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	Comte de Grasse
		He was the son of Admiral de Grasse (1723-1788), who commanded the French fleet which helped in causing Cornwallis’ surrender at Yorktown and the triumph of the Americans.
		Comte de Grasse father in law become a founder in a Masonic Lodge named La Candeur at Charleston and is founded in large by French Roman Catholics.
		De Grasse goes to Santo Domingo to offer his services to General Hedouville and is captured, put in jail, and his feet/hands put in irons.
	www.scottishritecalifornia.org /comte_de_grasse.htm (768 words)

	american catholic france Amiral de Grasse
		François Joseph Paul, Count de Grasse, was born on 13 September 1722 near the Provencal town of Grasse, in the castle of Bar-sur-Loup, a village where visitors are surprised to find a street named “rue de Yorktown”.
		De Grasse assured Washington that he would remain until Cornwallis was forced to surrender.
		Admiral de Grasse's earthly remains are inconspicuously interred in the church of Saint Roch.
	mapage.noos.fr /usacatholicparis/degrasse.htm (1669 words)

	Battle of the Capes
		De Barras, lacking sufficient strength to confront the British, sailed off for temporary refuge in Boston Harbor.
		In mid-August, Admiral de Grasse sent word to George Washington that the French fleet would sail for service in Chesapeake Bay and be available for joint operations until mid-October.
		De Grasse realized that conducting naval operations within the bay's confines would be difficult and sailed into the Atlantic waters off the Virginia coast.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1320.html (771 words)

	Admiral de Grasse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Admiral de Grasse does not play into the Revolutionary War until the very end.
		After a naval battle with Admiral Thomas Graves in September of 1781, de Grasse controlled the Chesapeake.
		Without de Grasse's naval blockade of the Chesapeake Bay and Yorktown River, Cornwallis could have easily evaded the combined Franco-American troops and the war would have continued.
	members.aol.com /spursfan50/davidallen/degrasse.htm (118 words)

	Grasse, Francois Joseph Paul, comte de. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In 1781, in command of a French fleet sent to cooperate with the Continental forces in the American Revolution, he defeated a British naval force under Admiral Hood and captured Tobago.
		He outmaneuvered and defeated a British force under Admiral Graves, and men from his ships also took part in the land fight.
		After the Revolution was won, Admiral de Grasse was severely defeated (1782) by the British under Admiral Rodney in the West Indies.
	www.bartleby.com /65/gr/Grasse-F.html (173 words)

	Degrasse
		De Grasse was born into an old noble family in southern France in 1722.
		De Grasse, who knew that Washington and Rochambeau were on their way, knew that he had achieved his goal: with de Barras safely in the Chesapeake, Cornwallis was in the trap.
		On the 17th, Washington and de Grasse dined on the Ville de Paris, and much to the amusement of the guests, the 6'2" de Grasse kept calling the 6'4" American "mon petit general." On September 28, the combined FrancoAmerican armies left Williamsburg for Yorktown; three weeks later, Cornwallis surrendered.
	www.americanrevolution.org /degrasse.html (4023 words)

	NPS Historical Handbook: Yorktown
		Count de Grasse, Admiral of the French fleet in the Battle of the Virginia Capes and in the blockade of Yorktown in September—October 1781.
		De Grasse felt that there was urgent need for action, but Lafayette, even with the reinforcements of St. Simon, thought that it would not be wise to attack before Washington and the army under his command reached the area.
		It was on the 9th that De Grasse lost sight of the British and, fearing that a change of wind might prevent it, sailed toward the Chesapeake Bay, which he reached on the 11th.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/hh/14/hh14b1.htm (1709 words)

