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Topic: Activator genetics

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Promoter

Lac operon

Nematode

	Activator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In proteomics, an activator is a type of effector that increases the rate of enzyme mediated reactions.
		In genetics, an activator is a DNA-binding protein that regulates one or more genes by increasing the rate of transcription.
		The Sega Activator was a motion-sensing controller for the Sega Genesis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Activator (140 words)

	Genetics
		Activator (genetics) In activator is a DNA-binding protein that regulates one or more genes by increasing the rate of tr...
		Arthur Balfour Professor of Genetics The Arthur Balfour Professorship of Genetics is one of the senior 1912.
		Ecological genetics Ecological genetics is the study of population genetics) studies wild populations of organisms.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/genetics.html (370 words)

	Medmicro Chapter 5
		The "universal" genetic code employed by most organisms (Table 1) is a triplet code in which 61 of the 64 possible trinucleotides (codons) encode specific amino acids, and any of the three remaining codons (UAG, UAA or UGA) results in termination of translation.
		The circularity of the genetic map of E coli was originally deduced from the overlapping, circularly permuted groups of linked genes that were transferred early by individual donor strains in which the F factor was integrated at different chromosomal locations.
		Transposons are important genetic elements because they cause mutations, mediate genomic rearrangements, function as portable regions of genetic homology, and acquire new genes and contribute to their dissemination within bacterial populations.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch005.htm (14969 words)

	Targeted disruption of the mouse sphingolipid activator protein gene: a complex phenotype, including severe ...
		Genetic deficiencies of SAP-B and SAP-C in man result in disorders mimicking metachromatic leukodystrophy and Gaucher disease, respectively, and several disease-causing mutations have been identified in the SAP-B domain (16 -21) and in the SAP-C domain (22,23).
		The genetic disease that occurs among the emu appears to be the only condition in which a similar abnormal brain ganglioside pattern is known (37).
		The only genetic lesion in the affected mice is the inactivation of the SAP gene and we had anticipated essentially normal or elevated activities of lysosomal enzymes as often is the case in such conditions.
	hmg.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/5/6/711 (9896 words)

	David Ginsburg
		Genetic deficiency of factor V results in a rare bleeding disorder called parahemophilia.
		We are studying genetically engineered mice deficient in LMAN1 in an effort to identify other proteins that, along with factors V and VIII, also depend on this unique intracellular pathway for their production.
		We recently showed that the bacterial protein streptokinase, an activator of plasminogen, is a key factor for the invasiveness of group A streptococci (GAS).
	www.hhmi.org /research/investigators/ginsburg.html (1291 words)

	Interactions among COX1, COX2, and COX3 mRNA-specific Translational Activator Proteins on the Inner Surface of the ...
		COX3 mRNA-specific activators Pet54p, Pet122p, and Pet494p are bound to the mitochondrial inner membrane.
		Corral-Debrinski, M., Blugeon, C., and Jacq, C. In yeast, the 3' untranslated region or the presequence of ATM1 is required for the exclusive localization of its mRNA to the vicinity of mitochondria.
		McMullin, T.W., and Fox, T.D. mRNA-specific translational activator proteins are associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/1/324 (6074 words)

	Figure - Nature Genetics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Each node in the tree consists of a regulatory gene (for example, 'Activator') and a query on its qualitative value, in which an upward arrow (red) denotes the query "is gene upregulated?" and a downward arrow (green) denotes the query "is gene downregulated?".
		In context A, the activator is not upregulated and the genes in the module are in their basal expression level (left leaf).
		In context B, the repressor is not upregulated and the activator induces expression of the module genes (center leaf).
	www.nature.com /ng/journal/v34/n2/fig_tab/ng1165_F2.html (350 words)

	SUPERHUMAN: The Online Resource For Real-Life Superheroes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		There are usually events or environments that tend to activate meta-talents.
		When the external patterns and frequencies are at resonance with the meta's chi form, the talent is activated.
		I have found that sometimes the difference in wiring is a part of being a meta, although that is certainly not always the case.
	www.superhuman.futurius.net /0039.html (1707 words)

