Afar (ethnicity) - Factbites

Afar (ethnicity) - Factbites
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Topic: Afar (ethnicity)

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	Encyclopedia: Afar
		Afar is one of the nine ethnic divisions (kililoch) of Ethiopia.
		Afar peoples live primarily in the Afar Region of Ethiopia, eastern Eritrea, and Djibouti, but as they are traditionally nomadic herders, they may be found further afield.
		Afar was the site of the discovery of "Lucy", the Australopithecus afarensis skeletal remains, by Donald Johanson of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Afar (1078 words)

	Afar language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Afar is a Lowland East Cushitic language spoken in Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti.
		The basic word order in Afar, like in other East Cushitic languages, is Subject Object Verb.
		The beginning of Genesis 1 in Afar at The Rosetta Project.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Afar_language (398 words)

	Djibouti - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A civil war led by Afar rebels in the early 1990s was stopped by a peace accord in 1994.
		Although French and Arabic are the official languages, Somali and Afar are widely spoken.
		In 1967, the name was changed to the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/French_Somaliland (926 words)

	Afar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Afar language, one of the East Cushitic languages
		Look up afar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
		Afar people, who principally reside in Djibouti, Eritrea, and Ethiopia
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Afar (107 words)

	Asab Port
		Ethnicity is a consequence of the patrimonialization and concentration of state power starting from the time of King Menelik to Mengistu Hailemariam.
		This is to say that even if EPRDF is the promoter of ethnicity, it is also true that independent journalists, intellectuals, political party leaders have played a great role in the ethnic differentiation without forgetting the negative role of western anthropologists who want us to be a laboratory of their theories.
		Furthermore, the Ethiopian government is duty-bound to defend the economic interest and national aspirations of its Afar national minority who wish to remain as a united people, as they were until 1991 when the Afar coastal regions were illegally ceded to Eritrea.
	www.freewebs.com /lebeza/wasse.html (16915 words)

	2. Ethnic conflict in the Horn of Africa: Myth and reality
		Another difficulty with the concept of ethnicity and ethnic conflict is the common assumption that ethnic similarities and differences are the basis for social harmony or discord.
		Ethnicity all of a sudden became the predominant explanation of many of the things that went wrong in the society.
		First, it is not clear what is meant by the terms "ethnic group," "ethnicity," and "ethnic conflict." In the context of the Horn, many concepts, such as nationality, tribe, and now clan, have been used interchangeably with that of ethnic group, and it is very difficult to distinguish between them.
	www.unu.edu /unupress/unupbooks/uu12ee/uu12ee06.htm (5588 words)

	AFRICAN BY NATURE® - GLOSSARY OF TERMS
		Afar is the name that people of the Northeast use themselves.
		The appeal of this term is obvious, alluding as it does not to imaginary skin color but to an ethnicity constructed of geography, history, and culture, and it won rapid acceptance from people of African descent globally, alongside similar forms such as Asian American.
		Afar is a more or less homogenous ethnic group.
	www.africanbynature.com /glossary.html (10786 words)

	Ethiopia: Ethiopia's Peoples ~a HREF="/et_00_00.html#et_02_04"
		Most Afar are pastoralists but are restricted in their nomadism by the need to stay close to permanent wells in extremely arid country.
		Except for several petty centralized states under sultans or shaykhs, the Afar are fragmented among tribes, subtribes, and still smaller divisions and are characterized by a distinction between noble and commoner groups, about which little is known.
		Traits based on ethnicity and religion are deeply ingrained and are not susceptible to elimination by ideology.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/etsave/et_02_04.html (5506 words)

	UNDP-EUE: Situation of Displaced People in Afar Region Remains Sketchy, 03/99
		The livelihood of the Afar pastoralist population is primarily based on livestock (small ruminants, cattle and camels), palm mats and, in Zone 2, salt.
		Given the socio-economic background of the predominantly nomadic Afar Region, this is clearly an exercise that is particularly difficult.
		According to the regional DPPB in Asayita, the increase over the figure of 27,720 given in the February Afar Regional Contingency Plan[4] was due to an additional episode of displacement which took place in March.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /African_Studies/Hornet/Afar0399.html (3781 words)

