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Topic: Addictiveness

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	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1962 Issue 3 - 003
		Methadone is an outstanding example of a compound in which greatly different activity and addictiveness occur in the optical isomers.
		In addition, studies on the addictiveness of the dextrorotatory isomers of 3-hydroxy-N-phenethylmorphinan and 3-methoxy-N-phenethyl-morphinan were thought to be of interest since both compounds, like d-methadone, had very low activities when compared with the l-isomers [ 4].
		Drugs pertinent to evaluating the addictiveness of 7296A were administered orally in capsules as follows: placebos (starch flavoured with quinine); codeine sulfate, increasing from 200 to 1,500 mg daily; morphine sulfate, increasing from 40 to 240 mg daily; and d-3-methoxy-N-phenethylmorphinan (7296A), increasing from 180 to 1,200 mg daily.
	www.unodc.org /unodc/bulletin/bulletin_1962-01-01_3_page004.html (5697 words)

	Addiction
		Clinical leaders in recent years have attempted to tailor intervention approaches to specific influences that effect addictive behavior, using therapeutic interviews in an effort to discover factors that led a person to embrace unhealthy, addictive sources of pleasure or relief from pain.
		The increased requirement for dopamine to maintain the same electrical activity is the basis of both physiological tolerance and withdrawal associated with addiction.
		This pathway utilizes dopamine as a neurotransmitter and receives presynaptic input (from earlier in the circuit--it gets signals from these earlier in the circuit cells) from cells that respond to cannibinoids, nicotine (receptor subtype is nicotinic), and from cells that respond to endogenous opioid substances such as endorphins or enkephalins.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/addiction (1721 words)

	Frictionless Insight - Monday Morning - May 20, 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Addictiveness is nowadays laced with drug-related connotations, and so anything addictive is presumptively bad or – worse yet – downright evil.
		Games are said to have an addictive quality that makes them attractive to the kind of people who are likely to be susceptible to addictive behavior.
		It is easy and right to sympathize with the pain of a mother who has lost her son, but her comments and those of the addiction counselor demonstrate the power of the word "addictive" as a symbol of evil.
	www.frictionlessinsight.com /Articles/MondayMorning/MM2002_05_20.htm (1413 words)

	Drugs: What You Should Know
		Addictiveness: These drugs are highly addictive, and as a result, the drug, not the user, calls the shots.
		Addictiveness: Although the physical addictiveness of Ecstasy is unknown, teens who use it can become psychologically dependent upon it to feel good, deal with life, or handle stress.
		Addictiveness: Nicotine is as addictive as heroin or cocaine, which makes it extremely difficult to quit.
	www.kidshealth.org /PageManager.jsp?dn=AkronChildrens&lic=69&cat_id=20140&article_set=22660&ps=204 (3041 words)

	Relative Addictiveness of Drugs (NYT 8/2/94)
		The two groups, which prefer the term drug dependence, base their definition on research done since the 1960's, which has determined that multiple traits must be considered in determining whether a substance is addictive.
		In smoking, it is not the nicotine addiction that is most harmful, but other toxic chemicals produced by burning tobacco, which cause most of the 400,000 deaths each year that are attributed to smoking.
		The addictive property of the substance can be measured by how many users maintain a casual habit and how many are persistent, regular users.
	www.tfy.drugsense.org /tfy/addictvn.htm (1315 words)

	Burgertime/Bump
		The Addictiveness is enjoyable (8) with quite a lot of variety and the usual pause [diagonals].
		The Addictiveness is very good (7), but easily a 9 with a joystick, and maybe a 10 if there is large number of levels and creativity.
		The Addictiveness is enjoyable (8) and fun to watch the unique activity of the villains as they can get bounced or squashed and then get up and walk again.
	www.tomheroes.com /Video%20Games%20FS/Retrotimes/Best%20Of/Many%20Faces/burgertime_bump.htm (2414 words)

	Drithle's soma drug addictiveness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
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	drithle.com /soma-drug-addictiveness.html (1967 words)

	Issue 140 - A consumers guide to drugs
		Addictiveness: Highly addictive, especially when injected, though dependence is not immediate or inevitable — many use heroin occasionally.
		Addictiveness: Not physically addictive, but the psychological dependence can be a very hard habit to break.
		Addictiveness: Withdrawal syndrome becomes especially noticeable at a level of about 370 mg a day, when stopping causes drowsiness and headaches.
	www.newint.org /issue140/guide.htm (1781 words)

