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Topic: Activation record

	Introduction to System Software, Chapter 15
		In the context of procedures and functions, the times at which the activation records are allocated and deallocated determine the lifetimes of the local variables and whether or not the procedures or functions are allowed to be recursive.
		Activation records may be allocated by either the calling sequence or the receiving sequence, and they may be deallocated by either the return sequence or the part of the calling sequence after the
		It would be perfectly practical to allocate activation records on a heap, using general purpose allocate and deallocate routines, but calls to these routines must use a special calling sequence and their activation records must be allocated specially, since we cannot call the allocate routine in order to allocate an activation record for itself.
	www.cs.uiowa.edu /~jones/syssoft/fall00/notes/15task.html (6033 words)

	CS354 Machine Programming- Summer 2005
		Because the activation record is allocated/deallocated at the beginning/end of the procedure, it must contain space for the maximum number of outgoing parameters.
		Because the activation record size does not change in the body of the procedure, it is possible to access anything in the activation record, as well as the parameters passed to a procedure using the stack pointer.
		A compiler would either allocate an activation record that is the same size for ALL procedures (and it would contain extra, unused space for many procedures), or it would allocate an activation record that is exactly the correct size for a procedure.
	www.cs.wisc.edu /~goadl/cs354/programs/p4conventions.html (627 words)

	3.4 Activation Records
		Activation record is an appropriate name for this data structure.
		The program creates an activation record when calling (activating) a procedure and the data in the structure is organized in a manner identical to records (see "Records" on page 483).
		Perhaps the only thing unusual about an activation record (when comparing it to a standard record) is that the base address of the record is in the middle of the data structure, so you must access fields of the record at positive and negative offsets.
	webster.cs.ucr.edu /AoA/Windows/HTML/IntermediateProceduresa2.html (2190 words)

	CS 345: Programming Languages -- Activation records
		More specificly, an activation record has a set of names that are bound to values.
		Specifically, it is a pair that contains a pointer to the function's closest enclosing block (activation record) and a pointer to the function's code.
		indicates that this is activation record [1], which was created in response to the code in line (1).
	www.cs.utexas.edu /~ben/teaching/cs345_sp05/activation.html (1445 words)

	activation record from FOLDOC
		Activation records are usually created (on the stack) on entry to a block and destroyed on exit.
		If a procedure or function may be returned as a result, stored in a variable and used in an outer scope then its activation record must be stored in a heap so that its variables still exist when it is used.
		Variables in the current scope are accessed via the frame pointer which points to the current activation record.
	www.instantweb.com /foldoc/foldoc.cgi?activation+record (165 words)

	CHAPTER 9
		activation record because the data it describes are only relevant during the activation of the subprogram.
		activation record instance is a concrete example of an activation record, a collection of data in the form of an activation record.
		The dynamic chain links together all subprogram activation record instances in the reverse of the order in which they were activated.
	www.engin.umd.umich.edu /CIS/course.des/cis400/maxim/lectures/chp9.htm (519 words)

	Lecture 22 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		The format, or layout, of the noncode part of a subprogram is called an activation record, becuase the data it describes are only relevant during the activation of the subprogram.
		An activation record instance is a concrete example of an activation record, a collection of data in the form of an activation record.
		If local variables are stack-dynamic and are part of the activation records in a dynamic-scoped language, references to nonlocal variables can be resolved by searching through the activation record instances of the other subprograms that are currently active, beginning with the one most recently activated.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /~traup/sp04/lec/22.html (1089 words)

	No Title
		All variables that are non-local are in existing activation records somewhere in the stack.
		While the correct parent scope is easily determined at compile time, the most recent activation record instance of the parent scope must be found on the stack, and may not be the previous activation record.
		At the time of call, the static link of the called procedure's activation record instance is determined by moving down the static chain of the caller the number of links equal to the nesting depth computed at compile time.
	www.cs.usu.edu /~allanv/cs4700/Seb10/Seb10.html (726 words)

