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Topic: Affective spectrum

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	GENETICS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND AFFECTIVE DISORDER
		Another hypothesis proposed is that schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder are two distinct entities and that unipolar and schizoaffective disorders are expressed in the relatives of patients in both the categories (Gershon et al, 1988).
		Family studies of affective disorder have consistently demonstrated that the FDR of bipolar I probands are 8-18 times more likely than are the FDR of control subjects to have bipolar I disorder and 2-10 times more likely to have major depressive disorder.
		The affective disorder spectrum found in the study was: depressive disorders, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, attention deficit disorder, alcoholism and neurotic disorder.
	www.priory.com /psych/genetics.htm (2110 words)

	Affective spectrum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The affective spectrum is a grouping of related psychiatric and medical disorders which may accompany bipolar, unipolar, and schizoaffective disorders at statistically higher rates than would normally be expected.
		The following may also be part of the spectrum accompanying affective disorders.
		Affective spectrum disorder: does antidepressant response identify a family of disorders with a common pathophysiology?
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Affective_disorder (173 words)

	Soft Bipolar Spectrum - Hyperthymia
		Affective instability (the Clinician-Administered Rating Scale for Mania score) was also lower in the group treated with sustained-release lithium carbonate compared to placebo.
		The diagnosis of bipolar spectrum disorders (BPSD) is difficult to evaluate in child and adolescent populations.
		Recognition of the broader spectrum of bipolar disorders and their adequate treatment is paramount because bipolar disorder exacts such a high personal and societal toll, with high rates of suicide and interpersonal problems and a substantial economic burden.
	www.psycom.net /depression.central.soft.bipolar.html (6003 words)

	Alcohol Research & Health: Is there a genetic relationship between alcohol... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Other alternatives are that both alcoholism and affective disorder may develop as the result of a common genetic predisposition or may develop as completely separate illnesses.
		Nevertheless, such analyses have confirmed that an association between alcoholism and affective disorders exists and that this association is at least partly mediated by genetic factors.
		Despite this limitation, the study's results, in combination with prior studies, suggest that the pattern of disorders in the family is a reasonable clinical characteristic to use for the differentiation of subgroups within alcoholism.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:106731238&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (4553 words)

	:: OBAD :: Bipolar Affective Disorder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Bipolar Affective Disorder is an abnormal fluctuation in moods, varying between marked highs (mania) and lows (depression) with periods of stability.
		Recent breakthroughs in understanding the humane genome have suggested depression, bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia are all related on a spectrum in chromosome 22.
		Unipolar Affective Disorder is an abnormal fluctuation in moods, varying lows (depression) with periods of stability.
	www.obad.ca /bipolar.htm (2490 words)

	CNS: Emotional Responses to Multiple Sclerosis
		For each type of affective pattern, average questionnaire scores are shown for each clinical group of patients and for the total number of patients.
		Regarding the predominance of the four patterns of affective response shown in Table 2, the majority of patients (32) were judged clinically to display overt or concealed depression, but questionnaire scores were proportionately highest for concealed depression neutral mood.
		Affective responses were compared with a set of variables, including duration of illness, progression of illness, course of illness, current status of illness, location of patient, level of mobility, presence or absence of organic mental symptoms, and presence or absence of exacerbations and remissions.
	www.cnsonline.org /www/archive/ms/ms-01.html (2286 words)

	Cyclothymia Research -- Neurotransmitter.net
		Furthermore, the affective fluctuations of patients with these disorders are difficult to separate, on clinical grounds, from cyclothymic temperamental and borderline personality disorders.
		The objective of this study was to evaluate the patterns of affective illness in children and determine changes with increasing age and family history.
		Affective illness, alcoholism, and drug abuse were prominent in the family histories, regardless of the child's pattern of symptoms.
	www.neurotransmitter.net /cyclothymia.html (15717 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Affective neuroscience is the study of the neural mechanisms of emotion.
		As a result, the study of the neural basis of non-emotional and emotional processes emerged as two separate fields: cognitive neuroscience and affective neuroscience.
		Panksepp, J (1992) "A critical role for 'affective neuroscience' in resolving what is basic about basic emotions." Psychol Rev. 99(3):554-60.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=affective_neuroscience (767 words)

	MentalWellness: Online schizophrenia resource and information about mental health issues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Affective disorder - Formerly called mood disorder, affective disorder is the name for types of mental illnesses that are characterized by extreme emotional responses and persistent mood disturbances.
		Bipolar disorder - Sometimes referred to as manic depression, bipolar disorder is a serious affective disorder, typically beginning in adolescence or early adulthood, in which dramatic swings between manic "highs" and depressed "lows" alternate with periods of normal mood.
		Depression - A spectrum of affective disorders, ranging from passing sad moods to serious, crippling disease requiring medical treatment.
	www.mentalwellness.com /html/mw/pd_mentalhealth.xml?article=glossary.jspf (1249 words)

