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	Geologic fault - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A fault where the main sense of movement (or slip) on the fault plane is vertical is known as a dip-slip fault.
		Reverse faults are indicative of shortening of the crust.
		The fault plane is the plane that represents the fracture surface of a fault.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Geologic_fault (1469 words)

	Where do I need to look to find a fault map of the US? Is one available in GIS format? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Faults may be found on the large format paper copies of the tectonic maps of the US and North America.
		Many eastern faults are well-buried and not available for study unless their movement has broken the surface, and the evidence of the breaking has not been covered or removed by weathering.
		Few other western states have active fault data bases as large or as documented as California or Nevada, but Oregon is in the middle of a very systematic study.
	interactive2.usgs.gov /faq/list_faq_by_category/get_answer.asp?id=499 (623 words)

	Bhuj Photographs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Probably this fault is extension of the fault observed on the left bank.
		Active fault displacing and warping the alluvial fan surface at Jawaharnagar village.
		Eastern extension of active fault trace aligned along the range front of Satpura Dungar cutting colluvial debris near Ler village, marked by sharp straight escarpment delineating contact between the alluvium in the piedmont.
	home.iitk.ac.in /~javed/photogallery_all/Bhuj_photogallery.htm (309 words)

	Seattle Fault Zone - age and rates of fault slip
		Stratigraphic and structural relationships indicate that recent deformation in the Seattle fault zone is greatest on fault "A", the northernmost splay.
		Assuming a fault dip similar to that for central Puget Sound yields Quaternary displacements of about 1190 m and 1095 m, and minimum Quaternary slip rates (assumes base of Quaternary is 1.9 Ma) of about 0.5 to 0.7 mm/yr.
		If fault "A" and the north-trending strike-slip zone were each initiated at 10 Ma, then the cumulative slip on the north-trending zone is about 0.2 to 0.3 mm/yr.
	earthquake.usgs.gov /regional/pacnw/activefaults/sfz/sfzage.html (1119 words)

	Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
		This surge in activity reflects the recognition that a better understanding of the processes governing earthquakes and fault behavior is a fundamental scientific challenge, and that drilling provides unique observations inside active faults at depth to address these processes and their associated hazards to society.
		This burgeoning interest in active fault drilling is taking place in the context of very rapidly growing research efforts on the mechanics and dynamics of faulting processes, integrating rock mechanics, seismology, geodesy, frictional physics, and fluid-fault interactions.
		This fault zone is the subject of substantial current research effort, and has been interpreted as a well-preserved, exhumed example of a fault active in the plate boundary interface (the "megathrust").
	www.iodp.org /fault-zone-drilling (1428 words)

	Policy Recommendations - Western States Seismic Policy Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Active faults can be categorized as follows, recognizing that all degrees of fault activity exist and it is the prerogative of the user to decide the degree of anticipated risk and what degree of fault activity is considered "dangerous":
		When the last major earthquake occurred along a fault and the time interval between major earthquakes along a fault are factors that influence the probability of another earthquake on that fault in a certain period of time.
		Degree of fault activity is important to understand when deciding whether to build across the fault and when estimating probabilities of ground shaking at varying distances from faults.
	www.wsspc.org /PublicPolicy/PolicyRecs/policy02-3.html (1231 words)

	DIGITAL ACTIVE FAULT MAP OF JAPAN AND ITS APPLICATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The location of active faults is one of the most important data for large seismic activities in the past, earthquake prediction on land and the relevant seismic hazard mitigation.
		Active faults we mapped are mostly based on distinctive fault-related features, and therefore are defined as faults that have been repeatedly moved during the last several 100,000 years and will move again in future generating large earthquakes.
		Many new active faults were found in one side, and many previously recognized faults were regarded inactive in the other side mainly due to detailed interpretation of large-scale air-photographs.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/inqu/finalprogram/abstract_55819.htm (366 words)

	index
		The modelled active fault segments lead to a clear interpretation of the observed GPS baseline and height changes, and the geometric characteristics of the fault segments are in good agreement with those from geological investigations.
		The significant activity of the fault segments during this period might be transient, and may reflect the macroscopic, ductile deformation in the mid- to lower crust, which could be responsible for the stress localization in this region.
		Horizontal deformation before the 1995 Kobe earthquake (The dotted-line denotes the 1995 Kobe earthquake fault; the bold-line is the assumed active blind-fault; the arrows with error ellipses are the observed horizintal deformation vectors (the dashed-lines for the modelled vectors).
	www.geocities.com /subduction99 (2187 words)

	deep mine report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Active faults are generally inaccessible at the focal depth of large earthquakes.
		The study includes detailed 3D mapping of the active faults with emphasize on the internal structure of the fault-zones (fault-zone width, sense, amount and distribution of slip along secondary faults, and micro-structural features); we also started a microstructural analysis of the collected samples.
		The local dip of the fault is 37º/253º, roughly normal to the local inclination of the quartzite layers.
	earth.es.huji.ac.il /reches/ZA (1860 words)