	USS De Grasse AP 164
		Admiral Comte de Grasse (1722-1788) commanded the French Fleet which defeated the British in the Battle off the Virginia Capes, 6 September 1781.
		De Grasse returned to Pearl Harbor 27 July and until the end of 1944 transported troops among the Marshalls, the Gilberts, and the Marianas, and trained men in the Hawaiian area for amphibious assaults.
		De Grasse sailed from Pearl Harbor 17 January 1945 to carry troops from Eniwetok, Guam, Saipan, and Majuro to Ulithi, staging point for the Okinawa operation.
	www.multied.com /NAVY/ap/DeGrasse.html (352 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Grasse, François Joseph Paul, comte de
		In 1781, in command of a French fleet sent to cooperate with the Continental forces in the American Revolution, he defeated a British naval force under Admiral Hood and captured Tobago.
		He outmaneuvered and defeated a British force under Admiral Graves, and men from his ships also took part in the land fight.
		After the Revolution was won, Admiral de Grasse was severely defeated (1782) by the British under Admiral Rodney in the West Indies.
	www.reference.com /browse/columbia/Grasse-F (138 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Grasse
		Grasse was in command of the "Robuste", and was severely engaged during the action, which was undecisive in its results.
		Returning to France, he was promoted to lieutenant-général des armées navales (admiral), and sailed from Brest for the West Indies on 24 March, 1781, with a fleet of 23 ships of the line and a large envoy under his command.
		Rochambeau and to De Grasse two pieces of the field ordnance taken from the British at the capitulation of Yorktown, to be engraved with a short memorandum.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06728a.htm (1049 words)

	Admiral Farragut George S. Patton Historical Society Library
		Admiral Baudin never had the opportunity to which his capacities suited him; all his aptitudes designated him for war on a great scale; a man such as he, succeeding Latouche-Tréville, would have saved us the sorrows of Trafalgar." Farragut was fortunate, for in him the opportunity and the man met in happy combination.
		Admiral Baudin, however, was thoroughly acquainted with the weak points of the fortress, through information obtained from Madrid; where plans of the works, dating from the times of the Spanish occupancy, were on file.
		Admiral Baudin, in his reports, indulged in some of the pardonable grumbling of a seaman of the old school about the constant ailments of the little steam-vessels; but he was too capable an officer to ignore their value, "and never," wrote Farragut in his report, "was the utility of these vessels so apparent.
	www.pattonhq.com /militaryworks/farragut.html (19422 words)

	Our American History - Nuestra Historia Americana - The Battle of Yorktown
		Admiral de Grasse's mission was to reinforce the French possessions in the West Indies, and then to turn his actions towards the North American theater.
		De Grasses men too were on the lookout in that early morning, but for the French ships of de Barras that were supposed to be heading south to join them.
		De Grasse now had thirty-five ships of the line, and would be able to hold the Chesapeake Bay and major rivers for the siege and land battle of Yorktown to unfold.
	www.ouramericanhistory.com /wst_page5.html (1461 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Grasse, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		De Grasse, François Joseph Paul, comte The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition...
		During the American Revolution his fleet was routed (1781) by the comte de Grasse at the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, a defeat that led directly to Lord Cornwallis's surrender at Yorktown (see Yorktown campaign).
		He was with Admiral George Rodney at the defeat of the comte de Grasse in the West Indies (1782), with Admiral John Jervis at the victory of Cape St. Vincent (1797), and with Horatio...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Grasse,&StartAt=1 (499 words)

	De Grasse
		Vincent Palmer; renamed De Grasse on 27 October 1943 and classified as a transport, AP-164; acquired by the Navy on 28 October 1943; converted by United Engineering Co., Alameda, Calif.; and commissioned at her conversion yard on 8 November 1943, Lieutenant Commander William Jordon, D-M, USNR, in command.
		De Grasse sailed for Hawaiian waters on 2 November 1943, arriving at Pearl Harbor on 2 December.
		De Grasse returned to Pearl Harbor on 27 July and until the end of 1944 transported troops among the Marshalls, the Gilberts, and the Marianas, in addition to training men in the Hawaiian area for amphibious assaults.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/d2/de_grasse-ii.htm (429 words)

	Grasse: perfume's French center
		Grasse has been called 'the perfume capital of the world' and despite four centuries as the Queen of Perfume it still rightly deserves this title.
		Another museum is the Musée de la Marine, situated in the 18th century Hôtel Pontevès-Morel, it depicts the career of the Admiral de Grasse, who fought in America's War for Independence and was instrumental in the victory at the Battle of Yorktown.
		The main street in Grasse is the Boulevard du Jeu de Ballon and it is here that carnivals take place throughout the year, winding their way through the old part of town, past 17th and 18th century buildings, arched tunnels and tiny squares.
	co.essortment.com /perfumefrench_rlot.htm (1653 words)

