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Topic: Adduction

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Myelopathy

	Glossary search - adduction. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		Adduction means to take or lead towards (originally from the latin adducere) so that adduction moves one part of the body closer to another.
		In the case of the lower limb, adduction movements of the hip move the whole limb towards the mid-line of the body; thus, adducting both hip joints would bring the legs together.
		Powerful adduction of the hip joint allows the legs to grip and is important in activities like climbing or riding a horse.
	www.gla.ac.uk /ibls/fab/glossary/adduction.html (162 words)

	Anatomical terms of motion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Adduction - A motion that pulls a structure or part towards the midline of the body, or towards the midline of a limb.
		In the case of the fingers or toes, adduction is closing the digits together.
		Adduction of the wrist is called ulnar deviation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Adduction (830 words)

	Methods for evaluating the progression of osteoarthritis
		The higher the adduction moment, the greater the load on the medial plateau relative to that of the lateral plateau, and the higher the bone mineral content in the proximal tibia under the medial plateau (B in Figure 1) as compared to that under the lateral plateau (24).
		It has also been shown that although the preoperative adduction moment is not correlated with the mechanical axis, the postoperative adduction is correlated with the postoperative mechanical axis, and the change in the adduction moment is correlated with the change in the mechanical axis (25).
		The external knee adduction moment was increased by 10 percent and the external knee flexion moment by 20 percent.
	www.vard.org /jour/00/37/2/andriacchi.htm (4540 words)

	Cyclic esotropia and the treatment of over-elevation in adduction and V-pattern -- Pott et al. 88 (1): 66 -- British ...
		and bilateral over-elevation in adduction in patients with cyclic
		palsy is characterised by over-elevation in adduction and V-pattern.
		In conclusion, bilateral over-elevation in adduction and V-pattern
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/88/1/66 (1380 words)

	Testosterone Nation - Construction by Adduction
		Adduction refers to the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body in the frontal plane (also known as the coronal or lateral plane).
		While adduction is the primary function of each, the amount of hip flexion present determines whether or not some of the adductors work on the femur as medial or lateral rotators and extensors or flexors (2).
		In those eight players, average preseason hip adduction strength was 18% lower than that of the players that did not experience a groin injury.
	www.t-nation.com /findArticle.do?article=299const2 (2433 words)

	The biomechanical and neural control of hydrostatic limb movements in Manduca sexta -- Mezoff et al. 207 (17): 3043 -- ...
		Both the rate and extent of membrane stretching are greatest at the lateral margin and decrease towards the medial surface causing adduction.
		Data from each adduction were aligned relative to the transition point from decreasing to increasing length at the subcoxa-coxal membrane but were otherwise not normalized.
		Cycles of retraction (gray regions) and adduction were evoked by mechanically stimulating the planta hairs and the medial hairs, respectively.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/207/17/3043 (5760 words)

	46 Adduction
		Adduction provides us with the rules of evidence and counterevidence, which allow us to weight the varying probabilities of theses.
		Adduction is performed by means of the logical relations described by hypothetical and disjunctive propositions.
		In that case apodosis and adduction (in the narrow senses we adopted) would respectively be: forward and backward apodosis (in the larger sense), or necessary/deductive and merely-probable/inductive adduction (in the larger sense).
	www.thelogician.net /2_future_logic/2_chapter_46.htm (4037 words)

	Arch Ophthalmol -- Adduction on Attempted Abduction: The Opposite of Synergistic Divergence, June 2006, Kim and Hwang ...
		Arch Ophthalmol -- Adduction on Attempted Abduction: The Opposite of Synergistic Divergence, June 2006, Kim and Hwang 124 (6): 918
		Adduction on Attempted Abduction: The Opposite of Synergistic Divergence
		Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.
	archopht.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/short/124/6/918?rss=1 (165 words)

