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Topic: Acute facial nerve paralysis

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	Emergency Medicine
		Acute sinusitis is defined as an infection and inflammation of the mucosal lining of the paranasal sinuses of less than four weeks' duration.
		Early surgical intervention with repair of the nerve is required for facial paralysis of immediate onset after temporal bone fractures.
		Facial paralysis due to infection may result from otitis media, mastoiditis, herpes zoster (Ramsay Hunt syndrome), varicella, mumps, temporal lobe abscess, meningitis, encephalitis, mycoplasma, cat scratch disease, Kawasaki disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome, HIV, or Lyme disease.
	www.emedmag.com /html/pre/fea/features/061505.asp (4434 words)

	MEEI-Facial Nerve
		Lyme disease is a spirochetal infection caused by the organism Borrelia Burgdorferi.
		Usually the state of nerve function and the likelihood of full recovery are dependent on the time of onset of facial nerve symptoms during the course of the ear disease, and the facial nerve paralysis.
		Facial paralysis of sudden onset during an acute ear infection is indicative of an acute inflammation leading to malfunction.
	www.meei.harvard.edu /facialnerve/face2.php (2659 words)

	MEI: Facial Nerve Paralysis Patient Brochure
		As such, a disorder of the facial nerve may result in twitching, weakness or paralysis of the face, dryness of the ear or the mouth, loss of taste, increased sensitivity to loud sound and pain in the ear.
		A skin sensation nerve is removed from the neck and transplanted into the ear bone to replace the diseased portion of the facial nerve.
		Facial nerve weakness occurring in chronically infected ears is usually due to pressure from a cholesteatoma (skin-lined cyst).
	www.michiganear.com /library/brochures/facial (2658 words)

	Acute facial nerve paralysis
		Acute facial nerve paralysis is a common problem that involves the paralysis of any structures innervated by the facial nerve.
		The pathway of the facial nerve is long and relatively convoluted, and so there are a number of causes that may result in facial nerve paralysis.
		Acute facial nerve paralysis - Powerpoint slides from a lecture presented to second year medical school students at the University of Western Ontario by Dr. Lorne Parnes on 19 November 2004.
	www.mrsci.com /Otolaryngology/Acute_facial_nerve_paralysis.php (758 words)

	[No title]
		The facial nerve and nervus intermedius exit the brain stem at the pontomedullary junction and travel laterally 12 - 14 mm with the eight cranial nerve to enter the internal acoustic meatus.
		Facial paralysis occurs in 50 to 90% of these patients and tends to be abrupt.
		Sunderland's classification of nerve injury is not applicable to herpetic facial paralysis (herpes simplex or herpes zoster).
	www.utmb.edu /oto/Grand_Rounds_Earlier.dir/Facial_Nerve_Paralysis_1996.txt (7621 words)

	Facial nerve - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The motor part of the facial nerve arises from the facial nerve nucleus in the pons while the sensory part of the facial nerve arises from the nervus intermedius.
		The motor part of the facial nerve enters the petrous temporal bone into the internal auditory meatus (intimately close to the inner ear) then runs a tortuous course (including two tight turns) through the facial canal, emerges from the stylomastoid foramen and passes through the parotid gland, where it divides into five major branches.
		The cell bodies for muscular efferent nerves are found in the facial motor nucleus where as the cell bodies for the parasympathetic efferent nerves are found in the superior salivatory nucleus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Facial_nerve (1096 words)

	Facial Paralysis
		The facial nerve— or seventh cranial nerve— travels along a very circuitous route from the brain to the face, traversing the ear in a bony channel.
		Patients who have chronic or acute ear infections, cholesteatoma and tumors causing the facial paralysis frequently require surgery to treat these processes and provide the optimal outlook for recovery of facial function.
		The physician who treats patients with facial paralysis should be aware of all of the diagnostic and therapeutic options that may be indicated at the various phases of the problem, and be able to provide appropriate treatment or referrals to ensure that each patient receives the care they need.
	www.washingtonent.com /libfacialparalysis.htm (1264 words)

	TITLE: FACIAL NERVE PARALYSIS 1996
		The facial nerve is stimulated with an impulse transcutaneously at the stylomastoid foramen using bipolar electrodes.
		They concluded that HSV infection in the facial nerve and brain stem must be a prerequisite for the development of facial paralysis and suggested that an immunologic reaction after a viral infection plays a role in the pathogenesis.
		The nerve may be transected, or may be secondarily injured by the kinetic injury from the bullet or from bony fragmentation of the temporal bone.
	www.bellspalsy.ws /facialparalysis96.htm (7766 words)

