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Topic: Advice complexity

	Career advice for aspiring and established professionals!
		Excellent advice is available here for free - take advantage of these secret career development and planning tips!
		Due to the complexity of career hunting today, there's an astronomical amount of things that you need to know about finding a job or career that is perfect for
		Your source for career advice, career planning, career training, and career development information.
	www.career-advice-plus.com (194 words)

	Advice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Advice (constitutional), in constitutional law, a frequently binding instruction issued to a constitutional office-holder
		Advice in aspect-oriented programming, a piece of code executed when a join point is reached
		Advice (complexity), in complexity theory, a string with extra information used by Turing machine or other computing device
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Advice (162 words)

	Advice (complexity) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An advice string is an extra input to a Turing machine which is allowed to depend on the length n of the input, but not on input itself.
		P/poly is equal to the class of decision problems such that, for every n, there exists a polynomial size Boolean circuit correctly deciding the problem on all inputs of length n.
		Advice classes can be defined for other resource bounds instead of P.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Advice_(complexity) (329 words)

	THEORY CANAL: The Rochester Theory Seminar Series
		This talk provides a tutorial overview of the advice complexity of the semifeasible sets---informally put, the class of sets having a polynomial-time algorithm that, given as input any two strings of which at least one belongs to the set, will choose one that does belong to the set.
		We will see that for some powers of interpreter the (worst-case) complexity of the semifeasible sets is known right down to the bit (and beyond), but that for the most central power of interpreter---deterministic polynomial time---the complexity is currently known only to be at least linear and at most quadratic.
		While overviewing the advice complexity of the semifeasible sets, we will stress also the issue of whether the functions at the core of semifeasibility---so-called selector functions---can without cost be chosen to possess such algebraic properties as commutativity and associativity.
	www.cs.rochester.edu /u/www/u/lane/=seminar-theorycanal/seminar-2004-2005.html (2943 words)

	Simethics
		Complexity theory holds that when entities behave in parallel with some relatively simple rules of interaction what emerges is often complex and sometimes surprising behavior.
		Instead, a complexity theory simulation asks the question 'what follows from a set of rules about how each entity behaves with others when you put all these entities on a playing field?' The entities might all be playing by the same rules, or not.
		For, if one believes that the advice is good and the person is likely to follow the advice then we would expect that the person be better off for having followed that advice and it should please us to find that someone we care about is better off.
	homepage.mac.com /billtomlinson/Simethics (10108 words)

	Diet Advice -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In aspect-oriented programming an advice is a piece of code executed when a join point is reached, that is associated with the pointcut of the advice.
		For example, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom formally appoints Ministers of the Crown on the advice of the British Prime Minister.
		For any ''n'', there must be an advice string ''A'' of length ''f(n)'' such that, for any input ''x'' of length ''n'', the machine ''M'' correctly decides the problem on the input ''x'', given ''x'' and ''A''.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/41/diet-advice.html (755 words)

	URCS Theory Technical Reports
		This paper provides a tutorial overview of the advice complexity of the semifeasible sets---informally put, the class of sets having a polynomial-time algorithm that, given as input any two strings of which at least one belongs to the set, will choose one that does belong to the set.
		For the nondeterministic advice complexity of P-sel, linear upper and lower bounds are known [Hemaspaandra and Torenvliet 1996].
		However, for the deterministic advice complexity of P-sel, the best known upper bound is quadratic [Ko 1983], and the best known lower bound is the linear lower bound inherited from the nondeterministic case.
	www.cs.rochester.edu /trs/theory-trs.html (16192 words)

	Dieter van Melkebeek - Research on Computational Complexity Theory
		Torenvliet established that large complexity classes like doubly exponential space have complete languages that are not autoreducible, whereas the complete languages of smaller classes like exponential time all share the property of autoreducibility.
		The consensus within the complexity community suggests a positive answer, although an inherent exponential slowdown is not yet ruled out (the BPP versus EXP problem).
		The Kolmogorov complexity of a string is the length of its shortest description; various complexity restrictions on the descriptions lead to various notions of Kolmogorov complexity.
	www.cs.wisc.edu /~dieter/Research/complexity.html (2966 words)

	DP S1998R: Psychology and Diplomacy: Integrative Complexity
		This variable is derived from the conceptual complexity dimension of personality...Information processing at the lower end of the scale tends to be rigid, all-or-nothing, routinized, and based upon only a small segment of the total information available.
		Highly complex integration involve a relatively large number of interconnected schemata, which can be used in various combinations, modified or abandoned if that seems to be desirable, and which are subject to change as new information is sought and obtained.
		In a related study, "the integrative complexity of the communications of major decision-makers [was found to be] significantly lower during crises that eventually culminate in war than during crises that are resolved peacefully." (pg.
	www.diplom.org /Zine/S1998R/Dorst/Complexity.html (1497 words)

