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Topic: Adipocytes

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	CiteULike: Tag adipocytes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in maintenance of the characteristics of mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
		Trans-10, cis-12 CLA increases adipocyte lipolysis and alters lipid droplet-associated proteins: Role of mTOR and ERK signaling.
		Mechanism of feedback regulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylation in primary adipocytes.
	www.citeulike.org /tag/adipocytes (722 words)

	Nuclear estradiol binding in rat adipocytes. Regional variations and regulatory influences of hormones. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The nuclear estrogen receptor was characterised in isolated rat adipocytes.
		The binding reaction with [3H]estradiol was performed with intact isolated rat adipocytes and the radioactivity associated with the nucleus was subsequently determined after cell lysis.
		In lean rats the highest receptor number was found in epididymal adipocytes, whereas there was a significantly lower number of nuclear binding sites in perirenal and subcutaneous adipocytes (P less than 0.05), unlike in older and more obese rats where the nuclear estradiol binding was greatest in adipocytes from the perirenal fat depot.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_1646650.html (263 words)

	A Role for Protein Kinase Bbeta /Akt2 in Insulin-Stimulated GLUT4 Translocation in Adipocytes -- Hill et al. 19 (11): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Microinjection of a PKB substrate peptide (KRPRAATF) caused significant
		inhibition of insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
		Correlation of the insulin receptor substrate-1 with insulin-responsive deoxyglucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/19/11/7771 (6108 words)

	Dieting Women (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Instead, what happens is that as an adipocyte absorbs excess fat and increases in size to approximately 15-20 microns (the diameter of a human hair is 100 microns), it sends a biochemical signal to adjacent adipocyte precursor cells called preadipocytes to absorb fat and grow larger.
		It is believed by many scientists that the number of adipocytes stays fairy stable after adolescence and instead of an increase in the number of adipocytes during adulthood, the mature adipocytes enlarge to increase body fat.
		What does happen is that when you exercise, adipocytes get a signal from hormones circulating in the blood stream to release fat (sort of like putting your foot on the gas pedal in your car to get the gasoline flowing to the carburetor), and adipocytes from all over the body get released.
	groups.msn.com /dietingwomen/allaboutfat.msnw (1629 words)

	Expression of Interleukin-6 Is Greater in Preadipocytes than in Adipocytes of 3T3-L1 Cells and C57BL/6J and ob/ob Mice ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		IL-6 expression in primary adipose tissue SVF and in adipocytes.
		IL-6 levels were measured using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes that were stimulated with 0, 50, 100, and 200 µg/L LPS for 12 h.
		IL-6 mRNA levels were measured using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and fully differentiated adipocytes that were treated with 200 µg/L LPS for 0, 1, and 3 h.
	www.nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/134/10/2673 (3300 words)

	Dehydroepiandrosterone Stimulates Glucose Uptake in Human and Murine Adipocytes by Inducing GLUT1 and GLUT4 ...
		Adipocytes were left untreated (Bas) or incubated with 100 nmol/l insulin (Ins) for 15 min or 100 µmol/l DHEA (DH) for 120 min at 37°C. LDM and PM fractions were prepared as described in
		Adipocytes were left untreated (Bas) or incubated with 100 nmol/l insulin (Ins) for 15 min or 100 µmol/l DHEA (DH) for 120 min at 37°C. PM sheets were prepared as described in
		Adipocytes were left untreated (Bas) or treated with 100 nmol/l insulin (Ins) for 15 min or 100 µmol/l DHEA (DH) for 120 min at 37°C. Cells were homogenized, and LDM and PM fractions were obtained as described in
	diabetes.diabetesjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/1/41 (7155 words)

	Adipocytes from Munc18c-null mice show increased sensitivity to insulin-stimulated GLUT4 externalization -- Kanda et ...
		Insulin-stimulated translocation of endogenous GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in MEF-derived adipocytes.
		adipocytes were infected with a retroviral vector encoding a GFP fusion protein of Myc epitope–tagged GLUT4 (GLUT4-myc7-GFP).
		adipocytes infected with adex-Munc18c at an MOI of 5 were fixed, permeabilized, subjected to immunofluorescence staining with antibodies to Munc18c, and analyzed by confocal microscopy.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/115/2/291 (5538 words)