	Repression and Activation Domains of Rme1p Structurally Overlap, but Differ in Genetic Requirements -- Blumental-Perry ...
		and the absence of RC causes activation (Covitz and Mitchell,
		Activation by lexA-Rme1p derivatives carrying different alterations in the zinc fingers (A) and in regions proximal to zinc fingers (B).
		Carlson, M. Genetics of transcriptional regulation in yeast: connections to the RNA polymerase II CTD.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/13/5/1709 (5658 words)

	A window on signaling - Nature Genetics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The focus is on mechanisms of gene activation but with numerous insights on repression.
		An activator attaches to a specific address in the genome and turns on a gene by recruiting RNA polymerase and its helpers.
		However, numerous examples of regulatory circuits, from simple gene activation to imprinting, were clearly presented and cogently linked to the concepts established in the first two chapters.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/ng/journal/v30/n3/full/ng0302-252.html (924 words)

	The Rockefeller University - Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics
		The Rockefeller University - Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics
		Chromosomal Assignments of Genes for Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Urokinase in Mouse.
		Studies on the Role of Plasminogen Activator in Ovulation: In vitro Response of Granulosa Cells to Gonadotropins, Cyclic Nucleotides, and Prostaglandins.
	www.rockefeller.edu /labheads/strickland/bio_articles.php (1678 words)

	eMedicine - GM2 Gangliosidoses : Article by Margot Kaelbling, PhD, FACMG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Hexosaminidase activator deficiency is caused by absence or defects of the hexosaminidase activator.
		All 5 infants known to be affected with hexosaminidase activator deficiency died in infancy.
		The disease and its variants are caused by the absence of or deficiency in the alpha subunit of Hex A. The severity of the disease correlates inversely with the level of Hex A activity.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic3016.htm (5187 words)

	The carboxy-terminal transcription enhancement region of the human spumaretrovirus transactivator contains discrete ...
		Mutational analysis of the region comprising residues 255 to 266 indicates that a cluster of leucine residues is critical to the function of this region.
		Gal4-Bel1 was found to activate basal transcription from the E1B TATA box at least 35-fold, and the region responsible for this activation function was localized to the carboxy-terminal 73 amino acids.
		When the transcriptional enhancement regions were tested for autonomous activator function as Gal4(1-147) chimeras, residues 272 to 300, but not 255 to 266, were found to activate transcription efficiently when targeted to the E1B TATA motif and also to HSRV and HIV-1 LTRs.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1993/sep/M9390235.html (557 words)

	UGA Genetics \| Personnel \| Norman H. Giles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The activator protein has been synthesized using a baculovirus expression vector and shown to bind principally to 14 upstream sites in the qa cluster.
		Specifically, a conserved 28 amino acid sequence in the amino terminus of the activator protein (identified by mutations affecting activator binding) recognizes a sixteen base pair sequence of imperfect dyad symmetry.
		Continuing studies should elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which the repressor and activator proteins interact to control expression of all qa genes.
	www.genetics.uga.edu /faculty/bio-giles.html (237 words)

	UM Human Genetics - Ginsburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Crosses between these mice and mice with acquired or genetically engineered defects at other relevant loci are currently being analyzed to investigate the role of the plasminogen activation system in a variety of disease processes including bacterial infection, pulmonary fibrosis and atherosclerosis.
		Finally, the laboratory is conducting genetic linkage studies to identify the genes responsible for several important human hematologic diseases.
		Genetic linkage studies of graft-vs-host disease following bone marrow transplantation has also identified a number of candidate loci that may contribute to this complex disorder.
	www.med.umich.edu /hg/RESEARCH/FACULTY/Ginsburg/Ginsburg.htm (758 words)

	Thomas Jefferson University - Farber Institute for Neurosciences
		At present we are investigating the role of growth factors and substrate inhibitors on the onset of symptoms in the mouse models.
		LSD are a group of genetic disorders cause by mutations in genes that code for proteins required for the lysosomal catabolism of naturally occurring carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
		Concentrations of an activator protein for sphingolipid hydrolysis in liver and brain samples from patients with lysosomal storage diseases.
	www.tju.edu /fin/faculty_profile.cfm?key=daw103&version=print (4417 words)