	A Case Study Using Fluoroscope to Determine the Vital Elements of Transfemoral Interface Design - Journal of ...
		In the full socket, the femur was held in 2-3 degrees of adduction during the static radiographs (Figure 1A and Figure 1B), despite 8 degrees of socket adduction.
		It varied from 3 degrees of adduction to 4-5 degrees of abduction from weight (Figure 2A) to non-weight (Figure 3A) bearing.
		The lateral wall seemed to assist in maintaining an adduction angle close to that of the static radiograph.
	www.oandp.org /jpo/library/2002_03_121.asp (2090 words)

	adduction - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		Adduction is the movement of a constituent part of the body perpendicularly but towards the median plane.
		adduction in the hands and feet where it describes a movement of a 'fanned out' digit or digits towards the median plane
		adduction of the thumb where it describes the movement of the abducted thumb back into the plane of the palm
	www.gpnotebook.com /cache/543883321.htm (140 words)

	U of MI/Muscles in Action
		A movement of a body part away from the midline, either of the body as a whole or that of the hand or foot, is termed abduction (L., to carry away).
		In addition, movement of certain of the metacarpals (or metatarsals) occurs at their joint with carpal bones of the wrist (or tarsals of the foot).
		The actions of abduction and adduction were previously described with regard to movements relating to the body as a whole.
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/Hypermuscle/Hyper.html (1130 words)

	BROWN SYNDROME (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		In some cases, there is discomfort on attempted elevation in adduction, the patient may feel or even hear a click under the same circumstances, and there may be a palpable mass or tenderness in the trochlear region.
		He initially believed that the simulated inferior oblique palsy was due to an innervational disturbance to this muscle, with secondary contracture of the anterior sheath of the superior oblique tendon.
		Brown attributed the syndrome to congenital shortening of the sheath surrounding the reflected tendon of the superior oblique muscle.
	www.members.aol.com /scottolitsky/browns.htm (530 words)

	Dynamic load at baseline can predict radiographic disease progression in medial compartment knee osteoarthritis -- ...
		Figure 2 Receiver operating characteristic curves of the baseline adduction moment, mechanical axis, joint space width, and pain score for discriminating radiographic disease progression in medial compartment knee OA.
		The adduction moment of the knee is a major determinant of medial
		Knee adduction moment, serum hyaluronan level, and disease severity in medial tibiofemoral osteoarthritis.
	ard.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/61/7/617 (3574 words)

	ANNALS Sep1998: ADDUCTION ARYTENOPEXY: A NEW PROCEDURE FOR PARALYTIC DYSPHONIA WITH IMPLICATIONS . . . (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		Therefore, a new adduction procedure (adduction arytenopexy) was devised to affix the arytenoid on the cricoid facet in a more optimal position for glottal sound production.
		The arytenoid is rocked internally on the cricoid facet, and suture tension is adjusted appropriately to simulate normal cricoarytenoid adduction.
		In the first study, the adduction arytenopexy was compared with the classic arytenoid adduction in 10 fresh cadaver larynges.
	www.annals.com /abs/annals104.htm (238 words)

	Combining isometric knee extension exercises with hip adduction or abduction does not increase quadriceps EMG activity ...
		Combining isometric knee extension exercises with hip adduction or abduction does not increase quadriceps EMG activity -- Hertel et al.
		The influence of isometric hip adduction on quadriceps femoris activity.
		The effect of free isotonic and maximal isometric contraction exercises of the hip adduction on vastus medialis oblique muscle: an electromyographic study.
	bjsm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/38/2/210 (2255 words)

	eMedicine - Duane Syndrome : Article by Arun Verma, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		In neuropathologic terms, the cause of DS is an absent sixth-nerve nucleus and innervation of the lateral rectus by a branch of the inferior division of the third nerve.
		Therefore, the generally accepted concept was that the cause of abduction deficiency was fibrosis of the lateral rectus muscle and that the limitation of adduction was caused by a false posterior insertion of the medial rectus muscle or by adhesions between the medial rectus muscle and the orbital wall.
		The upshoot in adduction that often is seen in DS bears some resemblance to inferior oblique overaction, but inferior oblique weakening procedures usually are ineffectual in correcting the problem.
	www.emedicine.com /oph/topic326.htm (7501 words)