	Core Curriculum Syllabus: Facial Paralysis
		Anatomy of the facial nerve and fallopian canal
		Disorders of the nerve provoke some interest in other medical specialties, but because of his background in head and neck anatomy and pathology and skill in temporal bone surgery, the otolaryngologist is most qualified to diagnose and manage paralysis of the facial nerve.
		Interpretation: Absence of the reflex is due to a lesion proximal to stapedius nerve (vertical segment of facial nerve).
	www.bcm.edu /oto/studs/face.html (1779 words)

	IDIOPATHIC FACIAL NERVE PARALYSIS (BELL'S PALSY) IN THE ASIR REGION
		This was a prospective study of facial nerve paralysis patients presenting to a facial nerve clinic in Asir Central Hospital, the only facility with a facial nerve clinic in the region.
		Facial nerve grading, using House-Brackman classification system, was used to grade all patients at the time of presentation, and for assessment during recovery at follow-up.
		An investigation of acute facial nerve paralysis in animals induced by exposure of the tympanic membrane to cold air.
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/176/97-103.html (1561 words)

	Facial paralysis caused by malignant skull base neoplasms - Special Feature Ear, Nose & Throat Journal - Find ...
		Eleven of these 320 cases met the criteria of the study--namely, presentation with facial paralysis mimicking Bell palsy that was found to be caused by an occult malignancy, The records of these patients were retrospectively reviewed.
		Facial paralysis manifested in five patients in an acute fashion (<24 hours), in three patients in a subacute fashion (24 to 48 hours), and in three patients in a delayed fashion (>48 hours).
		Clinical examination revealed a complete left facial nerve paralysis, whereas MR imaging demonstrated enhancement of the left facial nerve within the geniculate and tympanic segments.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0BUM/is_12_81/ai_95954205 (979 words)

	Bells palsy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bell's palsy (facial palsy) is characterised by facial drooping due to malfunction of the facial nerve (VII cranial nerve), which controls the muscles of the face.
		Babies can be born with Facial palsy, and they exhibit many of the same symptoms as people with Bell's palsy; this is often due to a traumatic birth which causes irrepairable damage to the facial nerve, i.e.acute facial nerve paralysis.
		This is thought to be due to a faulty regeneration of the facial nerve as it runs to the lacrimal and salivary glands.
	www.mrsci.com /Otolaryngology/Bells_palsy.php (791 words)

	MEEI-Facial Nerve Disorders
		When the nerve impulses to the facial nerve are interrupted, any or all of these functions may be affected.
		These can be followed when the status of the nerve is known, though occasionally the status of the nerve is not known at the conclusion of surgery, making management of the resulting facial paralysis difficult.
		For this reason, some doctors feel that facial nerve decompression is indicated since it appears to decrease the severity of the facial paralysis in subsequent episodes.
	www.meei.harvard.edu /facialnerve/face.php (1025 words)

	Bell's palsy Summary
		In the 80-85% of cases, the facial weakness or paralysis is temporary.
		The symptoms of Bell's palsy are the result of an inflammation or swelling of the facial nerve that controls the muscles on either side of the face.
		Why the facial nerve becomes inflamed in Bell's palsy is not clear, but it may be related to an infection of the herpes simplex virus (HSV), the virus responsible for cold sores and fever blisters.
	www.bookrags.com /Bell's_palsy (1523 words)

	Bell's Palsy :: Cranial Nerve Diseases : Gourt
		Bell's palsy (facial palsy) is characterised by facial drooping on the affected half, due to malfunction of the facial nerve (VII cranial nerve), which controls the muscles of the face.
		Since these receive innervation from both sides of the brain, the forehead can still be wrinkled by a patient whose facial palsy is caused by a problem in the brain rather than in the facial nerve itself.
		Facial nerve (VII) paralysis - Neuroanatomy of various syndromes involving paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve.
	www.gourt.com /Health/Conditions-and-Diseases/Neurological-Disorders/Cranial-Nerve-Diseases/Bell's-Palsy.html (1350 words)

	Cat Scratch Disease Presenting With Peripheral Facial Nerve Paralysis -- Walter and Eppes 101 (5): e13 -- Pediatrics
		Acquired peripheral facial nerve paralysis is a relatively common disorder that affects both children and adults.
		We present a child with the first reported case of acute facial nerve paralysis in serologically proven CSD with typical lymphadenitis.
		decrease the inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/101/5/e13 (1220 words)

	Spastic Cerebral Palsy -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bell's palsy (facial palsy) is characterised by facial drooping due to malfunction of the facial nerve (VII cranial nerve), which controls the muscles of the face.
		It is supposed to be the result of inflammation of the facial nerve which produces pressure on the nerve as it exits the skull within its bony canal.
		Patients with facial palsy for which an underlying cause can be readily found are not generally considered to have Bell's palsy per se.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/139/spastic-cerebral-palsy.html (883 words)

