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Topic: Adipokine

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Resistin

Adiponectin

Tumor necrosis factor

Leptin

Obesity

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	Intra-individual Variation of Plasma Adipokine Levels and Utility of Single Measurement of These Biomarkers in ...
		Intra-individual Variation of Plasma Adipokine Levels and Utility of Single Measurement of These Biomarkers in Population-Based Studies -- Lee et al.
		Adipokines, soluble mediators produced by adipocytes, may link
		of single measurements was assessed by correlating the adipokine
	cebp.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/16/11/2464 (263 words)

	Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology \| Adipokines as emerging mediators of immune response and inflammation \| Article
		Adipokines include a variety of pro-inflammatory peptides (including tumor necrosis factor [TNF], the secretion of which by adipocytes was observed even before the discovery of leptin).
		Visfatin is an insulin-mimetic adipokine that was originally discovered in liver, skeletal muscle and bone marrow as a growth factor for B lymphocyte precursors (whence its alternative name, pre-B-colony enhancing factor, or PBEF).
		Adipokines are soluble factors produced prevalently by white adipose tissue that have emerged as modulators of inflammation and the immune response
	www.nature.com /uidfinder/10.1038/ncprheum0674 (4684 words)

	Research project Obesity, adipokines and insulin sensitivity in gestational d ...
		Obesity, adipokines and insulin sensitivity in gestational diabetes mellitus and their offspring.
		In this project,we study the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in association with obesity and GDM, and glucose tolerance in the offspring.
		In preg- nant women, we measure adipokines as well as genetic variation of leptin receptor and PPARg in relation to body weight/weight gain during pregnancy and the development of GDM.
	www.kuleuven.ac.be /research/researchdatabase/project/3M02/3M020010.htm (166 words)

	Relationship between Adipocyte Size and Adipokine Expression and Secretion -- Skurk et al. 92 (3): 1023 -- Journal of ...
		Adipokine release was also calculated as release per square micron adipocyte surface (right panels) and a linear regression analysis was performed.
		Release of leptin and proinflammatory adipokines from freshly isolated adipocytes separated according to adipocyte volume.
		Release of adipokines with antiinflammatory properties from freshly isolated adipocytes separated according to adipocyte volume.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/92/3/1023 (5579 words)

	www.ifcc.org - eJIFCC 2006; 17(4) - New adipokines linked to obesity and obesity-related diseases
		Production of pro-inflammatory adipokines is increased in obesity which has led to the view that chronic low-grade inflammation is a characteristic feature in the obese subjects and that this links causally to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome [3,11].
		This adipokine may be regarded as a potential non-invasive marker for assessing airways inflammation in asthmatics and predicting cardiac events in patients with CAD [36,37].
		The molecular effects of adipokines are a challenging area of research and their in-depth understanding will undoubtedly lead to the discovery of effective therapeutic interventions.
	www.ifcc.org /index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=438&Itemid=285 (3160 words)

	Research grants awarded in June 2004
		Adipokine regulation of macrophage cholesterol efflux pathways: obesity and vascular disease in Type 2 diabetes.
		The underlying reasons are not fully understood, but may be related to low circulating levels of athero-protective high density lipoproteins (HDL; _-lipoproteins), involved in removing excess cholesterol from (macrophages) within the artery wall and transporting it to the liver for excretion.
		This proposal focuses on the roles of adipokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin, as regulators of cellular cholesterol efflux mechanisms and, therefore, determinants of hypoalphalipoproteinaemia in type 2 diabetics.
	www.diabetes.org.uk /research/grants/awardsjune04.htm (1420 words)

	Adipokines, metabolic syndrome and atherogenesis
		Insulin resistance is associated with a plethora of metabolic perturbances (dyslipidaemia, hypertension, abnormal haemostasis, low grade inflammation, altered adipokine levels) and many of these abnormalities can directly or indirectly accelerate the atherogenic process, often well in advance of glucose dysregulation.
		There is thus great clinical interest in assessing the degree of insulin resistance in an attempt to improve risk prediction for vascular disease.
		Whether adipokine measurements help in this regards is a focus of intense interest.
	www.endocrine-abstracts.org /ea/0009/ea0009s20.htm (245 words)

	Expression and secretion of inflammation-related adipokines by human adipocytes differentiated in culture: integrated ...
		Expression of adipokine genes in preadipocytes and differentiated adipocytes.
		Adipokine concentration was measured in the medium of cultured cells by ELISA, and the data are given as means ± SE (n = 3 at each time point).
		Adipokine concentration was measured by ELISA in the medium of cells treated as in Fig.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/288/4/E731 (5505 words)

