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Topic: Aerial root

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	Root @ iCookClub.com
		The two major functions of roots are 1) absorption of water and inorganic nutrients and 2) anchoring the plant body to the ground.
		The root cap provides mechanical protection to the meristem cells as the root advances through the soil, its cells worn away but quickly replaced by new cells generated by cell division within the meristem.
		In monocotyledonous plants, the xylem and phloem cells are arranged in a circle around a pith or center, whereas in dicotyledons, the xylem cells form a central "hub" with lobes, and phloem cells fill in the spaces between the lobes.
	reference.icookclub.com /root.html (551 words)

	* Aerial root - (Gardening): Definition
		Roots borne wholly above ground, as the attachments of vine forms of Toxicodendron radicans which penetrate tree bark.
		Aerial roots are commonly seen on mature specimens of Monstera deliciosa.
		Their aerial roots are covered with velamen, a very absorbent layer that allows them to collect all available moisture.
	en.mimi.hu /gardening/aerial_root.html (542 words)

	Root - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This kind of root is sometimes shortened, and becomes swollen by storage of food-stuffs, forming the conical root of carrot, or the fusiform or spindle-shaped root of radish, or the napiform root of turnip.
		Roots are usually underground and colourless, but in some cases where they arise from the stem they pass for some distance through the air before reaching the soil.
		Leaf-buds are sometimes formed on roots, as in plum, cherry and other fruit trees; the common elm affords an excellent example, the young shoots which grow up in the neighbourhood of a tree arising from the roots beneath the soil.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Root (1382 words)

	Aeril Roots, Banyan Trees, and Strangler figs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Aerial roots, which are not anchored in the ground and fortified with mature bark are susceptible to drying and death.
		Moss carefully draped around the new roots; drinking straws in which the roots have been inserted; bottles of water into which the roots have been directed; plastic baggies around the roots all allow the roots to remain moist and to grow into the ground.
		The length of the root that was exposed to air should be wrapped in moist sphagnum moss and then covered with plastic to keep the root moist until it successfully roots.
	www.bonsaihunk.8m.com /BanyansStranglerEpiphytes.html (1039 words)

	Aeroponic apparatus - Patent 4813176
		The present invention relates to a method of cultivation and an aeroponic apparatus, in which the plants are cultivated in air, and to apparatus particularly useful for the cultivation of aerial root plants such as orchidacese plants.
		It is not necessary to give water continuously to aerial root plates such as ordhidacese plants because they retain water in their roots for a long time once they have absorbed water, and their roots would rot if given too much water.
		Thicket materials such as watermoss orcharcoal usually are cultivated in flowerpots for aerial root plants with the aerial root plants being stabilized by said thicket materials.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4813176.html (1326 words)

	Root - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The outside surface of a primary root is the epidermis.
		Roots of many vascular plants, especially dicots and gymnosperms, often undergo secondary growth, which is an increase in diameter.
		The aerial roots of strangler fig have damaged ancient Mayan temples in Central America and the temple of Angkor Wat in Cambodia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Root (1831 words)

	Root Types
		Roots Page we tell of a rye grass plant which had 380 miles of branching and rebranching roots, and 14 billion root hairs.
		In the Virginia Creeper picture at the left the vine's aerial roots stick to one of the slats of a yellow-painted window shutter.
		The main job of these aerial roots is to support the vine as it climbs up the window shutters, not to absorb water and nutrients.
	www.backyardnature.net /roottype.htm (714 words)

	Aging Ginseng Plants, International Affairs – U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
		Aerial shoot abscission zone scars may be almost overgrown and obliterated by the enlargement of the adjacent aerial shoot.
		This is because the plane of the distichous aerial shoot bud scales is 180° from the plane of the bud scale in whose axil it formed.
		To accurately age a plant the connection at the rhizome root collar is used to mark the first the year's growth.
	www.fws.gov /international/animals/ginseng.html (877 words)

	Root
		Their main function of roots is the anchorage, the absorption of water and minerals from the soil, and the transport of these substances to the rest of the plant.
		Roots originate from the radicle of the embryo during the germination of the seed and growth essentially at their tip for the activity of the root apical meristem
		The adventitious root system is typical of most Monocotyledons in which the primary root is ephemeral and sort living and adventitious root soon arise from stem or leaf tissue.
	www.cactus-art.biz /note-book/Dictionary/Dictionary_R/dictionary_root.htm (491 words)

	Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências - Rhizophores in Rhizophora mangle L: an alternative interpretation of ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The presence of H-trichosclereids in the cortex was observed, in both the stem and root of Rhizophora mangle, by Gill and Tomlinson (1971a, b) and in the stem and aerial root, by Warming (1883) and Karsten (1891).
		A cross-section of the aerial axis of a secondary rhizophore (Fig.
		In the apex of the aerial stem with negative geotropism (Fig.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000200003 (3581 words)

