 In the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of a aromatic compound, aryl halides cannot be used to substitute on an aromatic compound.
		CH 15.17 An activating group activates all positions of the benzene ring.
	www.clscc.cc.tn.us /courses/erowlee/ORGANICii/T3S_org.htm (1199 words)

	BIOL414/614 at UMBC - Weekly_Journal_Assignment_2
		All Groups Read _Gaudreau_et_al_1998_ and _Keaveney_and_Struhl_1998_ and be prepared to discuss them in class.
		Group 4 and 5 Each group member should find and read a different paper on Gal11 and its role in activating transcription.
		Group 6 and 7 Each member should find and read a different paper describing an example of an"activator bypass" experiment.
	www.umbc.edu /bioclass/biol414/wiki/edit.php?page=Weekly_Journal_Assignment_2 (164 words)

	Solutions to Missed Homework Problems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Both the OH and the ethyl group are activating, but the OH is much, much stronger.
		There is a leaving group so the the pi bond of the carbonyl reforms as it kicks out the leaving group.
		The ethoxy group leaves to reform the carbonyl, which then reacts with a third equivalent of Grignard reagent.
	web.uccs.edu /chemistry/organic_online332/homework.htm (923 words)

	Activity, Curriculum, and Technology Lesson Plan
		The students are familiar with these groups because they have worked together, at one time or another, all year.
		After the Activating strategy, group #1 will begin in Center A. Group #2 will begin Center B. Group #3 will begin in Center C and group #4 in Center D. Each group will stay in that center for 20-30 minutes and then rotate to the next center according to the alphabet (A-B-C-D).
		She will look at the books with students and check for understanding by talking with the group about what they are doing.
	its.guilford.k12.nc.us /act/act.asp?ID=839 (1521 words)

	Acrylic - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Acrylic, chemical name for the organic group H
		In 1983 a new method of addition polymerization called group transfer polymerization was announced.
		Most synthetic fibres are now made from petrochemicals and are giant polymers resembling plastics in structure.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Acrylic.html (80 words)

	How to Build a Phone Tree
		A phone tree is a prearranged, pyramid-shaped system for activating a group of people by telephone.
		This small group is referred to as the Key Group.
		Keep the Key Group as small as possible, since each group may be responsible for reaching people who in turn are responsible for reaching out, and so on.
	www.aauw.org /takeaction/phonetree.cfm (650 words)

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