	Gene Regulation through CAP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The role of the activator protein is to alter the shape of the DNA (by twisting or bending it) so that RNA polymerase fits the promoter better.
		In the inactive state, the activator protein cannot bind to DNA, and the gene is not transcribed.
		CAP-Dependent Activation of the Lac Operon in the Absence of Glucose
	cats.med.uvm.edu /cats_teachingmod/microbiology/courses/gene_regulation/gene_expression/3.3.GRG.HUB.CAP.HTML (543 words)

	Protein Synthesis: Enzyme Regulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Genetic control of enzyme activity refers to controlling transcription of the mRNA needed for an enzyme's synthesis.
		Activators control genes that have a promotor to which RNA polymerase cannot bind.
		Animation an activator protein in the presence of an inducer.
	student.ccbcmd.edu /courses/bio141/lecguide/unit4/genetics/protsyn/regulation/regulation.html (1071 words)

	Activator-Independent Functions of the Yeast Mediator Sin4 Complex in Preinitiation Complex Formation and Transcription ...
		Data in the graphs are averages from at least four experiments, with the level of mutant transcription calculated as a percentage of wild-type transcription.
		Data shown in the graphs are the averages from at least two experiments, with the level of mutant transcription calculated as a percentage of wild-type transcription.
		A transcription reinitiation intermediate that is stabilized by activator.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/23/1/349 (6125 words)

	Nixon
		We examine the genetics and biochemistry of C4-dicarboxylate transport in Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium leguminosarum that fix nitrogen in a symbiotic relationship with the agriculturally important legumes alfalfa and peas.
		The activator, which binds and hydrolyses ATP, then stimulates a conversion of the polymerase/promoter complex from a closed form in which DNA is double stranded to an open one containing the single stranded bubble needed for transcription to initiate.
		Future experiments are intended to understand the biochemical basis for the basal and increased cooperativity, to clarify the precise role of ATP hydrolysis in the activation process, and to characterize the physical basis for signal transduction from the N-terminal domain to the rest of the activator protein.
	www.bmb.psu.edu /nixon/nixon.htm (622 words)

	Cell cycle-regulated histone acetylation required for expression of the yeast HO gene -- Krebs et al. 13 (11): 1412 -- ...
		Activation domain-specific and general transcription stimulation by native histone acetyltransferase complexes.
		Activation of the yeast HO gene by release from multiple negative controls.
		Genetic interactions between SIN3 mutations and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcriptional activators encoded by MCM1, STE12, and SWI1.
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/13/11/1412 (6034 words)

	Tissue plasminogen activator and seizures: a clot-buster's secret life -- Pawlak and Strickland 109 (12): 1529 -- ...
		Qian, Z., Gilbert, M.E., Colicos, M.A., Kandel, E.R., and Kuhl, D. Tissue-plasminogen activator is induced as an immediate-early gene during seizure, kindling and long-term potentiation.
		Tissue plasminogen activator contributes to the late phase of LTP and to synaptic growth in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway.
		Regulation of seizure spreading by neuroserpin and tissue-type plasminogen activator is plasminogen-independent.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/109/12/1529 (1897 words)

	The Heme Activator Protein Hap1 Represses Transcription by a Heme-Independent Mechanism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- ...
		The Heme Activator Protein Hap1 Represses Transcription by a Heme-Independent Mechanism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Hon et al.
		, 2001 The Hsp70-Ydj1 molecular chaperone represses the activity of the transcriptional activator Hap1 in the absence of heme.
		, H. and L., 2003 Structural environment dictates the biological significance of heme-responsive motifs and the role of Hsp90 in the activation of the heme activator protein Hap1.
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/169/3/1343 (5128 words)