	Duane Retraction Syndrome (DRS) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		Type I. Marked limitation or complete absence of abduction, normal or only slightly restrict adduction, narrowing of the palpebral fissure and retraction of the globe on adduction, and widening of the palpebral fissure on attempted abduction.
		Limitation or absence of adduction with exotropia of the affected eye.
		Retraction of the globe and narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction.
	members.aol.com /scottolitsky/duanes.htm (492 words)

	EyeRounds.org: Acute Acquired Brown Syndrome: 38 year-old Male with Ethmoidal Sinus Mucocele
		Note the under-elevation in adduction of the right eye, which is worse in attempted gaze to the patient's upper left.
		The cause of vertical binocular diplopia in this patient was a ethmoidal sinus mucocele pressing on the globe resulting in effacement of the superior oblique tendon with anterolateral displacement of the trochlea thus causing a limitation to elevation in adduction classically known as Brown Syndrome.
		Following endoscopic removal of the mass the patient was relieved of diplopia and ugze ability in adduction was improved, but moderately limited.
	webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu /eyeforum/cases/50-Acquired-Brown-Syndrome-Ethmoid-Mucocele.htm (780 words)

	Eye Conditions - Duane’s Syndrome
		Duane's syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by inability of one or both eyes to turn outwards beyond the midline (known as an abduction deficit).
		In some cases there is also a deficit of inward motility of the eye (turning toward the nose) known as an adduction deficit.
		Classically, on attempted adduction there is retraction of the eye into the socket producing narrowing of the eyelids.
	www.eyemdlink.com /doctorweb/tymiakwrap/Condition.asp?ConditionID=168 (201 words)

	Supination - Adduction Injuries of the Ankle - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		Supination - Adduction Injuries of the Ankle - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		- supination of foot is combination of inward rotation at ankle, adduction of the hindfoot, and inversion of the forefoot;
		- subsequently, adduction forces talus against the medial side of the joint, resulting in vertical frx of medial malleolus;
	wheelessonline.com /ortho/supination_adduction_injuries_of_the_ankle (340 words)

	hyper reflexia
		Zero is no reflex with re-enforcement or counter pressure, 1 is reflex with counter pressure, 2 is normal, 3 is increased but not pathological, and 4 is marked hyperactive and often associated with clonus.
		What you are describing is cross adduction, this is where the reflex is elicited on the left side of the body and a reflex is seen on the other side or right side of the body.
		Reflex hyper-active states are from central process abnormality that may or may not show cross adduction reflexes.
	www.medhelp.org /forums/neuro/messages/30803a.html (323 words)

	Handbook of Ocular Disease Management - Aberrant Regeneration of Cranial Nerve III
		Left adduction deficit in aberrant regeneration of CN III.
		In secondary aberrant regeneration, there may be residual adduction, elevation and depression deficits, as well as some degree of ptosis.
		Upon adduction, there will also be lid elevation and widening of the palpebral fissure.
	www.revoptom.com /HANDBOOK/oct02_sec6_3.htm (641 words)

	Otolaryngology Surgery - Resident Research
		Medialization laryngoplasty reduces the glottal gap in the anterior vocal fold and therefore is often combined with arytenoid adduction to also minimize the posterior glottal gap.
		Recently, a new procedure termed “adduction arytenopexy” was introduced to reposition the paralyzed arytenoid in a more natural, physiologic position during phonation.
		The purpose of this study is to directly compare the acoustic and aerodynamic effects of medialization laryngoplasty and arytenoid adduction versus adduction arytenopexy in an excised, human larynx model.
	www.surgery.wisc.edu /Oto/research/resident_mcnamar.shtml (323 words)