	Theory versus Practice in the Implementation of Ethiopia’s Ethnic Federalism
		On the notion of ethnicity, there are at least two approaches: the primordial that considers ethnicity as given and unchanging and the instrumental that views ethnicity as an erroneous comprehension of economic and political deprivations, something artificial and fluid.
		Ethnicity is a state of mind emanating from a feeling of separate identity, which in turn is based on shared cultural markers (culture, language, religion etc).
		In addition to the competition over resources between the Afar and Issa that is more or less the same with the case of the Borona and the Gari, the tension between the Afar and Issa becomes more complex because it is very much interlinked with the geopolitics of the Horn.
	www.aigaforum.com /endnote.htm (4949 words)

	ReliefWeb » Document Preview » Afar Region: A deeper crisis looms
		Historically, the Afar and the Oromo of the western escarpment have grazed in each other's land, i e., the Oromo in the lowlands during the wet season and the Afar on the escarpment in the dry season.
		Afar land, about 150,000 km2, stretches from Awash Station and the Allideghi plain of the Middle Valley in the south to the coastal depression of the Red Sea in the North.
		Afar Region is one of the poorest and least developed Regions of Ethiopia, neglected by national development efforts.
	www.reliefweb.int /w/rwb.nsf/vCEF/A55845B9746369CBC1256C7500413A66 (4907 words)

	Journal of Political Ecology
		Also, their understanding of ethnicity was not that far removed from much of what was produced in the West, in particular, what was being written on ethnic relations in the USSR.
		Following the latest trend in Soviet studies, Khazanov claims that the Soviet concept of ethnicity was primordialist "inasmuch as it was based on the notion of descent." In contemporary anthropological science "primordialism" is a four-letter word.
		Ethnicity, Nationalism, and Politics in the Commonwealth of Independent States, by Anatoly M. Khazanov.
	dizzy.library.arizona.edu /ej/jpe/volume_4/kolstovol4.htm (1439 words)

	Press Release by Turkmen National Action Front
		The operation in Tal Afar, which the U.S. military said was a hotbed for militants smuggling men and arms from neighboring Syria, reportedly came to an end this week, and the return of residents to the town was allowed by U.S. forces after days of siege.
		The Turkmen town of Tal Afar with a population approximately 400,000 has been under continuous bombing from both the US forces and the newly established Iraqi National Guards, which are predominately Kurds.
		Moreover, to break the Turkmen resistance completely the city of Tal Afar was attacked in September 2003 by Kurdish militias and bombed heavily by American forces under the pretext of foreign Jihadists/terrorists, a threat that turned out to be wrong.
	www.iraq4u.com /forum/fb.asp?m=5619 (1925 words)

	AllPuntland News
		Instead the Afars who were handsomely rewarded for their receptiveness and support for the French colony were politically active.
		It came about as a result of the restructure of the colony in 1957 when an Executive Council majority of which were of the people of Afar was installed, and the ensuing constitutional referendum of 1958 injected a poison pill in that the French Somaliland was to join the French overseas territory.
		, while the majority did not constitute a robust political entity that could challenge the Afars with their close ties with the French rule.
	www.allpuntland.com /news1/eng/news_item.asp?NewsID=989 (1946 words)

	It Is Never Too Late
		The heads of states have also said that they have addressed the wide spread problem of ethnicity, nationalism and the tendency to keep an ethnic group superior over all others and come up with proposals to do away with these during the one month long conference.
		According to a press conference they held at the Prime Minister's Office last Monday, the Heads of Afar, Benshangul, Gambella and Harari States, vowed to fight undemocratic practices and corruption that is wide spread in the country.
		The heads of the states have indicated that they have openly discussed the highly prevalent undemocratic practices in every state and underlined that it is such practices that have prevented developmental progress.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2001/06/15-06-01/Never.htm (661 words)

