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Topic: Aerial Experiment Association

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Silver Dart

AEA Red Wing

1908 in aviation

Glenn Curtiss

Thomas Selfridge

Alexander Graham Bell

1908

1910 in Canada

Ford Model T

	Story:Alexander Graham Bell Founds the Aerial Experiment Association - Canadawiki Canadian History Timeline Biography ...
		Bell's wife Mabel Bell suggested that they form an association to work rapidly on developing their ideas together, and on September 30, 1907, at Halifax, Nova Scotia, the group chartered the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA).
		After this success, the AEA started work on the Silver Dart, and on a cold February morning in 1909, McCurdy flew the plane off the ice at Baddeck, in the first airplane flight in Canadian history.
		The Aerial Experiment Association disbanded on March 31, 1909.
	canadawiki.org /index.php/Story:Alexander_Graham_Bell_Founds_the_Aerial_Experiment_Association (323 words)

	Aerial Experiment Association - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) was formed in 1907 under the tutelage of Dr. Alexander Graham Bell.
		The AEA came into being when John Alexander Douglas McCurdy and his friend Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin, two young engineers fresh out of the University of Toronto, decided to spend the summer in Baddeck, Nova Scotia.
		The Association made the first passenger flight in Canada on August 2, also in the Silver Dart.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aerial_Experiment_Association (371 words)

	Aerial Experiment Association -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) was formed in (Click link for more info and facts about 1907) 1907 under the tutelage of Dr. (United States inventor (born in Scotland) of the telephone (1847-1922)) Alexander Graham Bell.
		The AEA came into being when John McCurdy and his friend Frederick Baldwin, two young engineers fresh out of the (Click link for more info and facts about University of Toronto) University of Toronto, decided to spend the summer in (Click link for more info and facts about Baddeck, Nova Scotia) Baddeck, Nova Scotia.
		The group attracted sufficient attention to inspire the (The executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States) United States government to request that an official observer be allowed to join.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Ae/Aerial_Experiment_Association.htm (400 words)

	Aerial Experiment Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Aerial Experiment Association was formed in 1908 under the tutelage of Dr. Alexander Graham Bell.
		The AEA came into being when John McCurdy and his friend Frederick Baldwin two engineers fresh out of the University of Toronto decided to spend the summer in Baddeck Nova Scotia.
		The Association carried out the controlled powered flight in Canada on February 23 1909 when the Silver Dart was flown the ice at Baddeck by McCurdy who been one of its designers.
	www.freeglossary.com /Aerial_Experiment_Association (317 words)

	silver dart (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The original Silver Dart was the fruit of the Aerial Experiment Association formed under the guidance of Alexander Graham Bell.
		By the time the Silver Dart was constructed in late 1908, it was the Aerial Experiment Association's fourth flying machine.
		Despite official skepticism the Association was finally invited to the military base at Petawawa to demonstrate the airplane.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /silver_dart.html (421 words)

	Encyclopedia: Aerial Experiment Association
		The June Bug (or Aerodrome #3) was an early aircraft designed by Glenn Curtiss and built by the Aerial Experiment Association in 1908.
		World map showing location of North America A satellite composite image of North America North America is a continent in the northern hemisphere, bounded on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the south by the Caribbean Sea, and on the west...
		The AEA Silver Dart in flight The Silver Dart (or Aerodrome #4) was an early aircraft which was flown off the ice at Baddeck, Nova Scotia on February 23, 1909.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Aerial-Experiment-Association (1119 words)

	Bell's Boys
		The A.E.A. tested their first powered aircraft, the Red Wing (so-called for the color of the fabric used to cover the wings), in March 1908.
		AEA members experiment with their first glider -- a copy of a Wright glider -- in 1907.
		Letter to Mabel -- Alexander Graham Bell was keenly interested in the Wright brothers long before he began the Aerial Experiment Association, as this letter to his wife in 1906 shows.
	www.first-to-fly.com /History/Wright%20Story/bellsboys.htm (617 words)

	John Alexander Douglas McCurdy - FlightDeck's Great Aviators
		Chaired by Dr. Alexander Graham Bell, the Aerial Experiment Association was officially formed on October 1, 1907.
		The A.E.A. was officially formed in October 1907 on Mrs.
		A.E.A. member Lt. Selfridge became the world's first aviation fatality as a passenger of one of Orville Wright's planes just five months earlier.
	www.exn.ca /FlightDeck/Aviators/mccurdy.cfm (1042 words)

	Curtiss-Wright Corporation - Glenn Hammond Curtiss - To Get into the Air (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Curtiss was the engine expert of the AEA, a group of young men who sought to design and build an airplane, mentored by Bell and financed by Bell and his wife.
		The Aerial Experiment Association was to design, build and fly a series of aircraft starting with Bell's own brainchild, a powered tetrahedral kite and then additional aircraft, each master-minded by a member of the group to his own fancy.
		The AEA was flying, Tom Baldwin was building airships; a Hungarian built a light monoplane; a Connecticut man built and flew a tethered helicopter; another inventor was building a huge dirigible--all with Curtiss engines.
	www.curtisswright.com /history/1893-1912.asp (1240 words)