	Search Results for "aerial"
		Of, for, or by means of aircraft: aerial photography.
		...A system of aerial photography in which one vertical and two oblique photographs are simultaneously taken for use in topographic mapping.
		...An aerial maneuver in which an aircraft is put through a sharp roll of 360° about its longitudinal axis....
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=col61&x=10&y=12&query=aerial (271 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for aerial (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Aerial root s that develop from its branches descend and take root in the soil to become new trunks.
		Aerial spraying and dusting permit prompt coverage of large areas at the moment when application of pesticide is most effective and avoid the need for wheeled vehicles...
		One of the monocular cues of visual depth perception, a form of perspective closely related to aerial perspective and texture gradient, arising from the fact that an object of a fixed size subtends a smaller visual angle when it is far away than when it is relatively close,...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=aerial&StartAt=31 (949 words)

	Unit 5
		In a series of transverse section diagrams, be able to show the sequential changes in a dicot root from the root cap through the initiation and growth of vascular cambium and phellogen.
		Be sure that one of your treatments involves excising the root tip and applying the TIBA at the base of the root, near the cotyledons.
		These roots are considered anomalous because of the very broad parenchyma rays and the presence of a discontinuous cambium which forms arcs and not a cylinder.
	trc.ucdavis.edu /plb/PLB105/html/Un5.html (2929 words)

	About Root Disease
		Tree crown symptoms of root disease vary according to rapidity of death, involvement of bark beetles, and season of death.
		Typical root disease patch (or pocket) with dead and symptomatic trees, especially at the margins, and younger trees in the center of the patch.
		Root disease in young trees-- Small trees which are killed rapidly by root disease may turn uniformly red without having been attacked by bark beetles.
	www.fs.fed.us /r1-r4/spf/fhp/field_guide/72-77abtrtds.htm (958 words)

	Orchid #001 - Oncidium "Gower Ramsey"
		Aerial psuedobulb is evident, as is the aerial root structure.
		Root growth outside of pot is pretty excessive.
		Unfortunately, this plant was a beneficiary of Jim's Ill-Advised Potting Medium, which goes a long way to explaining the profuse amount of root growth outside of the pot.
	home.earthlink.net /~jmedgar3/Orchid001.html (598 words)

	Encased Mangrove Replanting (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The development of aerial roots is a crucial step that ensures viability of the developing tree.
		Aerial or prop roots are a distinctive root structure of the Red Mangrove and a characteristic that makes the Encased method of planting an effective means of replenishment.
		The aerial root is the mechanism that will ultimately secure the plant making it resistant to environmental factors that would under normal conditions prohibit development at many potential replenishment sites.
	mangrove.org /sect6.htm (371 words)

	Aerial root: Encyclopedia II - Aerial root - Types of Aerial Roots
		The roots sprout branches along the way, and eventually when soil is reached, will uptake nutrients in a more typical fashion.
		The surface of these roots are covered with lenticels which take up air into spongy tissue which in turn uses osmotic pathways to spread the needed oxygen throughout the plant as needed.
		These roots are found in parasitic plants, where aerial roots become cemented to the host plant via a sticky attachment disc before intruding into the tissues of the host.
	www.experiencefestival.com /a/Aerial_root_-_Types_of_Aerial_Roots/id/605501 (497 words)

	Aerial root nodules in the tropical legume, Pentaclethra macroloba
		Aerial root nodules in the tropical legume, Pentaclethra macroloba
		A report on the novel occurrence of aerial rhizobial nodules attached to adventitious roots of P. macroloba in a lowland tropical rain forest swamp in Costa Rica.
		High host tree abundance and nodulation in the swamp compared to upland sites indicate the aerial root symbiosis may contribute more fixed nitrogen to the local ecosystem than the more typical buried root symbiosis.
	www.trophort.com /information/data/B02/S27/WAL89AER27X0920.html (176 words)

	Aerial root: Encyclopedia II - Aerial root - Types of Aerial Roots
		The roots sprout branches along the way, and eventually when soil is reached, will uptake nutrients in a more typical fashion.
		The surface of these roots are covered with lenticels which take up air into spongy tissue which in turn uses osmotic pathways to spread the needed oxygen throughout the plant as needed.
		These roots are found in parasitic plants, where aerial roots become cemented to the host plant via a sticky attachment disc before intruding into the tissues of the host.
	www.globaloneness.com /a/Aerial_root_-_Types_of_Aerial_Roots/id/605501 (497 words)