	British Nutrition Foundation
		Adipokines: Proteins that are secreted from (and synthesized by) adipocytes, these include cytokines, growth factors, enzymes and hormones.
		Resistin: An adipokine that causes insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in mice.
		TNFalpha is also an adipokine and plays a pivotal role in relation to the production of several cytokines and other adipokines.
	www.nutrition.org.uk /home.asp?siteId=43§ionId=1045&subSectionId=327&parentSection=301&which=3 (1272 words)

	Diabetes: A burning question: does an adipokine-induced activation of the immune system mediate the effect of ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The traditional view of adipose tissue as a passive energy storage depot was challenged when it was identified as a major site for the metabolism of steroid hormones (38), and it is no longer valid after the discovery that adipose tissue secretes a number of bioactive proteins.
		These proteins, known as adipokines, have local autocrine/paracrine effects as well as systemic hormonal effects and span a vast array of chemical structures and functional classes (Fig.
		Finally, other proinflammatory adipokines, such as complement C3 and macrophage inhibitor factor, were inversely and independently associated with insulin sensitivity (70,71).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0922/is_4_54/ai_n13698069/pg_2 (1340 words)

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		Adipokines [leptin, adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and highly sensitive C-reactive protein were measured before and after the intervention.
		DISCUSSION: Weight reduction in obese individuals with insulin resistance was associated with a significant decrease in leptin and IL-6 and a tendency toward a decrease in circulating TNF-alpha, whereas adiponectin was increased only in diabetic subjects.
		Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between changes of adipokines and the health benefits of weight loss.
	darwinpharmacy.com /ref-weight-loss-007/weight-loss-007-research-abs3.354.html (808 words)

	Changes in adipokine expression during food deprivation in the mouse and the relationship to fasting-induced insulin ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Changes in adipokine expression during food deprivation in the mouse and the relationship to fasting-induced insulin resistance.
		Changes in adipokine expression during food deprivation in the mouse and the relationship to fasting-induced insulin resistance.We investigated the changes in insulin resistance and adipose tissue expression of the adipokines resistin, adiponectin, and leptin and the transcription factors peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor-gamma ( PPAR-gamma) and retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXR-alpha) during 48 h of food deprivation.
		These data indicate that changes in the expression of leptin are more closely correlated with the insulin resistance of fasting than with changes in other adipokines or RXR-alpha and PPAR-gamma expression.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/10196364.html (202 words)

	IngentaConnect Adipokine levels in Cushings syndrome; elevated resistin levels i... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Adipokine levels in Cushing's syndrome; elevated resistin levels in female patients with Cushing's syndrome
		Adipose tissue is thought to regulates glucose homeostasis via circulating adipokines, such as resistin, leptin and adiponectin, although their role in the insulin resistance associated with CS has not been established.
		Of the adipokines measured, only resistin was significantly different between female CS patients and female control subjects (5·05 ± 0·56 vs.
	api.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/cend/2004/00000060/00000003/art00011 (369 words)

	AEGiS-15IAC: Assessment of adipokine expression and mitochondrial toxicity in HIV patients with lipoatrophy on ...
		AEGiS-15IAC: Assessment of adipokine expression and mitochondrial toxicity in HIV patients with lipoatrophy on stavudine and zidovudine containing regimens.
		Assessment of adipokine expression and mitochondrial toxicity in HIV patients with lipoatrophy on stavudine and zidovudine containing regimens.
		In order to further understand the relationship between mitochondrial toxicity, adipokine expression and LA, we have undertaken a cross-sectional analysis of patients on d4T and AZT -based regimens with LA in comparison to drug-naïve individuals.
	www.aegis.com /conferences/iac/2004/WePeB5948.html (385 words)

	Multiplexed Human Adipokine Array - Quansys Biosciences
		Adipose tissue responds to adipokines by modulating fat storage levels.
		The adipokine profile is the first line of regulation of fat metabolism to help extablish the metabolic state of fat in the body and the metabolic state of the body as a whole.
		The Quansys Human Adipokine Array with Q-Plex™ technology is a fully quantitative Multiplexed ELISA based test where up to four distinct capture antibodies have been absorbed to each well of a 96-well plate in a defined array.
	www.quansysbio.com /products/arrays/humanAdipokine.html (180 words)

	Adipokine profile and C-reactive protein in pregnancy: effects of glucose challenge response versus body mass index.
		Adipokine profile and C-reactive protein in pregnancy: effects of glucose challenge response versus body mass index.
		Effect of lifestyle modification on adipokine levels in obese subjects with insulin resistance.
		Adipokines and the insulin resistance syndrome in familial partial lipodystrophy caused by a mutation in lamin A/C. [Diabetologia.
	www.tripdatabase.com /spider.html?itemid=589377 (355 words)