	Bipolar Disorder Diagnostics -- Neurotransmitter.net
		Subsets of patients were compared on the number and type of affective episodes and the duration of inter-episode well intervals observed during a 10-year period following their resolution of the intake affective episode.
		We submit that familial bipolarity ('genotypic' bipolarity) strongly favors their inclusion within the realm of bipolar II spectrum, as a prognostically less favorable depression-prone phenotype of this disorder, and which is susceptible to destabilization under antidepressant treatment.
		The presence of psychotic symptoms, defined as hallucinations or delusions, during an affective episode was compared in families of 46 psychotic and 23 non-psychotic bipolar I probands ascertained at Johns Hopkins for the NIMH Bipolar Disorder Genetics Initiative.
	www.neurotransmitter.net /bipolardiag.html (17217 words)

	Depression in young adults -- Smith and Blackwood 10 (1): 4 -- Advances in Psychiatric Treatment
		(bipolar I in DSM–IV and bipolar affective disorder in
		axis is the primary neurological abnormality in affective disorder.
		Affective, cognitive and endocrine characteristics of risk status and predictors of onset.
	apt.rcpsych.org /cgi/content/full/10/1/4 (5428 words)

	Full Spectrum Lights - Free Shipping
		Full spectrum light boxes are used as therapy for a wide range of seasonal depressions, ranging from the less severe "winter blues" to the more severe Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).
		Seasonal Affective Disorder is a clinical depression which is also characterized by lethargy and depression, but expands to include impaired social interaction and impaired cognitive abilities.
		A wide range of broad spectrum lights for varying purposes such as more realistic rendering of colors indoors, improved reading light, broad spectrum light for the treatment of SAD, and the treatment of skin conditions.
	www.sylvane.com /full-spectrum-lights.html (330 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Seasonal affective disorder
		Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a form of depression that occurs in relation to the seasons, most commonly beginning in winter.
		Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is marked by symptoms of depression profound enough to seriously affect work and relationships.
		Light therapy using a special lamp to mimic the spectrum of light from the sun may also be helpful.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001532.htm (411 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Is FKBP5a genetic marker of affective psychosis? A case control study and analysis of ...
		The essential criteria are bipolarity with a melancholic or manic basic syndrome, or presence of mixed states or partial states with lability of the affect in a unipolar course with complete remission after each episode.
		By contrast monopolar affective psychoses are characterized by distinct affective syndromes recurring in each episode in the same form.
		However, we failed to identify a clear-cut association of genetic markers with the clinical course of affective psychosis in the total sample, measured by age at onset, age of first hospitalisation, frequency and period of in-patient treatment.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-244X/6/52 (3025 words)

	Seasonal Affective Disorder
		It may approach 10% of the general population in northern New England, 5% of the population in the Baltimore/Washington area, and less the 2% of the population of Southern California or Florida.
		Seasonal Affective Disorder is one category within the spectrum of Affective Disorders.
		Affective Disorder is a broad term for the various forms of mood disturbances from which many people suffer.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/wisewoman_chronicles/83001 (413 words)

	Victimized
		Thus, autism was blamed on "Ice Box Parents" (intellectually bright but emotionally cold mothers and fathers), bi-polar affective disorder was blamed on mixed messages in childhood, and gulf war syndrome has been blamed on a myriad of causes.
		Now we understand that autism is a neurological disease caused by damage to the reticular formation and bi-polar affective disorder is a chemical imbalance that can easily be treated in many cases.
		In a study by Hudson and Pope published in the Journal of Rheumatology, these researchers used the term Affective Spectrum Disorder to cover several conditions, including fibromyalgia syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, major depression, panic disorder, bulimia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, cataplexy, attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder, and bi-polar affective disorder.
	www.cssa-inc.org /Articles/Victimized.htm (743 words)

	NIH Guide: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH GENETICS INITIATIVE
		A number of comorbid disorders are also evaluated in the DIGS, including alcohol and substance abuse disorders, and their chronological relationship to the onset of schizophrenic or affective spectrum illnesses is determined.
		Schizophrenia Families with SZ and related spectrum disorders are identified via cooperative agreements to Columbia University, Harvard University, and Washington University.
		Bipolar Disorder Families with BP disorder and related spectrum disorders are identified via cooperative agreements to Indiana University, Johns Hopkins University, and Washington University.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/notice-files/not96-182.html (1021 words)

	Impulse control disorders are broadly defined as mental disorders... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Conceptually, obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders can also be viewed along a continuum with risk avoidance on the compulsive end and risk seeking on the impulsive end.
		McElroy and Wong (1995) have hypothesized that there may be a family of compulsive impulsive spectrum disorders that embrace the impulse control disorders, obsessive compulsive personality disorder and other obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders.
		Viewing these disorders as a part of affective spectrum would also account for number of other observations like case reports of patients with concurrent pyromania and major mood disorders, high rates of ADHD and EEG abnormalities among pathological gamblers and patients of episodic dyscontrol (McElroy et al, 1992).
	www.indegene.com /Psy/FeatArt/indPsyFeatArt9.html (3104 words)