	Leptin Production in Adipocytes from Morbidly Obese Subjects: Stimulation by Dexamethasone, Inhibition with ...
		inhibition) and omental adipocytes (134 ± 26% inhibition).
		glucose uptake and lactate release in omental adipocytes at
		by dexamethasone and troglitazone in adipocytes from morbidly obese
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/85/8/2678 (4412 words)

	Adipocytes Exhibit Abnormal Subcellular Distribution and Translocation of Vesicles Containing Glucose Transporter 4 and ...
		Isolated adipocytes were obtained from control and type 2 diabetic subjects, incubated in the absence and presence of maximal insulin, and processed to obtain PM and LDM fractions.
		PM subfractions were obtained from isolated adipocytes that were preincubated in the absence and presence of insulin.
		HDMs were obtained from isolated adipocytes that were preincubated in the absence and presence of maximal insulin.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/86/11/5450 (5173 words)

	The Transcription Factor CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein {alpha} Is Required for the Intracellular Retention of GLUT4 -- ...
		In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, GLUT4 and IRAP are segregated from endosomes and
		pathway, characteristic of adipocytes, is uncoupled from the
		A, schematic of the endocytic pathways in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/279/40/41468 (4521 words)

	Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in primary murine adipocytes -- Hertzel et al. 41 (7): 1082 -- Journal of Lipid ...
		adipocytes from inbred strains of mice harboring mutations in
		Confocal laser-scanning image of infected living adipocytes (A) and uninfected control cells (B), with fluorescence of GFP and labeling with propidium iodide.
		Primary adipocytes were treated with or without TPA at 100 ng/mL for 8 h.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/41/7/1082 (2514 words)

	Fatty Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Adipocytes -- Van Epps-Fung et al. 138 (10): 4338 -- Endocrinology
		In 3T3-L1 adipocytes overexpressing the EGF receptor, LCSFA
		adipocytes, the membrane was probed with mouse monoclonal antiphosphotyrosine
		Lawrence Jr JC, Larner J 1978 Activation of glycogen synthase in rat adipocytes by insulin and glucose involves increased glucose transport and phosphorylation.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/138/10/4338 (4806 words)

	Susceptibility to Apoptosis in Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Receptor-deficient Brown Adipocytes -- Valverde et al. 15 ...
		IGF-IR brown adipocytes were cultured under growing conditions (10% FS) or for 4 h in serum-free medium either in the absence or in the presence of 0.5 mM dbcAMP.
		Wild-type and IGF-IR brown adipocytes were cultured under growing conditions (FS) or in serum-free medium for 24 h either in the absence or in the presence of insulin (10-100 nM).
		Insulin rescues from apoptosis IGF-IR brown adipocytes in a PI 3-kinase independent-manner.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/15/11/5101 (8330 words)

	Insulin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Activation of insulin receptors leads to internal cellular mechanisms which directly affect glucose uptake by regulating the number and operation of protein molecules in the cell membrane which transport glucose into the cell.
		Two types of tissues are most strongly influenced by insulin as far as the stimulation of glucose uptake is concerned: muscle cells (myocytes) and fat cells (adipocytes).
		The former are important because of their central role in movement, breathing, circulation, etc, and the latter because they accumulate excess food energy against future needs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Insulin (4738 words)

	Inhibition of store-operated Ca2+ entry by extracellular ATP in rat brown adipocytes -- Omatsu-Kanbe and Matsuura 521 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The brown adipocytes isolated by this procedure were found to contain very little fat, and most of the cells sank to the bottom of dishes and adhered to the cover slips within 30 min.
		The mature brown adipocytes accumulated numerous lipid droplets during culture and retained the ability to respond to both noradrenaline and ATP for at least 6 days, while the immature-type cells neither responded to these stimulants nor accumulated any lipid, even after 6 days of culture.
		Single brown adipocytes were thus found to maintain the characteristic expression of mitochondrial UCP for a period of 1-4 days of culture.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/521/3/601 (7974 words)