	Washington-Rochambeau (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On Aug 14 Washington and Rochambeau were informed that French Admiral de Grasse was leaving the Caribbean and would arrive off the Chesapeake Bay in late August with 28 warships and 3,000 troops but would have to leave again on Oct 15 for the West Indies (to avoid the hurricanes and winter storm season).
		Washington and Rochambeau sent word to Admiral de Grasse of this plan and asked Admiral de Barras to sail from Newport to the Chesapeake Bay with the French siege artillery and the reserve provisions.
		Also on this day French Admiral de Barras left Newport with an eight-ship squadron carrying the siege artillery and the food that would be needed during the planned siege at Yorktown.Also on this day British Admiral Hood sailed from New York City with 19 warships, seeking to prevent de Barras from getting to Virginia.
	www.w3r-us.org /History/Hist_Route4-focusshiftstoYorktown.htm (955 words)

	NEW YORK OR THE CHESAPEAKE
		But de Grasse stood neither under Washington’s nor under Rochambeau’s command, and the time of his arrival was as uncertain as a guess as to where Cornwallis might be at any given moment.
		De Grasse's cooperation was crucial for the success of any plan, but unless Rochambeau lied in his letter to Ségur of June 1, he did not tell Washington, who could not let on that he knew about de Grasse after all, though not from Rochambeau!
		De Grasse rather informed Rochambeau that he would be in Santo Domingo by the end of June and could be in American waters by July 15.
	www.hudsonrivervalley.net /AMERICANBOOK/New.html (5089 words)

	James Gillray Gallery: RODNEY introducing DE GRASSE
		Rodney's great naval victory of the 12th of August, 1782, in which the French Admiral De Grasse was taken prisoner and brought to England, occurred just at the moment of a change of Ministry.
		hand is held out towards de Grasse, who stands behind him and on his r.; in his I. hand he holds a sword, its hilt resting on the ground at the king's feet.
		De Grasse, grotesquely thin and tall, stands erect, his hands folded.
	greatcaricatures.com /articles_galleries/gillray/galleries/html/1782_0602_rodney.html (391 words)

	Bar-sur-Loup Town Village visit, Admiral de Grasse, Commerce and Lodging, History France - Provence Beyond
		The very active Office de Tourisme is housed in the imposing square tower in the very center, at the Place de la Tour and the Place Francis Paulet.
		"Amiral de Grasse", François Joseph de Grasse, born in the Chàteau in 1722, was the most famous of the ruling Counts.
		Admiral de Grasse, like La Fayette and Rochambeau, came to the aid of America and became a true hero of the American Revolution.
	www.beyond.fr /villages/barloup.html (1356 words)

	Army History Research
		While Admiral de Grasse was the hero of the 5 September encounter, he had help from the inept Admiral Graves.
		Admiral de Grasse had already arrived at the Chesapeake on 30 August and was in the process of foraging and disembarking the 3,000 troops with his ships.
		De Grasse arrived in the Chesapeake on 12 September and found de Barras safely in the bay.
	www.armyhistory.org /armyhistorical.aspx?pgID=868&id=6&exCompID=32 (3028 words)

	Admiral Rodney and the sea battle of the Saintes (the Saints) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The French admiral, de Grasse, had landed the French troops that ensured Cornwallis' defeat in Virginia, and then defeated the British at the Battle of the Capes to stop British naval power coming to their rescue.
		De Grasse left Martinique with 33 of the line on April 8 to make rendezvous with a Spanish fleet of another twelve, and 15,000 troops.
		De Grasse's 130-gun flagship Ville de Paris was the seventh ship to strike, with 400 killed and 700 wounded.
	www.cleverley.org /navy/saintsbattle.html (518 words)

	New Page 1
		Admiral de Grasse was coming to the Chesapeake and he was bringing with him 29 warships and 3,000 soldiers.
		De Grasse was ordered to leave half his fleet to protect his convoy in the West Indies.
		However, De Grasse decided to ignore orders and to take his full fleet of 24 ships of the line to the Chesapeake and this act of courage changed the outcome of the War.
	www.ncssar.com /articles/rochmarch.htm (3731 words)