	SAD lamps: full spectrum light boxes for Seasonal Affective Disorder - Seasonal Depression. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		For decades scientists have been studying S.A.D. (Seasonal Affective Disorder) and Light Therapy Treatment, and in the last decade SAD Lamp – Light Box Therapy has emerged as a very popular and effective method for treating S.A.D. The change in light exposure is the key.
		Full spectrum light, with or without Ultraviolet, always appears whiter than other artificial lights because it contains more distribution of colors within the visible spectrum, and white light is composed of all the different colors of the spectrum.
		These estimate ten million Americans are said to be suffering from seasonal affective disorder or SAD, a condition now widely accepted by the medical community and the public at large.
	www.summertan.com /SADlamps.htm (2255 words)

	CJP - August 2004 - The Boundary Between Borderline Personality Disorder and Bipolar Disorder: Current Concepts and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In patients with a history of both affective instability and impulsivity, it is often difficult to determine whether these symptoms occur within the context of discrete episodes, whether they represent a long-standing pattern of functioning, or whether they are a combination of both.
		Their data demonstrated that meeting criteria for both an affective disorder (such as a mood disorder or an anxiety disorder) and an impulse-control disorder (such as a substance use disorder or an eating disorder) over a lifetime has strong sensitivity and specificity for the BPD diagnosis.
		Finally, both BPD and affective disorders may be diagnosed with signs and symptoms arising from many sources, resulting in the cooccurence of affective and borderline symptoms (29).
	www.cpa-apc.org /Publications/Archives/CJP/2004/august/magill.asp (4829 words)

	Psychiatric News Main Frame
		Rather than affect, the disorder is defined mainly by "the obsessive thoughts about body size and shape, and the compulsive behavior regarding exercise and use of a variety of supplements and steroids in an attempt to bulk up," Hollander said.
		There is a selective response to SSRI’s in OCD spectrum disorders, which Hollander said he has used successfully to treat people with muscle dysmorphia.
		Treatment response is "an important defining factor" in determining whether someone suffers from an OCD spectrum disorder, he added.
	www.psych.org /pnews/98-02-06/body.html (1276 words)

	Bi-Polar
		That is, people with affective disorders (bipolar, unipolar, and schizoaffective disorders) often have these accompanying physical problems at a higher rate than the general population.
		A "spectrum" is a grouping of possible other medical problems which may accompany a specific, diagnosed illness.
		In order to qualify as part of a spectrum for an illness, these other conditions must present themselves at a statistically higher rate than would normally be expected.
	www.geocities.com /theoriginalflyfisherman/Bi-Polar.html (3528 words)

	Light Therapy Products
		Winter depression, such as seasonal affective disorder and the winter blues, are a cyclical depression that is most often triggered by the onset of fall or winter as the daylight hours become shorter and shorter.
		Full Spectrum Solutions, Inc. has been a leader in the light therapy industry for the past 8 years.
		Our stylish desk and floor lamps provide enough light to be used as therapy while also providing convenient full spectrum task and general purpose light for the work or home.
	www.fullspectrumsolutions.com /light_therapy_products.shtml (629 words)

	Kathleen R. Merikangas, Ph.D., Senior Investigator
		Her current research focus is a community-based family study of affective spectrum disorders and their overlap with other mental and physical disorders.
		The group's major research project is a community-based family study investigating affective spectrum disorders and their overlap with other mental disorders, especially anxiety disorders and medical disorders such as migraine and cardiovascular disease.
		The goal of this research is to identify the endophenotypes that are closer to the biologic expression of genes underlying these disorders as well as environmental moderators of genetic expression.
	neuroscience.nih.gov /Lab.asp?Org_ID=499 (231 words)

	The Neurobiologically Informed Treatment of Affective Spectrum Disorders: Brain Circuits Determine Destiny in Depression
		The Neurobiologically Informed Treatment of Affective Spectrum Disorders: Brain Circuits Determine Destiny in Depression
		Medscape cannot attest to the timeliness of expired CME activities.
		This CME activity "The Neurobiologically Informed Treatment of Affective Spectrum Disorders" was originally presented at the first NEI Global Psychopharmacology Congress held at the San Diego Convention Center, San Diego, CA on March 11, 2004.
	www.medscape.com /viewprogram/3172 (349 words)

	[No title]
		BACKGROUND: Affective spectrum disorder (ASD) represents a group of psychiatric and medical conditions, each known to respond to several chemical families of antidepressant medications and hence possibly linked by common heritable abnormalities.
		The familial aggregation and coaggregation of disorders were analyzed using proband predictive logistic regression models, including a novel bivariate model for the presence or absence of each of 2 disorders in a relative as predicted by the presence or absence of each of 2 disorders in the associated proband.
		CONCLUSIONS: Affective spectrum disorder aggregates strongly in families, and MDD displays a significant familial coaggregation with other forms of ASD, taken collectively.
	www.immunesupport.com /library/print.cfm?ID=4301 (295 words)

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