	Chapter 1
		The A.E.A. had reached its goal and the 4 men were delirious and the fact that tetrahedrals were not involved had little effect on Bell's own joy.
		However, the association with Herring was not to be as fruitful to Curtiss as compared to the A.E.A. The litigation with the Wrights over the A.E.A. patents continued and Curtiss became the major player thus saving Bell from the ordeal of yet another barrage of patent hearings.
		The A.E.A. patents were finally cleared in 1915 thus leaving them free to be sold to the Curtiss Aircraft Company in 1917 by Charles Bell for $5899.49 in cash and $50,000 in Curtiss stock.
	www.cbv.ns.ca /rv/bell2.html (3315 words)

	The Early Years - The Aerial Experiment Association
		The group formed the Aerial Experiment Association, which became internationally renowned for its work.
		Bell invited the American Glenn H. Curtiss to join the Association because of his expertise in manufacturing motorcycle engines that could be used to provide the power needed for flight.
		The June Bug was renamed The Loon in November when members of the Association put pontoons on it to experiment with flight off water surfaces, but the experiment ended in failure.
	www.abheritage.ca /aviation/history/early_aerial.html (555 words)

	The Wright Patent Battles
		Glenn Curtiss was the main target of the Wrights’ patent suits in the U.S. Curtiss was one of the original members of the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), which the inventor Alexander Graham Bell had established on September 30, 1907.
		So when an AEA member, Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge, wrote to the Wrights in January 1908 for information about aircraft construction, the Wrights answered promptly and also referred him to their patent and other publications for more details.
		The first powered aircraft built by the AEA was called the Red Wing, after the color of its silk fabric wings.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Wright_Bros/Patent_Battles/WR12.htm (1563 words)

	Encyclopedia: Thomas Selfridge
		He was also the United States government representative to the Aerial Experiment Association, which was chaired by Alexander Graham Bell, and became it's first secretary.
		On a bitterly cold March 12, 1908, the Red Wing, piloted by "Casey" Baldwin, sped over the icy surface of Keuka Lake near Hammondsport, New York on runners, bounded into the air, and actually flew for a distance of 318 feet, 11 inches, before collapsing to the ground, leaving the pilot slightly bruised.
		The Red Wing (or Aerodrome #1) was an early aircraft designed by Thomas Selfridge and built by the Aerial Experiment Association in 1908.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Thomas-Selfridge (1564 words)

	Jennybuilders.org -- Jenny History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bell was perfoming experiments with heavier-than-air aircraft in neighboring Canada.
		The Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) was later formed and Curtiss became Director of Experiments.
		Aerial Experiment Association: Glenn Curtiss, John McCurdy, Alex Bell, Frederick Baldwin and Tom Selfridge, Baddeck, 1907.
	www.jennybuilders.org /static/jennyhistory.html (2135 words)

	Pakistan Times \| Special Report: Basant: Symbol of Vim and Vigor
		Japanese kites were once interpreted as tangible prayers and have always been associated with festivals and special occasions, symbolizing protection against evil or fire, good fortune, or supplication for the good health of children.
		In the U.S. there is a very rich history of the use of kites Alexander Graham Bell and his Aerial Experiment Association built huge kites capable of towing a boat or lifting a man. The Wright flyer was first flown as a kite and the Wright brothers experimented extensively with kites.
		Kite flying in the Punjab is associated with Vasant Pancham the onset of spring i.e.
	pakistantimes.net /2005/02/06/specialreport.htm (3351 words)

	Other Early Inventors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Selfridge designed the first of four flying machines (called the Red Wing because of its red silk wings) built by the Aerial Experiment Association, but before he could test it he was recalled to duty in Washington.
		On 19 May 1908, Selfridge piloted the White Wing, designed by Baldwin, and although he was only able to rise to a height of 30 feet and fly a distance of 237 feet, his was the first solo flight by a United States Army officer in a mechanically powered flying machine.
		Bell and his associates also had a patent on an aileron,‡ first used by them on the wingtips of the White Wing; however, no suit was ever filed by Bell, although J. McCurdy in 1940 wrote an article in which he declared Bell and his associates were the real inventors of the aileron.
	www.wpafb.af.mil /museum/history/preww1/cof13.htm (683 words)

	Printable Version on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In 1875, while he was experimenting with a multiple harmonic telegraph, the principle of transmission and reproduction came to him.
		In 1880 the magazine Science, which became the official organ for the American Association for the Advancement of Science, was founded largely through his influence.
		The Aerial Experiment Association, founded under his patronage in 1907, brought together G. Curtiss, F. Baldwin, and others, who invented the aileron principle and developed the hydroplane.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.asp?url=/ssi/b/bella1g1.html (434 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		As a result, the Aerial Experiment Association was formed and he was elected President.
		Spurred on by their success, the Association designed and built its third airplane, the June Bug, in which Curtiss won the Scientific American Trophy for the first flight in America of more than one kilometer.
		Bell's Aerial Experiment Association now dissolved and he was gratified by the progress the group had made.
	www.nationalaviation.org /website/index.asp?webpageid={F3401AC2-408C-42A7-AD0F-CDDC7942F110}&eID=255 (1743 words)