	Moorpark straddles several active fault lines By Michael Picarella pic@theacorn.com
		Moorpark lies in a region with several active faults and is subject to the risks and hazards associated with earthquakes.
		According to city officials, the faults that have the greatest impact on the city of Moorpark are the San Andreas Fault Zone, the Simi-Santa Rosa Fault Zone, the Oak Ridge Fault, the San Cayetano Fault and the Santa Susana Fault.
		The Alquist-Priolo Fault Zoning Act’s main purpose is to prevent the construction of buildings used for human occupancy on the surface trace of active faults, according to sources.
	www.mpacorn.com /News/2004/0902/Front_Page/003.html (648 words)

	Seismic imaging of active faults
		Examining a fault’s geometry can tell us what type of fault it is and how fast it is moving, both of which are valuable pieces of information for estimating how dangerous the fault might be.
		The Seattle fault is hypothesized to be a low-angle thrust fault, in contrast to previous interpretations of the fault as steeply dipping.
		In particular, the faults discovered during our work give insights into the stress regime during the Late Miocene, during which time the Isthmus of Panama was rising and lowering to open and sever the connections between the two oceans.
	faculty.washington.edu /tpratt/high-res-imaging.htm (982 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Metro -- Earthquake fault zones increase on latest maps
		Active faults have been mapped in a large swath of East Village, extending from Balboa Park to San Diego Bay.
		The inclusion of these fault zones on state maps triggers a state law that requires real estate agents to inform potential buyers when properties being sold are located in fault zones.
		The city and the state prohibit most structures from being built directly over active faults, which the state defines as faults that have moved within the past 11,000 years – barely an eye blink in geologic time.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/metro/20021125-9999_1m25faults.html (1217 words)

	Active Faults Mapping
		Experience from the 1990 Luzon earthquake and from similar large-magnitude earthquakes elsewhere have shown that active faults such as the Philippine Fault Zone, could generate surface ruptures that could extend for several tens of kilometers, some of which passed through or close to populated areas.
		The main objective of this project is to delineate the location and extent of active faults in the Philippines.
		For 1997 to 1998, the focus was on Valley Fault System (formerly called "Marikina Valley Fault System") and the extension of the Philippine Fault Zone in Luzon, but other structures in other parts of the country shall also be studied during the course of this program.
	www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph /GGRDDpage/projects/fault/fault.htm (321 words)

	Earthquake Fault Zone
		The A-P Act resulted in the establishment of Earthquake Fault Zones that span the "surface traces" of delineated active faults.
		Residential structures that lie atop the surface trace of an active fault can be damaged or destroyed by "surface faultrupture", where quarter mile in width (i.e, the "typical" zone boundaries are set back approximately 660 feet on either side of the fault trace).
		If an active fault is found on a property, structures generally will not be allowed to be constructed within 50 feet of the fault trace.
	www.realtydisclosure.com /hazards/fault.htm (519 words)

	Active Faults (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The known active fault segments shown on the index map came from Figure 25 of USGS Open-File Report 96-532: "National Seismic Hazard Maps, June 1996: Documentation" by Arthur Frankel, Charles Mueller, Theodore Barnhard, David Perkins, E.V. Leyendecker, Nancy Dickman, Stanley Hanson, and Margaret Hopper.
		The faults and fault zones described in these reports are known to have been active in the last 2 million years and are thought to pose a measurable hazard.
		For California the faults on the individual zoomed-in and special maps come from the three categories of faults believed to have been active in the last 700,000 years shown on the "Preliminary Fault Activity Map of California" by C.W. Jennings (1992, California Division of Mines and Geology Open-File Report 92-03).
	quake.wr.usgs.gov /recenteqs/faults.html (221 words)

	The Seattle Times: Local News: Seattle Fault old, active and just 8 miles down
		Unlike the better-known San Andreas Fault in California, which consists of a single fracture that parallels the coastline, the Seattle Fault Zone is at least four closely related fractures that run west to east for about 30 miles.
		The fault zone is the result of massive tectonic plates colliding in the Northwest.
		Unlike the San Andreas Fault, which slips side-to-side in an earthquake, the Seattle Fault is a thrusting fault.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/localnews/2002185327_quakeside20m.html (694 words)

	Geologists find a new active fault in Nepal
		The study, titled "Active out-of-sequence thrust faulting in the central Nepalese Himalaya," will be published in the April 21 issue of the journal Nature.
		The new fault is found in an area where there is a dramatic change in the structure of the landscape, and it's in a region where the rainfall and erosion rates are among the highest in the world.
		The new active fault is at the base of the Great Himalaya in Central Nepal, about 60 miles from Kathmandu.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-04/dc-gfa041805.php (507 words)