	Compilability Classes
		Advices are important in complexity theory because definitions and results are often based on special Turing machines that can determine the result of an oracle ``for free'', that is, in constant time.
		Clearly, if the advice were allowed to access the whole instance, it would be able to determine the solution of any problem in constant time.
		Compilability aims at capturing the on-line complexity of solving a problem composed of such inputs, i.e., complexity with respect to the second input when the first one can be preprocessed in an arbitrary way.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/project/jair/pub/volume13/cadoli00a-html/node7.html (1302 words)

	CLRC: Computer Learning Research Centre
		The concept of predictive complexity is a natural development of the theory of prediction with expert advice.
		That is why predictive complexity may be regarded as a generalization of Kolmogorov complexity.
		At the same time, square-loss complexity is of particular importance because the square loss function corresponds to the squared error, which is used very often in statistics.
	www.clrc.rhul.ac.uk /research/predictivecomplexityoverview.htm (732 words)

	Department of Computer Science
		Computational complexity theory studies the minimum resources (time, space, randomness etc.) to solve computational problems.
		We investigate the existence of hierarchies for natural variants of semantic classes, focusing mainly on semantic classes with small advice.
		Complexity classes with advice are defined by Turing machines receiving some auxiliary information depending only on the input length.
	www.cs.uchicago.edu /events/369 (346 words)

	Computational Complexity: Advice, Not The Quantum Kind (by guest blogger Scott Aaronson)
		Complexity Class of the Week: PP (by guest blogger Scott Aaronson)
		I can't offer any advice on research topics, other than to solve the open problems listed in my papers.
		Blanket advice is difficult because your research ought to be intimately connected to who you are as an individual.
	weblog.fortnow.com /2004/01/advice-not-quantum-kind-by-guest.html (520 words)

	Computational Complexity: Quantum Advice
		In other words, everything efficiently quantumly computable with a polynomial amount of arbitrarily entangled quantum advice can be simulated in exponential time with a polynomial amount of classical advice.
		Advice is method for encoding a different program for each input length.
		Quantum advice is a bit more tricky, since it can be in a superposition of regular advice strings.
	weblog.fortnow.com /2003/07/quantum-advice.html (308 words)

	Complexity Zoo - Qwiki
		In descriptive complexity, uniform AC can be characterized as the class of problems expressible by first-order predicates with addition and multiplication operators - or indeed, with ordering and multiplication, or ordering and division (see [Lee02]).
		The class of problems solvable by a BPP machine that is given O(log n) advice bits, which can depend on both the machine's random coin flips and the input length n, but not on the input itself.
		The class of languages recognized by a syntactic BQP machine with deterministic polynomial advice that depends only on the input length, such that the output is correct with probability 2/3 when the advice is good.
	qwiki.caltech.edu /wiki/Complexity_Zoo (6738 words)

	Advice :: Society : RSS Feeds : Gourt
		Advice (constitutional), in constitutional law, a frequently binding instruction issued to a constitutional office-holder
		Advice in aspect-oriented programming, a piece of code executed when a join point is reached
		Advice (complexity), in complexity theory, a string with extra information used by Turing machine or other computing device
	society.gourt.com /Advice.html (646 words)

	Structured Testing: A Testing Methodology Using the Cyclomatic Complexity Metric (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The software complexity measures described in this document are: cyclomatic complexity, module design complexity, integration complexity, object integration complexity, actual complexity, realizable complexity, essential complexity, and data complexity.
		A significant amount of practical advice is given concerning the application of these techniques.
		The use of complexity measurement to manage software reliability and maintainability is discussed, along with strategies to control complexity during maintenance.
	hissa.nist.gov /HHRFdata/Artifacts/ITLdoc/235/title.htm (422 words)

	Managing Complexity : #3 Systems (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Therefore I define complexity as a function of the number of possible combinations, which is some function of the number of systems I have (N - number of systems, C (N) - complexity).
		Clearly if complexity is like N squared or N factorial and agility is an inverse relationship then for N greater than 10 it will be almost impossible to achieve any meaningful agility.
		This is an approach to approaching complexity in IT systems and some ideas around understanding where complexity arises from.
	blogs.ittoolbox.com /emergingtech/architect/archives/managing-complexity-3-systems-7046?rss=1 (1465 words)

	[cs/0501022] Algebraic Properties for Selector Functions
		Abstract: The nondeterministic advice complexity of the P-selective sets is known to be exactly linear.
		Regarding the deterministic advice complexity of the P-selective sets--i.e., the amount of Karp--Lipton advice needed for polynomial-time machines to recognize them in general--the best current upper bound is quadratic [Ko, 1983] and the best current lower bound is linear [Hemaspaandra and Torenvliet, 1996].
		Using this, we establish an algebraic sufficient condition for the P-selective sets to have a linear upper bound (which thus would match the existing lower bound) on their deterministic advice complexity: If all P-selective sets are associatively P-selective then the deterministic advice complexity of the P-selective sets is linear.
	www.arxiv.org /abs/cs/0501022 (185 words)