	PRL Receptor-Mediated Effects in Female Mouse Adipocytes: PRL Induces Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling Expression and ...
		Time-course induction of SOCS mRNAs by oPRL and insulin in mouse adipocytes cultured in vitro.
		uptake in adipocytes in vitro, and hyperprolactinemia increases insulin
		of CIS and SOCS-3 in adipocytes in vitro.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/142/11/4880 (6058 words)

	Expression Profiling Identifies Genes That Continue to Respond to Insulin in Adipocytes Made Insulin-resistant by ...
		Differentially expressed genes were identified using Affymetrix U74A v2 microarrays as described under "Experimental Procedures." Shown are the genes that were up-regulated in response to insulin treatment and for which there is a significant difference in the FC between N and IR cells.
		Differentially expressed genes were identified using Affymetrix U74A v2 microarrays as described under "Experimental Procedures." Shown are the genes that were down-regulated in response to insulin treatment and for which there is a significant difference in the FC between N and IR cells.
		in adipocyte physiology/pathophysiology in vitro and in vivo.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/278/52/52298 (5586 words)

	Leptin-induced lipolysis opposes the tonic inhibition of endogenous adenosine in white adipocytes -- FRÜHBECK et ...
		Leptin-induced lipolysis opposes the tonic inhibition of endogenous adenosine in white adipocytes -- FRÜHBECK et al.
		Leptin-induced lipolysis opposes the tonic inhibition of endogenous adenosine in white adipocytes
		activity of adipocytes in the ligand-free state from fa/fa rats.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/abstract/15/2/333 (323 words)

	Skin -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Erector muscles, attached between the hair papilla and epidermis, can contract, resulting in the hair fibre pulled upright and consequentially (Reflex erection of hairs of the skin in response to cold or emotional stress or skin irritation) goose bumps.
		The main cell types are (A cell from which connective tissue develops) fibroblasts, (Click link for more info and facts about adipocyte) adipocytes (fat storage) and (A large phagocyte; some are fixed and other circulate in the blood stream) macrophages.
		The main cell types are fibroblasts, macrophages and adipocytes (the hypodermis contains 50% of body fat).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sk/skin.htm (1459 words)

	Zinc Has an Insulin-Like Effect on Glucose Transport Mediated by Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase and Akt in 3T3-L1 Fibroblasts ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The effect of zinc on glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the presence and absence of insulin.
		Fibroblasts (A) and adipocytes (B) were pretreated with 2 µmol/L cytochalasin D in serum-free medium for 3 h, and during the last 30 min incubated with 14 nmol/L insulin or 200 µmol/L ZnCl
		The effect of the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor H7 on basal, zinc- and insulin-induced glucose transport in 3T3-L1 cells.
	nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/131/5/1414 (4542 words)

	Desensitization of the {beta}-Adrenergic Response in Human Brown Adipocytes -- Jockers et al. 139 (6): 2676 -- ...
		AR gene in brown adipocytes and PAZ6 adipocytes.
		A, Mature brown adipocytes were isolated and cultivated for 19 h.
		Desensitization of ß-adrenergic responsiveness in PAZ6 adipocytes at subsaturating agonist concentrations.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/139/6/2676 (5531 words)

	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} is required in mature white and brown adipocytes for their survival ...
		Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} is required in mature white and brown adipocytes for their survival in the mouse -- Imai et al.
		D4 adipocytes, whereas no DNA excision was observed at D0 (Fig.
		vicinity of necrotic adipocytes and lipid droplets (Fig.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/13/4543 (2653 words)

	Adipocytes with increased hexosamine flux exhibit insulin resistance, increased glucose uptake, and increased synthesis ...
		Adipocytes with increased hexosamine flux exhibit insulin resistance, increased glucose uptake, and increased synthesis and storage of lipid -- McClain et al.
		Articles by McClain, D. Articles by Cooksey, R. Adipocytes with increased hexosamine flux exhibit insulin resistance, increased glucose uptake, and increased synthesis and storage of lipid
		pathway upregulates fat storage in adipocytes in states of carbohydrate
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/288/5/E973 (321 words)