	ScienceDaily: Geologists Find A New Active Fault In Nepal, Potentially Links Climate With Mountain Building
		Hidden Fault May Contribute To Bay Area Earthquake Risk (December 21, 2004) -- Earthquakes are not unusual in the San Francisco Bay Area, but a team of Penn State geoscientists believes that the hazard may be greater than previously thought because of a hidden fault under Marin...
		Large faults within the Earth's crust are the result of shear motion and active fault zones are...
		Alpine Fault -- The Alpine Fault is a geological fault, known as a right-lateral strike-slip fault, that runs almost the entire length of New Zealand's South Island.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/04/050425203113.htm (1887 words)

	North Aegean crustal deformation: An active fault imaged to 10 km depth by reflection seismic data -- Laigle et al. 28 ...
		North Aegean crustal deformation: An active fault imaged to 10 km depth by reflection seismic data -- Laigle et al.
		North Aegean crustal deformation: An active fault imaged to 10 km depth by reflection seismic data
		The fault is active and recent, forming a scarp at sea
	geology.geoscienceworld.org /cgi/content/abstract/28/1/71 (313 words)

	EES - Active Faults in Utah
		Thus the Wasatch Fault is not a vertical fault; instead, it dips westward and the surface along which earthquakes can occur lies everywhere under the valleys west of this fault.
		Almost all active faults in Utah have the same type of geometry as the Wasatch Fault and they all underlie the valleys located to the west of the faults to some degree that varies with the size of the specific fault.
		The exact size of all faults in Utah, including the Wasatch Fault, are not well known and are one of the lines of research that the University of Utah Seismograph Stations continuously works on.
	www.seis.utah.edu /edservices/EES/ActiveFaultInfo.shtml (639 words)

	Fault Finding
		A fault system that runs under downtown Los Angeles has generated at least four major earthquakes -; magnitude 7.0 or greater - in roughly the past 11,000 years, according to research published in the April 4 edition of the journal Science.
		But, he added, “if this fault were to rupture in its entirety, it would certainly be capable of generating an earthquake in excess of a magnitude 7.
		The Puente Hills fault was discovered in 1999 by a team led by Harvard University earth sciences professor John Shaw, a co-author on Dolan’s Science paper.
	www.usc.edu /uscnews/stories/8783.html (932 words)

	Policy Recommendations - Western States Seismic Policy Council
		When the last major earthquake occurred along a fault and the time interval between the most recent earthquake and earlier earthquakes are factors that influence the probability of a similar earthquake within a given period of time.
		It is up to the user to decide what degree of fault activity is considered “dangerous.” Depending on the intended use of the land (residences, hospitals, schools, picnic grounds, etc.), different degrees of fault activity and risk may be acceptable.
		Understanding the degree of fault activity is important when deciding whether to build across the fault and when estimating probabilities of ground shaking at varying distances from the fault.
	www.wsspc.org /PublicPolicy/PolicyRecs/2005/policy052.html (1812 words)

	Faults.html
		The normal fault is not necessarily normal in the sense that it is common....because....
		In a normal fault the two involved blocks are (by gravity) pulling away from one another causing one of the fault blocks to slip upward and the other downward with respect to the fault plane (it is hard to determine whether both or just one block has moved.).
		The dip angles of thrust faults are normally not as steep as a normal fault.
	www.tinynet.com /faults.html (808 words)

	Surface observations of active normal fault propagation: Implications for growth Journal of the Geological Society - ...
		Accumulation of displacement on a fault is commonly thought to be accompanied by lateral propagation of the map trace of the fault.
		These data are used to estimate a rate of lateral propagation for the eastern tip of the fault and to infer how this area may have evolved both geologically and geomorphologically over the past c.
		The displacement rate on the Xylokastro Fault, implied by tilted marine terraces and a regional geodetic study, is 11 (+ 3/ - 4) nun a - ^sup 1^ (Armijo et aL 1996; Clarke et aL 1997).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3721/is_200205/ai_n9083550 (881 words)

	fault: University of Utah News Release: May 14, 2003
		Rock samples taken from a tunnel that runs through an active fault zone in Japan have provided evidence to indicate the structure and hydrogeology of the fault.
		University of Utah hydrogeologist Craig Forster and colleagues examined rocks from boreholes deep within the Active Fault Survey Tunnel in Japan and used data from the fault's fluid content to infer the permeability and porosity within the Mozumi-Sukenobu fault.
		Their results support the hypothesis of a fluid-saturated fault zone model that contains an interlayered sequence of low-velocity porous and non-porous rocks that weakens seismic waves generated by earthquakes.
	www.utah.edu /unews/releases/03/may/fault.html (377 words)

	Whats new : GNS Science Limited
		The discovery brings to seven the number of major faults in the Wellington region, all capable of generating an earthquake of magnitude 7 or greater.
		The major faults in the Wellington region are the Wellington Fault, Shepherds Gully Fault, Ohariu Fault, Northern Ohariu Fault, Wairarapa Fault, and the Otaki Forks Fault.
		The Wellington Fault is the most active of the surface faults with a recurrence interval of about 600 years.
	www.gns.cri.nz /news/release/otaki_fault.html (564 words)

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