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Topic: Active wiretapping

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Passive wiretapping

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	active window - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about active window (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Usually active windows are easily identified by the use of colour schemes that assign a different colour to the window's title bar (a thin strip along the top of each window bearing the name of the window's specific program or function) from that of the title bars of inactive windows.
		On a true multitasking system, each window may represent an active program, but the active window is the one into which the user may enter data.
		In some windowing systems the active window is also referred to as the window in, or with, focus.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /active+window (203 words)

	active in TutorGig Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The active set is the set of constraints that are active at the solution that is saturated, for example x 300 is active for x 300 and not active for x 250.
		Active wiretapping is a form of wiretapping that attempts to alter the data or otherwise affect the flow...
		Active Kidz is a short series of exercise television program s to encourage children to be more physically active, which was broadcast on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation ABC at 4.30pm in Australia..
	www.tutorgig.com /es/active (883 words)

	TSCM - Types of Wiretaps, Bugs and Methods
		Wiretapping is the preferred method of obtaining intelligence (for quality reasons), it involves tying in to a wire or other conductor that is used for communications.
		The goal in a wiretapping is to secure high quality information, and to minimize the possibility of the eavesdropping being detected (remember radiated signals are easy to detect).
		Wiretaps are extremely difficult to detect (if properly installed), require a very high level of technical expertise, and a great deal of equipment to locate.
	www.tscm.com /typebug.html (1103 words)

	Guatemala
		There are no active members of the military in the police command structure, but in 1998 and 1999, President Arzu ordered the army to support the police temporarily in response to a nationwide wave of violent crime.
		In 1998 the PNC accepted some 60 police candidates from indigenous communities in the Ixil region--approximately 30 of whom graduated on their first attempt--to ensure that PNC personnel in those communities are proficient in the local language and are able to operate effectively in those communities.
		No active members of the military serve in the police command structure, but in 1998 President Arzu ordered the army to support the police temporarily in response to a nationwide wave of violent crime.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/1999/388.htm (19018 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		However, active wiretapping that changes data could also change an accompanying checksum to match the changed data.
		To protect against active attacks, the checksum function needs to be well-chosen (see: cryptographic hash), and the checksum result needs to be cryptographically protected (see: digital signature, keyed hash).
		Passive wiretapping cannot learn the shared k, because k is not transmitted, and neither are the private keys needed to compute k.
	www.faqs.org /rfc/rfc2828.txt (17881 words)

	Introduction to FreeS/WAN
		Active attacks, which involve the intruder sending packets to your system (like packets that break into sendmail and give them a root shell :-) are much harder to guard against.
		Active attacks that involve sending people (breaking into your house and replacing parts of your computer with ones that transmit what you're doing) are also much harder to guard against.
		The software will be particularly useful to frequent wiretapping targets such as private companies competing with government-owned companies, civil rights groups and lawyers, opposition political parties, and dissidents.
	www.freeswan.org /freeswan_trees/freeswan-2.06/doc/politics.html (8659 words)

	Security in Networks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A wiretap can be done covertly so that neither the sender nor the receiver of a communication will know that the contents have been intercepted.
		Active code or mobile code is a general name for code that is pushed to the client for execution.
		For example, a wiretapping attack may yield reconnaissance information with which to form an ActiveX attack that transfers a Trojan horse that monitors for sensitive data in transmission.
	www.phptr.com /articles/article.asp?p=31339&seqNum=2 (16511 words)

	Croatia
		Local housing commissions often were purposefully dysfunctional and failed to resolve housing disputes, or when functional legally were powerless to implement their own decisions under an existing legal framework that still was unaddressed by the Government.
		The amendments grant wiretapping authority only in cases where the Criminal Code may be violated or there is a threat to the country's sovereignty, and they establish an independent board to oversee all wiretapping.
		There is an active labor movement with one major and four minor national labor federations and independent associations of both blue-and white-collar members.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2000/eur/716.htm (14546 words)