	Sunday Times - South Africa's best selling newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Some brands of cigarettes are far more addictive than others, according to new research into the additives in tobacco products.
		Because this nicotine hits the brain so fast, it is said to be more addictive than normal nicotine.
		Although the research, carried out by a team at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, has added to suspicions that manufacturers deliberately blend tobacco to boost addictiveness, Associated Press has reported that there was no conclusive proof of this being the case.
	www.sundaytimes.co.za /2003/08/03/news/news13.asp (550 words)

	Alaskabigdog's soma drug addictiveness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
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	alaskabigdog.com /soma-drug-addictiveness.html (1662 words)

	Relative Addictiveness of various drugs - Asylum Forums
		To rank today's commonly used drugs by their addictiveness, we asked experts to consider two questions: How easy is it to get hooked on these substances and how hard is it to stop using them?
		by the criteria laid out there, nicotine is the most addictive due entirely to its being legal and so easy to obtain, and not due to any inherent property of the drug itself.
		i could definitely be wrong, nicotine could be the equal of crack in terms of addictiveness on a purely physiological level, but i really doubt it.
	www.asylumnation.com /asylum/_r/showthread/threadid_10228/index.html (981 words)

	Petrified Truth: Engineering death
		The findings could help rate the addictiveness of different brands, they say.
		This means it can be much more rapidly absorbed by the lungs and brain than nicotine derivatives such as nornicotine or its salts.
		Previous research has shown that a drug's addictiveness is influenced by the speed at which it is delivered to the brain and absorbed into and from the blood stream.
	www.petrifiedtruth.com /archives/000678.html (201 words)

	Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Anticipatory responses to a drug have previously been thought to be induced by a cue that leads to the addictive drug.
		In this study, the reinforcement of the drug is due to the avoidance of the cue as proven previously, but also to the rate that the drug is self-administered.
		Thus, we can see a relationship with the time frame the drug is taken to the addictiveness of the drug.
	www-personal.engin.umich.edu /~jainman/abstract.htm (224 words)

	UNODC - Bulletin on Narcotics - 1961 Issue 4 - 001
		When the dosage of carisoprodol was rapidly increased from 1,200 to 4,800 mg daily within a period of 18 days, no evidence of intoxication was noted - suggesting that some tolerance developed to the sedative and hypnotic effects.
		The addictiveness of orally administered carisoprodol and phenyramidol has been studied in former opiate addicts.
		It is concluded that neither carisoprodol nor phenyramidol possesses addictive qualities of an opiate type.
	www.unodc.org /unodc/pt/bulletin/bulletin_1961-01-01_4_page002.html (3189 words)

	Great Victory for Humanity in Florida Class-action Case (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		They determined that the companies conspired to hide the danger (poisonous nature) and addictiveness of cigarettes (a point still wrongly contested by the tobacco companies).
		This is the first time for a verdict to be given in a class-action tobacco law case and stands as a great victory for humanity.
		The questions included whether producers had concealed and misrepresented the hazards and addictiveness of smoking and whether they had conspired to mislead the public.
	www.ctstoptobacco-savekids.com /Page11.html (250 words)

	MarijuanaNews.Com, Freedom has nothing to fear from the truth
		Of course, in the hands of the appalling people who govern us, "addictiveness" is simply a term used to justify arresting people, especially the sick and dying who use medical marijuana.
		Even though many widely used pharmaceuticals – not to mention alcohol and tobacco -- are commonly regarded as both "dangerous and addictive," a majority of the House of Representatives voted for a measure condemning the medical use of marijuana, saying that it is a "dangerous and addictive" drug.
		Thus, addiction and addictiveness per se – or the lack thereof -are not considered sufficient for determining what will and will not be criminalized.
	www.marijuananews.com /marijuananews/cowan/is_marijuana_addictive.htm (1215 words)

	IIDB - drugs poll
		Usually I feel that drugs should be decriminalized, though hard drugs should be regulated regardless of addictiveness.
		For instance, I think LSD should be regulated even though it is not addictive.
		The point of doing it that way is that it makes it much harder for people to casually try the highly addictive drugs.
	www.iidb.org /vbb/showthread.php?t=91540&page=2 (3610 words)