	[No title]
		The Aerial Experiment Association was formed by Alexander Graham Bell with two Canadian aviation enthusiasts — Frederick "Casey" Baldwin and John McCurdy, Canada's first pilot — and US Army officer Thomas Selfridge in the summer of 1907 to implement Bell's theories of manned flight in his multicellular tetrahedral kites.
		Despite this legal snarl, AEA managed to get the aileron system patented in 1911, which was later transferred to Curtiss, and which would eventually lead to a full-blown court battle between the brothers and Curtiss that would drag on for years until the Wrights finally won.
		There was talk of the four surviving members forming a commercial company, but nothing came of it, and on March 31, 1909, the Aerial Experiment Association was unceremoniously disbanded, with commercial rights to its designs and patents assigned to Glenn Curtiss.
	www.aerofiles.com /aea.html (724 words)

	e-Flash : Aviation History Question of the Month (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Aerial Experiment Association (AEA) sponsored the development of the White Wing.
		The six-member Aerial Experiment Association was established in September of 1907 by Alexander Graham Bell (inventor of the telephone).
		The AEA consisted of several aviation enthusiasts Bell brought together to build a practical airplane using $20,000 that Graham’s wife, Mabel, contributed toward the effort.
	www.imakenews.com /ilsaviation/e_article000109758.cfm (186 words)

	Curtiss-Wright Corporation - Wing Warping, Ailerons, and Litigation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When the Wrights began their experiments during the first years at Kitty Hawk with unpowered gliders, the need for lateral (roll) control was not immediately obvious.
		The Wrights had corresponded with the AEA from time to time, reminding Curtiss particularly, that they held lateral control patents for which they expected royalties if the Association 's aircraft were sold commercially or reaped a profit from exhibition fees.
		Bell did not believe the Wrights had a case on the aileron issue; the AEA's airplanes were designed for strength and rigidity; wing-warping was impossible and undesirable.
	www.curtisswright.com /history/1909-1917.asp (1510 words)

	John A. D. McCurdy
		Bell was anxious to attach one of the Curtiss motors to it as part of his studies in aerodynamic lift, propulsion, and control, for he had set his sights on the contstruction of a machine that would fly even before the Wrights had taken off at Kitty hawk.
		The last of the Aerial Experiment Association's pioneer aeroplanes was the shimmering Silver Dart, designed by McCurdy, which made its debut on December 12, 1908.
		With the achievements of the Silver Dart, the activities of the Aerial Experiment Association came to an end.
	www.earlyaviators.com /emccurdy.htm (1139 words)

	AEA Charter
		"We agree that the 'Aerial Experiment Association' shall be organized on the first day of October 1907, and shall exist for the term of one year from the date of organization unless otherwise determined by the unanimous vote of the members.
		"We agree that the inventions relating to aerial locomotion made by the members of the Association during the lifetime of the Association shall belong to the Association; and that any applications for letters patent for such inventions shall be made in the name of all the members as joint inventors.
		"We agree that the headquarters of the 'Aerial Experiment Association' shall be at Beinn Bhreagh, near Baddeck, Nova Scotia, and that, on or before the first of January 1908, the headquarters of the Association shall be removed to some place yet to be determined within the limits of the United States.
	invention.psychology.msstate.edu /inventors/i/AEA/AEA_charter.html (378 words)

	The First To Fly
		March 12 — The Aerial Experiment Association tests its first plane, the Red Wing on a frozen lake in Hammondsport, New York.
		May 21 — The Aerial Experiment Association tests its second plane, the White Wing with Glenn Curtiss at the controls.
		July 4 — The Aerial Experiment Association wins the Scientific American prize with the June Bug, a plane designed and piloted by Glenn Curtiss.
	www.first-to-fly.com /History/History%20of%20Airplane/firsttofly.htm (1826 words)

	Alexander Graham Bell - The Inventor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		On February 23, 1909, the population of Baddeck gathered on the ice of Baddeck Bay to witness the flight of the Silver Dart.
		During his Volta Laboratory period, Bell and his associates considered impressing a magnetic field on a record, as a means of reproducing sound.
		Although the trio briefly experimented with the concept, they were unable to develop a workable prototype.
	www.digitaloutrider.com /html/bell/inventor.html (2848 words)

	Thomas Selfridge - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was also the United States government representative to the Aerial Experiment Association, which was chaired by Alexander Graham Bell.
		Selfrdige designed Red Wing, the Aerial Experiment Association's first powered aircraft.
		Red Wing was destroyed in a crash on March 17, 1908 on its second flight.
	www.open-encyclopedia.com /Thomas_Selfridge (207 words)

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