	COMP 311 Principles of Programming Languages (Fall 2004)
		One pointer points to a representation of the the function consisting of a record with the code for the function (or a pointer it) and a template describing the format of its activation record.
		The first strategy is to abandon the stack discipline for managing activation records by allocating activation records in the heap and relying on garbage collection to reclaim the storage occupied by activation records.
		-expression is evaluated, an activation record template is allocated and the values of the pointers to free variables are copied from the relevant activation records on stack.
	www.cs.rice.edu /~javaplt/311/Notes/05/09.html (2550 words)

	Subroutine
		An activation record typically has a return address that tells it where to pass control back to when the subprogram finishes.
		Modern languages almost invariably provide a fresh activation record for every execution of a subprogram; that way, the nested execution is free to modify its local variables without concern for the effect on other suspended executions in progress.
		In fact, this stack structure is virtually ubiquitous, and so activation records are commonly referred to as stack frames.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/su/subroutine.html (2040 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Scope (programming) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		Correct implementation of static scope in languages with first-class nested functions can be subtle, as it requires each function value to carry with it a record of the values of the variables that it depends on (the pair of the function and this environment is called a closure).
		To find an identifier's value, the program traverses the runtime stack, checking each activation record (each function's stack frame) for a value for the identifier.
		An alternate strategy that is usually more efficient is to maintain a stack of bindings for each identifier; the stack is modified whenever the variable is bound or unbound, and a variable's value is simply that of the top binding on the stack.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Scope_(programming) (1120 words)

	10.4 Algol
		The compiler designs activation records and counts the static depth at which each activation record is created.
		A variable is characterized by static depth and offset in the activation record.
		Alternatively, the display can be maintained as a static link, i.e., each new activation record uses one pointer to point to the most recent activation record of the function into which the current function is statically nested.
	www.cs.rit.edu /~ats/lp-2002-2/html/skript-66.html (229 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		It is used to destroy the present activation record.
		Handling of Activation Records works well because the last subprogram called is finished first so the last activation record is removed first.
		When the activation record for sub1 is setup, this link is placed in the static field.
	www2.cs.uregina.ca /~norma/cs440-chapter9.txt (837 words)

	[No title]
		Before being stored back in the activation record, a set must be forced back to the size allocated to it, by issuing an ADJ instruction.
		Many instructions refer to the activation record of a procedure, and this appendix assumes the reader has a general knowledge of procedure- calling in stack machines, and the concept of stack frames.
		AN ACTIVATION RECORD Figure 6 is a diagram of the activation record which is placed on the stack for COMPINIT.
	www.siconic.com /crap/pascal (7070 words)

	CS 334 Lecture 10
		Activation records can be associated with each code segment.
		Activation record pushed onto stack each time there is a procedure call.
		As a result, activation records must be allocated from a heap.
	www.cs.williams.edu /~kim/cs334.97/Lec10.html (1292 words)

	Art of Assembly Language: Chapter Twelve-2
		's activation records and one with the activation records for procedures
		Furthermore, only one set of values at any given lex level are accessible at any one time[4] and those values are always in the most recent activation record at that lex level.
		Note that as the difference between the activation records increases, it becomes less and less efficient to access global variables.
	webster.cs.ucr.edu /AoA/DOS/ch12/CH12-2.html (1703 words)

	[No title]
		Activation record of q control link to r access link to p Code Demonstrating access chaining program chain; procedure p; var x: integer; procedure q; procedure r; begin /* procedure r */ x := 2;...
		Figure 7.17 shows r's activation record staying after execution ends so when q is invoked, it cannot be placed right after s.
		Parameter passing call by value - the value is passed storage is in the activation record of the called procedure the caller evaluates and places the values in the callee operations on parameters do not effect the original value.
	www.unf.edu /public/cop4620/ree/Notes/ch7.txt (1489 words)

	v2 records - Definition and Meaning of v2 records
		1: National Archives and Records Administration(noun) 1: the in...
		word does not signify the offence of In the old records this word does not signify the offence of adulter...
		This word is used in ancient records for a moiety
	www.wordiq.com /reference/v2+records (294 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		The a and c referenced in Q are the a and c defined in MAIN's activation record.
		This means: any variables in Q are first resolved locally on Q's activation record.
		A B C ----------------- MAIN 3 4 3 --------------------- B C 3 2 S's activation record ------------------ no local variables Q's activation record ------------------ the moment before Q exits....
	www.rivier.edu /faculty/rgreene/web/cs551/stack.htm (170 words)