	Herpes Simplex Virus and Bell Palsy -- Baringer 124 (11): 63 -- Annals of Internal Medicine
		Infectious causes of acute facial nerve paralysis are numerous.
		the facial nerve, causing an acute inflammatory reaction and
		in the peripheral nerve outside of the sensory ganglia.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/124/1_Part_1/63 (1385 words)

	Acute facial nerve paralysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Patients may also present with hemotympanum (blood behind the tympanic membrane), sensory deafness, and vertigo – the latter two symptoms due to damage to vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII) and the inner ear.
		The facial paralysis can follow immediately the trauma due to direct damage to the facial nerve, in such cases a surgical treatment may be attempted.
		In other cases the facial paralysis can occur longtime after the trauma due to oedema and inflammation, in those cases steroids can be a good help.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Acute_facial_nerve_paralysis (860 words)

	Facial Nerve Paralysis, 1996
		It is important to assess the degree of voluntary movement present in order to document the grade of facial paralysis as described in the House classification system:
		It is also important to determine if the paralysis is central versus peripheral.
		The editorial comment: "One might now question whether we should continue using the term "Bell's palsy" to mean "idiopathic facial paralysis" or whether we should now recognize Bell's palsy as "herpetic facial paralysis," confirming the hypothesis advanced initially in 1972 by McCormick.
	www.otohns.net /?id=14015 (7689 words)

	Tension Headache Pain Relief
		The patient has tearing of the eye, nasal congestion, facial flushing, and constriction of the pupil on the side of the headache.
		Associated with the headache, there is paralysis of the third nerve and there may be drooping of the eyelid, dilation of the pupils, and paralysis of the eye muscles.
		Acute sinusitis, associated with a fever and a blocked sinus, can cause acute head pain.
	www.tensionheadaches.com /definitions.html (739 words)

	All about Guillain-Barré: Symptoms of the syndrome, their intensity and the way patients experience them.
		GBS symptoms vary, depending on whether the syndrome has affected the sensory nerve fibres (that transmit signals from a body area, to the brain and spine), or the motor nerve fibres (that transmit signals from the brain and spine to a body area).
		The paralysis is progressive and usually ascending, spreading to the rest of the limb, and from there may spread to the legs, arms and the rest of the body.
		If the paralysis affects the chest area, the patient may have difficulty speaking and swallowing, as well as bouts of irregular heartbeat and breathlessness.
	www.jsmarcussen.com /gbs/uk/symptoms.htm (1608 words)

	Acute Facial Nerve Paralysis
		The complex anatomy of the seventh cranial nerve and its subsections must be understood in order to discriminate among the peripheral causes of facial nerve palsy, and to differentiate these from central etiologies.
		-usually due to a dehiscence of the bony (fallopian) canal of facial nerve
		-Otitis media with facial palsy as a complication requires urgent treatment, and most otolaryngologists would, at the least, perform a myringotomy to drain the middle ear effusion.
	icarus.med.utoronto.ca /carr/manual/afnp2.html (698 words)

	How to Cure Bell's Palsy Facial Nerve Disorders - WikiHow
		How to Cure Bell's Palsy Facial Nerve Disorders
		Exercise the facial muscles daily (smile, lift your eyebrow,try to whistle, close your eyes etc.).
		Be patient; it takes at least 2 weeks to feel improvements.
	www.wikihow.com /Cure-Bell's-Palsy--Facial-Nerve-Disorders (322 words)

	Occult Malignancy
		However, this does not exclude the likelihood of occult malignancy...
		Facial paralysis caused by malignant skull base neoplasms
		Acute facial nerve paralysis can often mimick Bell palsy, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment.
	www.fouloccult.com /occultmalignancy (954 words)

	Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Clinical application of the reversed pedicled venous flap containing perienous areolar tissue and/or nerve in the hand
		Treatment of facial haemangiomas: the present status of surgery
		Hypoglossal-facial crossover in facial nerve palsy: pure end-to-side anastomosis technique
	www.harcourt-international.com /journals/bjps/accepted.cfm (1116 words)

	Signs and Symptoms - Internet Handbook of Neurology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cranial Nerve VI Palsy - Handbook of Ocular Disease Management
		Acute Idiopathic Facial Palsy (Bell's Palsy) - Neuroland
		Acute Facial Nerve Paralysis - University of Toronto, CA
	www.neuropat.dote.hu /signs.htm (965 words)

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