	[No title]
		Irreducible complexity and information theory present two serious challenges to the current neo-Darwinian model.
		They are based on systems we understand extremely well and have discovered are irreducibly complex.
		Besides that, evolution is SOOO much more beautiful, elegant, complex, and intelligent than Creationism, that it's more likely to have been created by a mature intelligent God that your Creationist hypothesis, which is an insult to God.
	www.beliefnet.com /boards_mini/index.asp?pageID=26&boardID=51387 (793 words)

	Computational Power of Neural Networks: A Kolmogorov Complexity Characterization (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The information is characterized by a variant of resource-bounded Kolmogorov complexity, in which the time dimension allows for efficiency considerations.
		We reveal a proper hierarchy of nonuniform complexity classes associated with networks, having weights of increasing Kolmogorov complexity.
		11 Vit'anyi: An Introduction to Kolmogorov Complexity and Its A..
	sherry.ifi.unizh.ch /79313.html (392 words)

	Junking bonds, complexity, maturity and lending money - Business - www.theage.com.au
		It is possible to include high-yield investments as part of a diversified portfolio, which may have the effect of reducing overall risk while providing an opportunity to access higher interest rates.
		However, if you are considering entering the heady world of high-yield investments, talk to a financial adviser to ensure you understand the complexities and risks.
		Given their complexity and potential volatility, high-yield investments are best considered as part of an overall financial strategy that balances risks and considers your short and long-term goals.
	www.theage.com.au /news/Business/Junking-bonds-complexity-maturity-and-lending-money/2005/04/01/1112302233142.html (761 words)

	Court Services Advice desk (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Desk is a joint project of the Circuit Court of Cook County, the Chicago Bar Foundation, the Chicago Bar Association, and the Chicago Legal Clinic.
		Litigants are not allowed follow-up consultations and may not return to the Advice Desk after their consultation unless specifically asked to do so by a volunteer attorney or referred by a judge.
		Desk staff may not be able to assist litigants with highly complex cases that require legal representation.
	www.cookcountycourt.org /services/services/chancery_advice.html (291 words)

	Complexity Theory Lecture Notes (summaries)
		We define ``nice'' complexity bounds; these are bounds which can be computed within the resources they supposedly bound (e.g., we focus on time-constructible and space-constructible bounds).
		We define space complexity using an adequate model of computation in which one is not allowed to use the area occupied by the input for computation.
		We then relate this hierarchy to complexity classes discussed in previous lectures such as BPP and P/poly: We show that BPP is in PH, and that if NP subseteq P/poly then PH collapses to is second level.
	www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il /~oded/cc-sum.html (2076 words)

	Allrecipes \| Advice \| Sublime Cheesecakes
		Cheesecake is a dessert that can be dressed up or down in a multitude of ways.
		Recipes range in complexity from the simplest three-ingredient filling poured into a store-bought graham cracker crust, to the most painstaking triple-layer chocolate-amaretto-espresso cheesecake with homemade fudge brownie crust.
		But no matter how you dress it, cheesecake is one of the most luxurious desserts around, and is well worth a word or two of advice.
	allrecipes.com /advice/coll/all/articles/157P1.asp (674 words)

	Too Much Complexity? IT Manager, Heal Thyself - News by InformationWeek
		Earlier, Mills had noted that maintenance of a complex infrastructure was eating up the IT budget at many companies.
		Giancarlo and Mills agreed that businesses must strive for an overall architectural approach to technology and simplify their IT environments around it Businesses often have competing groups within them, said Giancarlo, who added that each group thinks its approach to solving a problem is the right one.
		Giancarlo said new complexity should be tolerated only where it yields competitive advantage, and older forms of software that have become commoditized need to reflect that by using the simplest and most standardized forms of software available.
	www.informationweek.com /story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=163105171 (652 words)

	Health Insurance Advice
		As one of the most visited health insurance websites in the United States, we receive hundreds of inquiries from consumers asking for advice and answers to their questions about health insurance.
		Many of these inquiries are personal in nature, so we take care to respond privately to the individual.
		Citizenship and naturalization laws add another level of complexity to the matter.
	www.healthinsurancefinders.com /advice (627 words)

	The Structural Complexity Column (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		216 and complexity classes (context) - Papadimitriou, Yannakakis et al.
		11 the query complexity of clique size and maximum satisfiabili..
		5 Connections between the complexity of unique satisfiability..
	citeseer.ifi.unizh.ch /363118.html (547 words)

	Extension of Toda's Theorem to Middle Bit Classes (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Abstract: In this paper we overview recent results concerning complexity classes that are defined in terms of the number of accepting paths of nondeterministic polynomial-time Turing machines.
		90 The complexity of combinatorial problems with succinct input..
		70 Introduction to the Theory of Complexity (context) - Bovet, Crescenzi - 1993
	sherry.ifi.unizh.ch /38833.html (817 words)

	Ask Advice
		Below is a summary of how the website works and some sample questions with approximate costs for the related advice.
		This is subject to current demand and the complexity of the question asked.
		For example, if a taxpayer is retired but wishes to continue to be a member of an association, a deduction of up to $42 per association will generally be allowed.
	www.taxassistance.com.au /qasample.htm (1303 words)

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