	FORCES - THE EVIDENCE - The addictiveness of nicotine
		This paper is a must-read for the cynical clarity used to spell out the exploitation of the hatred and the junk science on smoking for pharmaceutical gain.
		Nicotine as an Addictive Substance: A Critical Examination of the Basic Concepts and Empirical - By Dale M. Atrens - An academic paper that analyses in detail the claim that nicotine is addictive, pointing out problems with addiction theory in general.
		The answer is simple: nicotine itself is not addictive, and smoking is a habit -- the habit, like all such behaviors, is psychological, not physical, and it is exerted through association.
	www.forces.org /evidence/evid/addictiv.htm (998 words)

	OHSU Outlook - September/October 2003
		"We believe that this study is a major step forward in understanding how addictive nicotine is delivered by tobacco smoke," said James Pankow, Ph.D., professor of environmental and biomolecular systems at OGI who has studied the chemistry of tobacco smoke for seven years.
		"Since scientists have shown that a drug becomes more addictive when it is delivered to the brain more rapidly," Pankow continued, "free-base nicotine levels in cigarette smoke thus are at the heart of the controversy regarding the tobacco industry's use of additives like ammonia and urea, as well as blending choices in cigarette design."
		Pankow notes that most addiction researchers believe that chemicals like nicotine, cocaine and methamphetamine become increasingly addictive the more rapidly they are delivered to the brain.
	www.ohsu.edu /newspub/outlook/1003/cigarettes.shtml (454 words)

	Mo. Teens Aware of Addictiveness of Nicotine, Smoke Anyway \| JoinTogether.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A survey conducted in Missouri's schools shows that teens continue to smoke even though they know tobacco is addictive, the Associated Press reported Sept. 25.
		The Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services conducted the survey of middle- and high-school students in the state to identify influences and beliefs about tobacco.
		Most teens know that tobacco is just as addictive as cocaine or heroin.
	www.jointogether.org /sa/news/summaries/reader/0,1854,566955,00.html (249 words)

	Looking Wholistically at Recovering from Addictiveness - Joe A. Thomas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		It is just one more crisis spurned decision to make a change that will likely be short on follow through and if made may not increase the overall quality of life..
		From the information that you have gleaned in the assessing process, you may be considering this decision to change one that will need to be an informed shift and not a spurious one.
		It takes time to begin hearing yourself but the better you get the clearer you will hear the signs for change that may be blowing in the wind.
	www.joeathomas.com /lookingholisticallyrecovering.html (1435 words)

	Zaxxon B
		The Addictiveness is good (6) with the standard Inty pause button combo and the large amount of variety, but I get frustrated playing a shooter with 4 tiny non-fire buttons.
		The Addictiveness is fine (6), and is helped by the variety of each game, but there is no pause in the action either.
		The Addictiveness is enjoyable (8) with a pause button (F7), but you start the asteroid over with every death.
	www.tomheroes.com /Video%20Games%20FS/Retrotimes/Best%20Of/Many%20Faces/zaxxon_b.htm (2193 words)

	ProCon.org - Addiction Chart
		The ordinal rating of addictiveness presented in this table is based on the criteria in Table IIA (below).
		Intoxication: Though not usually counted as a measure of addiction in itself, the level of intoxication is associated with addiction and increases the personal and social damage a substance may do.
		(1) The most addictive drug, nicotine, is not only not scheduled, it can be purchased without a prescription by anyone over the age of 18.
	www.procon.org /AddictChart.htm (441 words)

	IIDB - drugs poll
		Nor is it #1 in terms of addictiveness.
		I would legalize all the drugs with low addictiveness.
		The ones with high addictiveness I would make prescription only but addiction is a valid reason for a prescription.
	www.iidb.org /vbb/printthread.php?t=91540 (1901 words)

	Foundations Associates
		The deep sense of depression (the unresolved grief) is the root of addictiveness.
		Yet even when we stop an addiction, we have many times not healed our addictiveness.
		Addictiveness is rooted in the depression, which results from the isolation of toxic shame.
	www.dualdiagnosis.org /library/dual_network/bradshaw_summer_01.html (504 words)

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