	Circulating adipokine levels primarily attributable to ponderal index in obese children
		Circulating adipokine levels primarily attributable to ponderal index in obese children
		Polysomnographic evaluation and plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, glucose, insulin, and CRP were studied in 130 children (39% obese) in order to examine the associations between measures of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), insulin resistance and circulating levels of adipokines.
		According to the authors, circulating adipokines are primarily attributable to the ponderal index whereas SDB and associated hypoxemia may contribute to the elevation of leptin level.
	www.metabolic-syndrome-institute.org /news/2007/2007.07.04.php (269 words)

	RedNova News - Health - A Burning Question: Does an Adipokine-Induced Activation of the Immune System Mediate the ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Signaling receptors of the immune system (such as the mammalian toll-like receptors) induce signal transduction pathways that lead to the activation of transcription factors (83) that are also activated in response to proinflammat\ory cytokines.
		At this point, the leading theory is that activation of some inflammatory pathways, by some of the adipokines previously discussed, ultimately results in suppression of the insulin signal transduction by serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) phosphorylation (inactivation) of the IRS.
		Trayhurn P, Wood IS: Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue.
	www.rednova.com /news/display?id=143433&source=r_health (7596 words)

	Adipokine Gene Expression in a Novel Hypothalamic Neuronal Cell Line: Resistin-Dependent Regulation of Fasting-Induced ...
		Adipokines such as leptin, resistin, and fasting-induced adipose factor (FIAF) are secreted by adipocytes, but their expression is also detectable in the brain and pituitary.
		The role of central adipokines remains elusive, but we speculate that they may modulate those hypothalamic signaling pathways that control energy homeostasis.
		Here we describe experiments to test this in which we exploited a novel hypothalamic neuronal cell line (N-1) that expresses a variety of neuropeptides and receptors that are known to be implicated in appetite regulation.
	content.karger.com /produktedb/produkte.asp?doi=104248 (438 words)

	Obesity - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Since leptin, ghrelin, orexin, PYY 3-36, cholecystokinin, adiponectin and numerous other mediators have been studied.
		The adipokine s are mediators produced by adipose tissue; their action is thought to modify many obesity-related diseases.
		Leptin and ghrelin are considered to be complementary in their influence on appetite, with the stomach producing ghrelin when relatively empty and leptin being produced by adipose tissue when satiated with nutrients.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /obesity.htm (3812 words)

	Serum Adipokine and Ghrelin Levels in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
		Adipokines and ghrelin play role in insulin resistance, the key pathophysiological abnormality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases.
		Serum levels of the adipokines and ghrelin, however, were comparable in the subgroups of patients regardless of whether BMI was
		In conclusion; there is a significant relationship between NASH and adipokines and ghrelin independent from BMI and status of the glucose metabolism.
	www.hindawi.com /GetArticle.aspx?doi=10.1155/MI/2006/34295 (265 words)

	Fasting-induced adipose factor identified as a key adipokine that is up-regulated in white adipose tissue during ...
		Fasting-induced adipose factor identified as a key adipokine that is up-regulated in white adipose tissue during pregnancy and lactation in the rat -- Josephs et al.
		Articles by Josephs, T. Articles by Thompson, M. Fasting-induced adipose factor identified as a key adipokine that is up-regulated in white adipose tissue during pregnancy and lactation in the rat
		Adipokines, which are expressed and secreted from white adipose
	joe.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/abstract/194/2/305 (281 words)

	148 : Ghrelin and adipose tissue: evidence for selective direct effects on adipocyte signaling and metabolism (Site not responding. Last check: )
		However, direct ghrelin effects on peripheral tissues involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis are largely unknown.
		Using a brown adipocyte model we investigated differential direct effects of ghrelin on adipocyte signaling, metabolism and adipokine expression.
		In light of the prominent role of MAP kinase in the regulation of gene transcription, we finally investigated mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and the newly discovered adipokine adiponectin.
	www.thieme.de /abstracts/eced/abstracts2003/daten/148.html (321 words)

	Biochem. J. (2008) 409, 623–633 - Y. Wang and others - Glycosylation and oligomerization of adiponectin
		Adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing adipokine with anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.
		This adipokine is secreted from adipocytes into the circulation as three oligomeric isoforms, including trimeric, hexameric and the HMW (high-molecular-mass) oligomeric complex consisting of at least 18 protomers.
		The HMW oligomer is the major active form mediating the insulin-sensitizing effects of adiponectin, whereas the central actions of this adipokine are attributed primarily to the hexameric and trimeric oligomers.
	www.biochemj.org /bj/409/bj4090623.htm (456 words)

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