	Ophir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Another possibility is the African shore of the Red Sea, with the name perhaps being derived from the Afar people of Ethiopia.
		Other assumptions vary as widely as theoretical locations of Atlantis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ophir (309 words)

	Uc Tarz-i Siyaset (THREE POLICIES), Yusuf Akcura (1876-1935)
		When they were in foreign countries, however, they saw their own country with greater clarity from afar, and they were successful in understanding the gradually increasing political importance of religion and ethnicity for the East.
		His ideology of Turkish nationalism was distinguished by its definition of the Turkish nation in terms of ethnicity, its recognition that the Turks must develop a national economy to sustain national consciousness and its insistence on reform of all institutions of Turkish society in accordance with a program of total Westernization.
		It is not improbable that these Ottoman statesmen, through an inadequate understanding of the nature of the policies pursued by the Germans and the Italians, who were striving for their political unity at that time, presented these movements as evidence to support the correctness of their policy.
	www.ku.edu /carrie/texts/carrie_books/paksoy-2/cam9.html (6310 words)

	Djibouti
		Discrimination based on ethnicity and clan affiliation limited the role of members of minority groups and clans, particularly the Afar minority ethnic group, in government and politics.
		Afars hold a number of high Ministerial posts; however, they are not well represented at lower levels.
		In almost all the cases of the rape of Afar women by soldiers in recent years, the victims did not press charges due to shame and fear (see Section 1.c.).
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2000/af/index.cfm?docid=665 (8123 words)

	News release - UT Health Science Center-San Antonio
		Krysten James, another 2002 AFAR recipient, presented a study of how attitudes about ethnicity and gender affect attitudes toward post-mortem procedures.
		Jessica Bland, 2002 AFAR winner, discussed a study of the rates of simultaneously occurring primary malignant cancers in older adults by age, race, geographic location and gender from 1989 to 1999.
		Recently, two UTHSC medical students supported by AFAR scholarships presented original research at the annual meeting of the American Geriatrics Society.
	www.uthscsa.edu /opa/releases/nrel21July03.htm (317 words)

	Race & Ethnicity
		Ethnicity and race, the lines between the two often being blurred, have a large impact upon the characters in The Dollmaker.
		Characters in the novel often judge individuals based on ethnic and racial stereotypes.
	www.georgetown.edu /users/sim/race.htm (2201 words)

	Ethnicity and Race by Countries
		Decline in the prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly by race/ethnicity: 1995-2002.
		Race, class, and leisure activity preferences: marginality and ethnicity revisited.
		Categorical usages and complex realities: race, ethnicity, and religion in the United States.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0855617.html (2528 words)

	A Commentary on Tedros
		Thus EPRDF’s policies on Ethnicity - at least in the beginning - was the correct one, as is the recent highly pragmatic discussions of the Boarder issue, and I agreed with it.
		Furthermore the ‘ethical dimension’ – the dimension that relates to the loss of ancestral lands of the Irob, Afar and Badme people should be a forceful factor worth considering before one advocates for the right of those who ‘doggedly’ fight to gain their freedom.
		Afars of the Assab environs claim, and rightly, so that they are Ethiopians.
	www.ethiopiafirst.com /news2003/Sept/Commentary_on_dialogue.html (3008 words)

	Article23
		Eritrean Ethnicity: The first page of the Appeal says the "obliged return of people of Eritrean ethnicity from Ethiopia", in a context implying that an Eritrean ethnic group was being expelled from Ethiopia.
		To try to bring in the concept of "Eritrean ethnicity" is simply to promote an Eritrean Government propaganda concept based on an artificial racism.
		No Eritrean has been expelled from Ethiopia on the basis of his or her ethnicity or nationality.
	www.telecom.net.et /~walta/conflict/html/article23.html (1152 words)