	Handbook of Ocular Disease Management - Duane's Retraction Syndrome
		and presents as an adduction palsy, globe retraction on attempted adduction and intact abduction.
		All cases may present with the "tether" phenomenon, with over-elevation or over-depression in adduction.
		This "miswiring" produces a dual electromyographic firing of the recti upon attempted adduction, resulting in globe retraction and palpebral fissure narrowing.
	www.revoptom.com /handbook/oct02_sec6_1.htm (565 words)

	Orthopedic shoe insert for correction of the adduction of the large toe (US5572808)
		An orthopedic shoe insert for correcting the adduction of the large toe is disclosed.
		The insert comprises generally a foot bed-like rear foot shell whose front edge lies approximately below the ball of the large toe and a corrective lobe molded on the side for supporting and guiding the large toe.
		An orthopedic shoe insert of plastic material for correcting the adduction of a large toe of a foot, comprising:
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US05572808 (417 words)

	Changes in Upper Extremity Position Cause Migration of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters in Neonates -- Nadroo et ...
		Group 1, adduction of the arm with fixed elbow position; group 2, flexion of the elbow with fixed shoulder position; group 3A, adduction of the arm and simultaneous flexion of the elbow; group 3B, adduction of the arm and simultaneous extension of the elbow.
		Catheter placed in basilic vein; maximum inward displacement of the tip caused by simultaneous shoulder adduction and elbow flexion from A to B. Table 1 summarizes the direction of the movements of the catheter
		A, Tip looped into the neck; B, movement of the tip to the medial end of the clavicle with abduction of arm and extension of elbow; C, reposition to junction of superior vena cava and subclavian vein with shoulder adduction and elbow flexion.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/110/1/131 (3184 words)

	Neuromuscular Reflexes Contribute to Knee Stiffness During Valgus Loading -- Dhaher et al. 93 (5): 2698 -- Journal of ...
		As shown in the figure, co-contraction of both medial and lateral muscles resulted in an increase of the knee adduction torque at the –4° abduction offset angle.
		Inset: 3 components of the piecewise continuous function used to describe the mean of the hysteresis loop representing torque-angle relationship in the abduction/adduction direction in the volitionally relaxed state.
		resulting adduction torque was used as a measure of the subject’s
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/93/5/2698 (7567 words)

	Amazon.com: adduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		Pyriform Sinus Mucosa Stabilization for Prevention of Postoperative Airway Obstruction in Arytenoid Adduction: An article from: The Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology by Nicolas E Maragos (Mar 31, 2006)
		Studies of the adduction of hepatocellular proteins by 4-HNE in animal models of alcoholic liver disease: Systematic analysis of hepatocellular Erk 1/2...
		Adduction arytenopexy: A new procedure for paralytic dysphonia with implications for implant medialization (Annals of otology, rhinology & laryngology) by Steven M Zeitels (Unknown Binding - 1998)
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=adduction&tag=dragoncon&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (482 words)

	Clinical Trial: Effect of Hip Adduction Combination With Knee Extension Exercise on Morphology of Quadriceps Muscles, ...
		The purpose of the study is to investigate the treatment effects of hip adduction combine knee extension exercise in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
		The first hypothesis of the study is that patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome will get improvement in muscle morphology of quadriceps muscle, pain, and functional abilities after hip adduction combine knee extension exercise training.
		The second hypothesis is that patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome who receive hip adduction combine knee extension exercise training will get more improvement in muscle morphology of quadriceps muscle, pain, and functional abilities than patients who receive traditional knee extension exercise training.
	www.clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00166777 (657 words)

	Carcinogen Adduction to DNA and a Visual Representation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-06)
		It has been speculated that carcinogen adduction to DNA causes cancer.
		This adduction causes guanine to pair with adenine instead of its normal partner cytosine.
		Carcinogen adduction is more likely to occur where there is a repetition of a single base in the sequencing (i.e.
	www.asms.net /rtc/19971998/SerenaLong.html (176 words)

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