	Military.com Content (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		De Grasse's fleet--including the world's largest warship, the 104-gun Ville de Paris--avenged centuries of defeats by the British and successfully blockaded Cornwallis' Yorktown base.
		The French admiral, de Grasse, was equally worried by the damage to his ships, but he could take comfort in his superior numbers and the knowledge that he was keeping Graves from turning back to aid Cornwallis.
		De Grasse promised to stay in the Chesapeake until the end of October and offered the aid of 2,000 of his matelots if they were needed for the assault on Cornwallis' fortifications.
	www.military.com /Content/MoreContent?file=PRchesapeake2 (2280 words)

	USS Comte De Grasse (DD 974)
		USS COMTE DE GRASSE was the twelfth ship in the SPRUANCE - class and the fourth ship of that class decommissioned.
		USS COMTE DE GRASSE was homeported in Norfolk, Va., and was the third ship to bear the name of the famous French Admiral Francois Joseph Paul DeGrasse.
		Knowledge that a powerful French Fleet, under Admiral De Grasse, was sailing from the West Indies for the Chesapeake, led the General's Washington and Rochambeau to break camp around New York and march south.
	navysite.de /dd/dd974.htm (358 words)

	Select Documents: The Marquis de Lafayette Collection at Cleveland State University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Their armies were approaching; they went on board the ship Ville de Paris, leaving camp on Sept. 17th, to plan their operations together with Monsieur de Grasse, whence they returned on the 22nd.
		During the interval from 30 September to the first of October, M de (?) attacked the forward abbatis from the redoubt on the left, and forced the enemy to withdraw within his defenses.
		From the 14th to the 15th, Major General Marquis de la Fayette goes the length of the trench and back, commands the attack of the redoubt on the left, and the Baron de Vismenil (?) the one on the right.
	web.ulib.csuohio.edu /Lafayette/documents/doc1.shtml (1463 words)

	University Archives Quick Search
		They were prevented by the presence of a large French naval force under the command of Admiral De Grasse.
		An indecisive naval battle between De Grasse and British Admiral Graves on September 5, 1781 forced the British to abandon any hope of evacuating or reinforcing Cornwallis.
		De Grasse would enter the bay again on the 14th.
	www.universityarchives.com /quicksearch.asp?sn=39804-001&show=True&thumbnails=True (528 words)

	Our American History - Nuestra Historia Americana - Biographies - Biografias
		He assisted de Grasse in preparations for the trip from the Caribbean to Yorktown and to raise the money to supply de Grasse for the voyage, finance his troops, and supply and pay for the Continental Army at Yorktown.
		De Grasse would take possession of the Chesapeake Bay, moving inland via the rivers to "cut off the retreat and prevent the reinforcement of the army of Lord Cornwallis who was in that area.
		With the battle plans in formation, de Grasse then set out to fulfill his promise to Rochambeau, to raise the 1.2 million livres in hard currency and return to the Chesapeake Bay with 3,000 Marine reinforcements and a naval fleet in time to battle the British.
	www.ouramericanhistory.com /wst_page7.html (1532 words)

	Bar-sur-Loup Town Village visit - by Provence Beyond
		The very active Office de Tourisme is housed in the imposing square tower in the very center, at the Place de la Tour and the Place Francis Paulet.
		"Amiral de Grasse", François Joseph de Grasse, born in the Chàteau in 1722, was the most famous of the ruling Counts.
		Admiral de Grasse, like La Fayette and Rochambeau, came to the aid of America and became a true hero of the American Revolution.
	www.provencebeyond.com /villages/barloup.html (1349 words)

	[No title]
		Lieutenant General Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, the Comte de Rochambeau, retired from the French army after almost 40 years of service -- only to be called back from his country house to take command of the expedition to America.
		When Admiral De Grasse arrived from the West Indies with a powerful fleet and another 3,000 French, Rochambeau and Washington they were quick to take advantage of the opportunity to march south and complete the entrapment of Cornwallis at Yorktown.
		De Grasse did his part by defeating the British Navy under Admiral Graves in the Battle of the Capes (September 5-9, 1781).
	www.wargamer.com /articles/18CFrench/rochambeau.asp (800 words)

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