	Nikon MicroscopyU: SMZ1500 Fluorescence Digital Image Gallery - Orchid Aerial Root
		The epiphyte orchid has an aerial root, and is predominately found in tropical habitats.
		Epiphytes grow nonparasitically on trees; their roots only attach to trees and do not derive any nourishment from them.
		The orchid aerial root has a multi-layered, sponge-like covering called a velamen that helps to provide structure, prevent water loss, and is adapted to absorb water from the surrounding air.
	www.microscopyu.com /galleries/smz1500/orchidaerialrootsmall.html (362 words)

	Aerial root bridal shoes Aerial root
		View targeted search results for aerial root and find what you're looking for.
		Aerial roots are modified adventitious roots found in epiphytic orchids (orchids that grow on trees).
		Such roots are adapted to absorb moisture from air.
	www.find-ask.com /Encyclopedia/Aerial_root/Aerial_root.html (159 words)

	Figs Under Lights (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Aerial roots are attractive and will form naturally on bonsai plants that are in high humidity, under shade, and from older wood.
		Other techniques allow numerous aerial roots to begin their development, but one is never assured of their proper orientation.
		Once aerial roots are hardened off and growing in the ground it is easy to move them and wire them into exactly the right position for your composition.
	www.bonsaihunk.us /Figsindoors.html (2586 words)

	Tinospora fragosa
		The root will only appear during the rainy season and the rest of the plant will remain dormant, as its first priority is rooting during the warm, wet season.
		This solitary root is initially thin (1-1.5 mm in diameter) but once established soon thickens.
		Aerial cuttings (deciduous at this time) of about 250 mm and longer can be grown during late winter.
	www.plantzafrica.com /planttuv/tinospfrag.htm (904 words)

	PLANT DEVELOPMENT Phase II, Mangrove Replenishment Initiative
		In three to five years, aerial roots will also begin to sprout farther up the main stem reaching out to provide substantial support and brace the tree.
		It is the establishment of aerial or prop root reinforcement that will allow the tree to ultimately gain complete independence from the encasement.
		When the first aerial root firmly implants itself into the sediment, the added stability will enable the tree to resist forces of the wrack line, withstanding a formadable physical influence that has demonstrated the ability to sulpulcher free standing seedlings at every prior stage of development.
	mangrove.org /develop2.htm (870 words)

	Number, Position, Diameter and Initial Direction of Growth of Primary Roots in Musa -- LECOMPTE et al. 90 (1): 43 -- ...
		Number of primary roots at the corm surface for each DBC (distances to the base of the corm) class between 0–1 cm to 7–8 cm from the base, as a function of cumulative degree-days.
		significant increase in root basal diameter with DBC.
		B, As in A, for various classes of roots depending on their position on the corm: 0–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–8, from 0 to 2 cm, 2 to 4 cm, 4 to 6 cm and 6 to 8 cm to the base of the corm, respectively.
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/90/1/43 (4141 words)

	Analysis of the early expression characters for the differentiation of Lotus glaber Mill
		For the final evaluation the substrate of each plant was separated by flooding followed by washing of the radical system in a flow of water on a mesh.
		The following determinations were made: main stem length, number of unfolded leaves on the main stem, number of crown stems, root length, number of secondary ramifications and degree of root dominance; dry weight of main stem, crown stems and root.
		Aerial dry weight was calculated both, in total and aerial dry weight/root dry weight ratio.
	www.psu.missouri.edu /lnl/v31/Colares.htm (725 words)

	Aerial spraying could resume to eliminate willows - 02 Aug 2006 - NZ Herald: New Zealand National news
		A proposal is on the table to bring back aerial spraying this summer to wipe out pest plants in a section of Waitakere bush.
		Now the Waitakere council is keen to launch an aerial spray of the hard-to-reach areas, using a herbicide already in use by other government departments.
		The purpose of willow control is mainly to lower the risk of flooding, as the trees commonly block peoples' drains.
	www.nzherald.co.nz /section/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10394213 (564 words)

	My Web Garden.com - The Garden Glossary
		Aerial roots are commonly seen on mature specimens of Monstera deliciosa.
		ROOTING HORMONE -- A chemical in powder or liquid form which promotes the formation of roots at the base of a cutting.
		It may be a fleshy root (e.g Dahlia) or a swollen underground stem.
	www.mywebgarden.com /articles/art_the_garden_glossary.html (4415 words)

	Glossary: R - Rootstock. Plant used to provide roots for a grafted plant.
		Root The part of a plant, normally underground, that anchors it and through which water and nutrients are absorbed (see also Aerial root).
		Root ball The roots and accompanying soil or compost visible when a plant is removed from a container or lifted from the open ground.
		Root crops Vegetables such as carrots and potatoes grown for their edible roots.
	homepage.mac.com /gardensbyivydene/Glossary/glossaryr-rootst.html (475 words)

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