	Sla1, a Schizosaccharomyces pombe Homolog of the Human La Protein, Induces Ectopic Meiosis when Its C Terminus Is ...
		Genetic analysis of the sam mutations, which induce sexual development with no requirement for nutritional starvation in fission yeast.
		Genetic and biochemical analysis of the adenylyl cyclase of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
		Genetic and biochemical analysis of the adenylyl cyclase-associated protein, cap, in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
	ec.asm.org /cgi/content/full/2/6/1274 (6121 words)

	Re: How does mRNA know when to stop making copies of DNA?
		An activator is a molecular signal in the cell telling the cell it needs to make a protein.
		The activator starts the process of specific proteins (called DNA-binding proteins) binding to the promoter region of the gene, opening this area for the RNA polymerase to begin transcribing a particular gene or set of genes to meet the needs of the cell.
		For genetic engineering to be successful, transcription must be at the right time, in the right place, in the right amount.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/dec96/851564163.Ge.r.html (338 words)

	Research - The Institute of Human Genetics - University of Newcastle
		Murdoch JN, Henderson DJ, Doudney K, Gaston-Massuet C. Phillips HM, Paternotte C, Arkell R, Stanier P, Copp AJ Disruption of scribble (Scrb1) causes severe neural tube defects in the circle tail mouse.
		Ioannides AS, Chaudhry B, Henderson DJ, Spitz L, Copp AJ Dorsoventral patterning in oesophageal atresia with tracheo-oesophageal fistula: Evidence from a new mouse model.
		Henderson DJ, Conway SJ, Copp AJ Rib truncations and fusions in the Sp2H mouse reveal a role for Pax3 in specification of the posterior part of the somite.
	www.ncl.ac.uk /ihg/research/publications?staff=5238 (315 words)

	Cis-acting sequences responsible for the transcriptional activation of human T-cell leukemia virus type I constitute a ...
		Transcription from the long terminal repeat promoter of human T-cell leukemia virus type I is activated in the presence of a trans-activator protein, TA-I, encoded in the 3' part of the genome.
		A series of long terminal repeat mutants and hybrid promoter constructs have been studied in a transient expression assay for their ability to be activated in the presence of the trans-activator protein.
		They act relatively independent of position and orientation and activate both the homologous as well as heterologous promoters only in the presence of the trans-activator protein.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1986/dec/M86C0057.html (394 words)

	Browse Faculty
		Genetic mapping of complex human diseases and traits with an emphasis on the development, application, and evaluation of statistical methods.
		PETTY, Elizabeth, M.D. Associate Professor and Associate Professor of Internal Medicine- Molecular genetic mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis with a focus on identifying and characterizing the roles of novel cancer genes and cell cycle checkpoint genes; clinical genetics research projects related to the cost-effect and ethical application of molecular genetic tests in medicine.
		SWAROOP, Anand, Ph.D. Professor of Human Genetics and Harold F. Falls Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences- Molecular genetics of age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa; retinal gene expression during development, aging and disease using microarray technology; and regulation of development and tissue-specific gene expression in retina.
	www.medicineatmichigan.org /mstp/faculty/browse_faculty.asp?i=7 (1154 words)

	The ATP-dependent PIM1 protease is required for the expression of intron-containing genes in mitochondria -- van Dyck ...
		Genetic screens and selections for cell and nuclear fusion mutants.
		Afg3p, a mitochondrial ATP-dependent metalloprotease, is involved in the degradation of mitochondrially-encoded Cox1, Cox3, Cob, Su6, Su8 and Su9 subunits of the inner membrane complexes III, IV and V. FEBS Lett.
		Perlman, P.S. Genetic analysis of RNA splicing in yeast mitochondria.
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/12/10/1515 (5355 words)

	Brutnell Maize Genetics Group
		Although many of the components of this light-signaling pathway have been elucidated in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, little is known of these pathways in crop plants such as maize (corn) and rice.
		To begin the functional dissection of this pathway in maize, we are developing a genetic system that will enable researchers to disrupt any gene in the maize genome.
		T.P. Brutnell and L. Conrad (2003) "Transposon Tagging using Activator (Ac) in Maize" in Plant Functional Genomics, Methods in Molecular Biology, vol.
	bti.cornell.edu /Brutnell_lab2/BMGG_home.html (570 words)

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