	RE: web monitoring tool
		For example, it looks like wiretapping restrictions have mostly been focused on government monitoring so I'm also not clear how wiretapping restrictions apply to private activities of a company.
		States are active here too, so we may have differences in local jurisdiction.
		It's possible that active monitoring of internal email may expose medical or financial records in unexpected and/or unintended ways creating new liabilities.
	lists.virus.org /security-basics-0304/msg00299.html (436 words)

	EFA Annual Report 2002
		EFA made a comprehensive submission on interception of Internet communications and associated wiretapping to the Senate Legal and Constitutional Legislation Committee and has been active in opposing moves to require ISPs to store data for years to facilitate "possible" law enforcement retrieval.
		Apart from wiretapping, new technologies have the capacity to provide personal identifiers where none existed in the offline world.
		EFA commends the work of the Federal Privacy Commissioner, Malcolm Crompton, and has been an active campaigner on privacy matters including lodging a detailed submission on collection and use of personal information.
	www.efa.org.au /News/report.board02.html (1256 words)

	Active X in TutorGig Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An active galaxy is a galaxy where a significant fraction of the energy output is not emitted by the normal...
		on the active galaxy type, can be emitted across most of the electromagnetic spectrum, as infrared..
		Learn Active X Template Library Development With Visual C++ 6.0 (Learn), by Wordware
	www.tutorgig.com /es/Active+X (916 words)

	Henry R. Abrams \| Saul Ewing, Mid-Atlantic Law Firm
		Abrams has an active First Amendment practice, handling matters involving defamation, libel, slander, and privacy laws.
		A frequent lecturer on libel and antitrust topics, he serves as pre-publication and libel counsel for the Frederick News-Post and The Daily Record, and has also represented Newsweek magazine, the Washington Post Company, the Montgomery Gazette, the Prince George’s County Current, and the former daily Baltimore News-American.
		Isikoff in connection with the state of Maryland's attempt to subpoena him to testify in its wiretapping case against Ms.
	www.saul.com /attorneys/bio.aspx?attID=253 (349 words)

	TISC Insight, Volume 2, Issue 5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		An attacker could send spurious BGP traffic (active wiretapping), or could attack the workstations used for management of the routers, and thus attack the system indirectly.
		This mechanism, if it were employed, would offer protection only against wiretapping attacks effected on the links between BGP routers.
		In practice, this field is not used; instead, a modified form of TCP checksum, based on a keyed MD5 hash algorithm, is sometimes employed.
	www.tisc2001.com /newsletters/25.html (1523 words)

	Wire Tap
		Fortunately, this email wiretapping code does not affect all email
		Make sure that the security level slider control for the zone is set to "High".
		Scroll down to the "Active scripting" entry in the settings list in the "Security Settings" dialog box.
	home.cfl.rr.com /realtruth/wiretap.htm (393 words)

	2. Securing BGP: S-BGP-The Internet Protocol Journal - Cisco Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Misrouting attacks can be used to facilitate both passive and active wiretapping of subscriber traffic.
		Communication between BGP peers can be subjected to active or passive wiretapping.
		The BGP software, configuration information, or routing databases of a router may be modified or replaced via unauthorized access to a router, or to a server or management workstation from which router software is downloaded.
	www.cisco.com /en/US/about/ac123/ac147/ac174/ac236/about_cisco_ipj_archive_article09186a00801c5a98.html (5523 words)

	Trust In Cyberspace, Chapter 2, Nat'l Academy Press, 1999
		Installing wiretaps at the end points of a connection may be straightforward, but such taps are also the easiest to detect.
		Because all of the routers within an AS are under the control of the same administrative entity, and because there is little evidence of active wiretapping of intra-AS links, there may be a perception that the proposed cryptographic countermeasures are too expensive relative to the protection afforded.
		The primary active elements of an Internet-based network—the routers—are, by design, accessible from the network they control, and the network's routing protocols execute in-band with the communications they control.
	www.nap.edu /readingroom/books/trust/trust-2.htm (12906 words)