	Intracellular distribution and mobilization of unesterified cholesterol in adipocytes: triglyceride droplets are ...
		Intracellular distribution and mobilization of unesterified cholesterol in adipocytes: triglyceride droplets are surrounded by cholesterol-rich ER-like surface layer structures -- Prattes et al.
		Intracellular distribution and mobilization of unesterified cholesterol in adipocytes: triglyceride droplets are surrounded by cholesterol-rich ER-like surface layer structures
		adipocytes was unaffected in the presence of brefeldin A or monensin, the
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/113/17/2977 (1041 words)

	Human Adipocytes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Previously, most research in adipocyte biology was conducted in mouse 3T3-L1 cell lines
		It was impossible to use human adipocytes because they die within 24 hours after isolation.
		To facilitate the study of human adipocyte biology, now we provide HAd (Human Adipocytes) which were differentiated from HPAd (Human Preadipocytes) through use of Adipocyte Differentiation Medium.
	cellapplications.com /HAd.htm (239 words)

	TSH Stimulates IL-6 Secretion from Adipocytes in Culture -- Bell et al. 23 (12): 65 -- Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, ...
		Differentiated 3T3-F442A adipocytes (A), 3T3-L1 adipocytes (B), and human adipocytes (C) were stimulated under serum-free conditions for 4 hours with TSH, or isoproterenol in A, and IL-6 secretion was measured, as described.
		Data are expressed as means±SEM of 6 separate experiments (A and B), or of 3 separate patient studies (C), each performed in duplicate.
		Janson A, Rawet H, Perbeck L, Marcus C. Presence of thyrotropin receptor in infant adipocytes.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/23/12/e65 (1170 words)

	Zinc Has an Insulin-Like Effect on Glucose Transport Mediated by Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase and Akt in 3T3-L1 Fibroblasts ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Zinc Has an Insulin-Like Effect on Glucose Transport Mediated by Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase and Akt in 3T3-L1 Fibroblasts and Adipocytes
		on adipocytes was greater than on preadipocytes, and the effect
		adipocytes after 5–10 min of treatment (P < 0.05).
	nutrition.org /cgi/content/abstract/131/5/1414 (477 words)

	A Role for Protein Kinase Bbeta /Akt2 in Insulin-Stimulated GLUT4 Translocation in Adipocytes -- Hill et al. 19 (11): ...
		Tremblay, F., Gagnon, A., Veilleux, A., Sorisky, A., Marette, A. Activation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway Acutely Inhibits Insulin Signaling to Akt and Glucose Transport in 3T3-L1 and Human Adipocytes.
		Gronning, L. M., Cederberg, A., Miura, N., Enerback, S., Tasken, K. Insulin and TNF{alpha} Induce Expression of the Forkhead Transcription Factor Gene Foxc2 in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via PI3K and ERK 1/2-Dependent Pathways.
		Shigematsu, S., Miller, S. L., Pessin, J. Differentiated 3T3L1 Adipocytes Are Composed of Heterogenous Cell Populations with Distinct Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling Properties.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/19/11/7771 (2715 words)

	Effects of insulin on intracellular GLUT4 vesicles in adipocytes: evidence for a secretory mode of regulation -- Martin ...
		Effects of insulin on intracellular GLUT4 vesicles in adipocytes: evidence for a secretory mode of regulation -- Martin et al.
		Effects of insulin on intracellular GLUT4 vesicles in adipocytes: evidence for a secretory mode of regulation
		selectively sorted into a vesicular compartment in adipocytes that is
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/113/19/3427 (610 words)

	Dovonex Skincare Pharmatia Pharmacy: drugs & medicines
		Erector muscles, attached between the hair papilla and epidermis, can contract, resulting in the hair fibre pulled upright and consequentially goose bumps.
		The main cell types are fibroblasts, adipocytes (fat storage) and macrophages.
		Sebaceous glands are exocrine glands which produce sebum, a mixture of lipids and waxy substances: lubrication, water-proofing, softening and antibatericidal actions are among the many functions of sebum.
	pharmatia.net /skincare/dovonex.php (1658 words)

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