	22C:60 Notes, Chapter 6
		Once the called subroutine is running, it can interpret this as a pointer to the first word of its activation record, deferring the increment of the stack pointer until just before the next call, or it could increment the stack pointer as it enlarges its activation record.
		Similarly, after the division and after storing the remainder and quotient in the activation record, we have gone to memory to get a copy of the quotient when we needed to test to see if it was zero, even though register 3 still holds the right value.
		In each block of code where the stack pointer was left in a nonstandard alignment because the size of the activation record had not been subtracted from it, we had to modify the indexing displacements on every instruction that used the stack pointer.
	www.cs.uiowa.edu /~jones/assem/fall04/notes/06call.shtml (6273 words)

	[No title]
		The activation record for the constructor method is erased.
		Notice that the object at address 600 still rests in storage, even though it is impossible for the application to reference it; the object is garbage, and at a later point in the execution, the garbage collector program within the JVM will examine all of storage and erase all such unreachable objects.
		When a function is invoked in the middle of evaluating a complex arithmetic expression, the activation record for the invoked function is constructed just as if it is resting ``on the top'' of the temporary value stack.
	www.cis.ksu.edu /~schmidt/300s05/Lectures/Lecture3.html (1116 words)

	[No title]
		This offset is called the local_offset - The local_offset of a local variable can be determined by the compiler - Assuming all stack positions are the same size, the first local variable declared has an offset of three plus the number of parameters e.g.
		In MAIN_1, the local_offset of Y in A is 4 - The activation record used in the previous example supports recursion e.g.
		Determine the correct offset within that activation record instance Finding the offset is easy!
	www.cwu.edu /~schwing/cs361/ch09.ppt (505 words)

	activation record - OneLook Dictionary Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		We found 2 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word activation record:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "activation record" is defined.
		activation record : Free On-line Dictionary of Computing [home, info]
	onelook.com /cgi-bin/cgiwrap/bware/dofind.cgi?word=activation+record (81 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-22)
		The integer -- argument tells how far back to point the access link of the -- new activation record procedure push(e:environment_ptr; a:activation_ptr; i:integer) is temp:activation_ptr:=e.first; begin for ii in 1..i loop temp:=temp.access_ptr; end loop; a.access_ptr:=temp; a.control_ptr:=e.first; e.first:=a; end push; -- Initializes lists of actual parameters.
		Finally, simulate -- recursively the execution of this new function.
		-- It is assumed that the activation record for the function to be -- run has already been pushed onto the environment, but that the -- bindings of formals to actuals have not been made.
	www.mathcs.sjsu.edu /faculty/smithj/oldclass/152f96/a4/env.ada (177 words)

	Index (Expression Language)
		new block within same procedure, i.e., same activation record.
		end using an activation record, restore prior one.
		restore previous activation record from dynamic link, sent from
	www.cs.rit.edu /~ats/projects/el/doc/index-all.html (467 words)

	display - Definitions from Dictionary.com
		A vector of pointers to activation records.
		The Nth element points to the activation record containing
		of linked activation records (but most variable accesses are
	dictionary.reference.com /search?q=display (225 words)

	Just for the record re: activation - ABXZone.com Forums
		Just bought a Toshiba laptop (P3 1.1Ghz DVD/CD-RW so sweeeeeet) which came with Windows XP Home pre-installed.
		Started this puppy up - NO SERIAL - NO ACTIVATION !!!
		I just need to figure out how to extract it from the 'ghost' images on the recovery discs and I'll be able to install it on my PC as well - hopefully!
	www.abxzone.com /forums/showthread.php?t=9820 (147 words)

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