	[ISN] DHS moves ahead with cybersecurity R&D efforts
		http://www.computerworld.com/securitytopics/security/story/0,10801,95942,00.html By Dan Verton SEPTEMBER 15, 2004 COMPUTERWORLD SAN MATEO, Calif. -- The Department of Homeland Security is actively planning several new pilot projects that officials hope will help solve one of the most pressing cybersecurity research problems to date: a lack of real-world attack data.
		The current BGP architecture makes it particularly vulnerable to human error as well as malicious attacks against routers, the links between routers and the management stations that control the routers, said Maughan.
		Specific concerns, said Maughan, include the ability of attacks to reroute traffic to enable passive or active wiretapping.
	lists.virus.org /isn-0409/msg00048.html (713 words)

	The Free Information Society - A Glossary of Cryptography Terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		* eavesdropping, or passive wiretapping** -- intercepting messages without detection.
		Radio waves may be intercepted, phone lines may be tapped, and computers may have RF emissions detected.
		* tampering, or active wiretapping** -- interfering with messages and possibly modifying them.
	www.freeinfosociety.com /computers/cryptography/glossary.html (3897 words)

	Frank Jones/SpyKing - Security Threat Profile
		He has also been active for years cheating persons interested in restricted or illegal technology out of enormous sums of money.
		He also indicated that an active change of address for is on file, and that there is still mail coming in for that address.
		When the issue was "informally" discussed with several active employees at the NYPD they confirmed that in reality Frank never really worked for them, but was instead a "cop groupie and wanna-be" and confidential informant.
	www.attrition.org /errata/charlatan/jones (15452 words)

	E-COMMERCEALERT - News Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Eighty-two percent cited "independent hackers" as the likely sources of attack and 75 percent cited "disgruntled employees."
		Just over half reported laptop theft; 40 percent reported denial of service attacks (news - web sites); 20 percent theft of proprietary information; 12 percent financial fraud; 9 percent telecom fraud; 8 percent sabotage; 6 percent telecom eavesdropping; and 1 percent active wiretapping.
		The survey also asked about employee misuse of the network and found that 78 percent reported employee abuse of Internet access privileges for things like downloading pornography or pirated software or inappropriate use of e-mail.
	www.e-commercealert.com /article465.html (617 words)

	FBI has made a proposal to the FCC that would requ
		FBI has made a proposal to the FCC that would require all Internet
		Providers to rewire their current system in order to make wiretapping accessible to the FBI.
		Experts claim that if the new proposal were to pass, MSN Messenger, Xbox Live and any voice over Internet protocol would be accessible for wiretapping
	www.brainhop.com /?articleid=760 (170 words)

	RFC 2828
		- Active vs. passive: An "active attack" attempts to alter system resources or affect their operation.
		(I) An active attack on the data integrity of ciphertext, effected by replacing sections of ciphertext with other ciphertext, such that the result appears to decrypt correctly but actually decrypts to plaintext that is forged to the satisfaction of the attacker.
		A type of checksum algorithm that is not a cryptographic hash but is used to implement data integrity service where accidental changes to data are expected.
	asg.web.cmu.edu /rfc/rfc2828.html (16836 words)

	RMIS-Web Risk & Insurance RMIS Article
		Computer crime had cost these organizations a total of $136.8 million last year, an increase of 36 percent over 1996.
		This includes theft of information, sabotage of data or networks, telecom eavesdropping, system penetration by outsiders, insider abuse of Internet access, financial fraud, denial of service, spoofing (gaining unauthorized access to computers with stolen IP addresses), viruses, unauthorized insider access, telecom fraud, active wiretapping, and laptop theft.
		And less than half of those surveyed (42 percent) could quantify what their losses were.
	www.rmisweb.com /rmisartc/riskins/0998.htm (2133 words)

	acoustic eavesdrop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
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	www.surveillance-security-equipment.co.uk /spy-gear-uk/acoustic-eavesdrop.htm (135 words)

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