	"HAILE": A DISCUSSION OF GRIEF IN ETHIOPIA
		Ethnicity: Oromo 40%, Amhara/Tigrean 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 3%, Gurage 2%
		Interested parties may contact her through the course instructor, at gilbertk@indiana.edu.
	www.indiana.edu /~famlygrf/culture/bladen.html (1386 words)

	Djibouti
		It was renamed the Territory of the Afars and Issas in 1967 and took the name of its capital city on June 27, 1977, when France transferred sovereignty to the new independent nation of Djibouti.
		In 1991, conflict between the Afars and the Issa-dominated government erupted and the continued warfare has ravaged the country.
		Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5%
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0107467.html (608 words)

	ejcjs - Melting Pot or Homogeneity? An Examination of Modern Theories of the Japanese Ethnicity
		The work thus provides an intellectual history both of the concept of ethnicity (nationality) and of the discourse on what it meant to be “Japanese” within the context of empire, and sheds light on many of the colonial policies of imperial Japan.
		Oguma notes that, in the context of the pre-1945 discourse on ethnicity, political realities would have made it difficult to argue for ethnic homogeneity since such a large percentage of imperial subjects were in fact not Japanese.
		This section of the book thus examines the various arguments and theories about ethnicity that were advanced from the mid-Meiji to the end of the Meiji period as Japan assimilated Western theories of race and became a multi-national empire.
	www.japanesestudies.org.uk /reviews/Askew.html (4929 words)

	Infotrieve Online
		We have demonstrated that basing ANC sero-surveillance in urban areas of Afar Region over-samples urban residents of Amhara ethnicity and yields a major over-estimation of overall HIV-1 prevalence for the Region.
		According to the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2000, only 4.5% of the population of Afar Region is of Amhara ethnicity, and 7.8% urban residents.
		We planned an unlinked anonymous sero-survey which included data on basic population characteristics to investigate whether sero-surveillance data from ANCs in Afar Region might be taken to represent the situation among the general population of the Region.
	www4.infotrieve.com /newmedline/detail.asp?NameID=15227880&Session=&searchQuery=HIV+Seroprevalence&count=2739 (354 words)

	OPEN LETTER Ethiopian Archbishop appeals to Border Commission March 8
		The Afar coast regions, and the port of Assab, have been recognized as sea outlet of Ethiopia to the outside world by the four powers peace conference in 1948, before the disposition of the Eritrean future.
		If the port of Assab, and the Afar Land, belonged to Eritrea, the Eritreans, with the collaboration of some of the Arab Countries, will be able to open and close the Ethiopian throat any time they wanted.
		I am now living in the United States, as a political and religious refugee, in opposition to the illegal government that rules Ethiopia, and the illegal Patriarch of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church that was appointed by the government.
	www.tisjd.net /archbishop.htm (1853 words)

	InterAction.org Media
		ADRA is present in more than 120 countries providing individual and community development and disaster relief without regard to political or religious association, age or ethnicity.
		The Tel Afar Hospital serves about 22,000 patients each month and also supports an outpatient clinic that serves 4,700 patients monthly.
		"Medical and pharmaceutical supplies have been limited at Tel Afar Hospital due to its remote location and the disruption of the distribution system since conflict began in Iraq earlier this year," said Frank Teeuwen, bureau chief for disaster preparedness and response for ADRA International.
	www.interaction.org /newswire/detail.php?id=1875 (244 words)

	Creative Writing Program: Reviews
		When he reaches the house of the Beans (a wealthy white family), he finds himself locked out by a gate, and can see the Bean family only from afar through their front window.
		Nor does he share Edgar’s animosity toward whites and Filipinos who reject their ethnicity.
		Although the novel’s political content and vivid descriptions of drug use, spousal abuse, and pedophilia are a bit sobering, one cannot help but laugh at the antics of the group of fifth-grade Filipino kids at the center of the story, as they embrace 1970’s American pop-culture to escape from the political climate that surrounds them.
	humwww.ucsc.edu /CWP/review_3.html (819 words)

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