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	Affreightment - LoveToKnow 1911
		The law with regard to the contract of affreightment is, of course, a branch of the general law of contract.
		The rules of the common or ancient customary law of England with regard to the carriage of goods were no doubt first considered by the courts and established with regard to the carriage of goods by common carriers on land.
		It must, however, be remembered that the owner of the cargo is entitled under the contract of affreightment to the ordinary service of the ship and crew for the safe carriage of the cargo to its destination, and the shipowner is bound to pay all ordinary expenses incurred for the purpose of the voyage.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Affreightment (4616 words)

	Affreightment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Affreightment (from freight) is a legal term used in shipping.
		The law with regard to the contract of affreightment is, of course, a branch of the general law of contract.
		It must, however, be remembered that the owner of the cargo is entitled under the contract of affreightment to the ordinary service of the ship and crew for the safe carriage of the cargo to its destination, and the shipowner is bound to pay all ordinary expenses incurred for the purpose of the voyage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Affreightment (4717 words)

	Affreightment
		Affreightment (from freight[?]) is a legal term used in shipping.
		It must not be supposed that even these primary obligations, which are introduced into every contract of affreightment not by express terms of the contract.
		There are certain rights and obligations arising out of the relationship of shipowner and cargo-owner in circumstances of extraordinary peril or urgency in the course of a voyage, which, though not strictly contractual, are well established by the customs of merchants and recognized by the law.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/af/Affreightment.html (4649 words)

	AFFREIGHTMENT - LoveToKnow Article on AFFREIGHTMENT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The rules of the common or ancient customary law of England with.regard to the carriage of goods were no doubt first considered by the courts and established with regard to the carriage of goods by common carriers on land.
		In the second place, there is an implied undertaking by the shipowner that all reasonable care will be taken by himself, his servants and agents, safely to carry and deliver at their destination the goods received by him for carriage.
		It must not be supposed that even these primary obligations, which aje introduced into every contract of affreightment not by words but by implication, may not be excluded by the express terms of the contract.
	86.1911encyclopedia.org /A/AF/AFFREIGHTMENT.htm (4251 words)

	AFFREIGHTMENT (from " ... - Online Information article about AFFREIGHTMENT (from " ...
		Affreightment is the expression usually employed to describe the contract between a shipowner and some other See also:
		common clauses in contracts of affreightment have come before the courts for construction, and the decisions in these cases are treated practically, though not perhaps quite logically, as rules of law determining the sense to be put upon certain forms of expression in common use in See also:
		ale introduced into every contract of affreightment not by words but by implication, may not be excluded by the Express express terms of the contract.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ADA_AIZ/AFFREIGHTMENT_from_freight_qv_.html (7034 words)

	Amazon.com: Affreightment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The contract of affreightment as expressed in charterparties and bills of lading by Thomas Edward Scrutton (Unknown Binding - 1948)
		The contract of affreightment as expressed in charterparties and bills of lading: By Sir Thomas Edward Scrutton by Thomas Edward Scrutton (Unknown Binding - 1886)
		Cancellation of contracts of affreightment on account of war and similar circumstances (Handelshogskolan i Goteborg.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Affreightment&index=blended&page=1 (759 words)

	The Saigon Maru (1923)
		Since 1857, some of the lower courts have said that the ship becomes liable for breaches of affreightment contracts with her owner or master whenever partly executed by her; but it is forcibly maintained that in none of the cases was the point directly involved.
		The maritime privilege or lien, though adhering to the vessel, is a secret one which may operate to the prejudice of general creditors and purchasers without notice and is therefore stricti juris and cannot be extended by construction, analogy or inference.
		The theory that partial acceptance of the designated cargo under a contract of affreightment creates a privilege of lien upon the ship for damages resulting from failure to take all, is inconsistent with the opinions of this court and, we think, without support of adequate authority.
	www.admiraltylawguide.com /supct/TheSaigonMaru.htm (1548 words)

	The Pacific Cedar (1933)
		But the undertaking to charge the agreed freight and no more is an inseparable incident to every contract of affreightment, as essential to it and as properly a subject of admiralty jurisdiction as is the obligation of the cargo to pay freight when earned, or of the vessel to carry safely.
		The Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit, Judge Taft writing the opinion, sustained the jurisdiction in rem to recover the excess on the ground that its collection was incidental to the execution of the maritime contract, and to be treated as an overpayment of freight.
		The court, Judge Hough writing the opinion, held, treating the settlement as an overpayment of the charter freight, that the cause was one of affreightment and that a lien attached to the vessel for the amount of the overpayment.
	www.admiraltylawguide.com /supct/ThePacificCedar.htm (1648 words)

	M/V Atlantic Concert
		The Court held, overruling the decision at first instance, that transport by mafi trailer in the port constituted a separate land transport, subject to the general German law of affreightment, under which the defendants’ liability was limited to 8.33 SDR per kilogram.
		The Court rejected the defendants’ argument that the transport by trailer to the warehouse was an annex to the sea transport and subject to maritime law, so that their liability was limited to 2 SDR per kilogram pursuant to German maritime law and their bill of lading terms.
		The Court held that the defendants could not rely on the bill of lading clause limiting their liability to 2 SDR per kilogram because the general law of affreightment (section 449 HGB) required that general business terms relating to the limitation of liability had to be given a prominent appearance by a special printing technique.
	www.onlinedmc.co.uk /m_v_atlantic_concert.htm (1067 words)

	GasChem Services - GasChem-Medgas Pool
		The gas tanker freight market is a specialized shipping segment which predominantly is contract of affreightment based and thus requires a fleet operation rather than a single ship strategy.
		The GasChem-Gasmare Pool is engaged in the deep sea and coastal carriage of olefinic/chemical gases and LPG under contracts of affreightment with major chemical / oil companies and trading houses as well as in the international spot- and time charter gas market.
		GasChem-Gasmare Pool is a leading fleet operator in the gas tanker market segment between 4.000 and 10.000 cbm capacity with a pool fleet of 34 tankers and a total capacity of 217.000 cbm.
	www.gaschem.de /pool.html (391 words)

	Nigeria To Earn $4 Billion Annually From Crude Oil Affreightment
		Festus Ugwu, has disclosed that the country could earn additional $4 billion annually if Nigerian companies participate in the export affreightment of the country's crude oil.
		He made this assertion in a paper entitled: "Growing the Nigerian Economy through Shipping," presented at the 7th Nigerian Economic Summit recently held in Abuja.
		Chief Dieprieye Alamieyeseigha last Thursday became the first former governor in Nigeria to be jailed for corruption....
	www.independentngonline.com /?c=84&a=5883 (498 words)

	The El Amria and The El Minia
		They also took order bills of lading - the contract of affreightment contained no exclusive jurisdiction clause but the bill of lading did (in favour of the Egyptian courts).
		But note that it was accepted that if the receivers were party to the contract of affreightment, then that and not the bill of lading would govern their relationship:
		But the receivers were held not to be party to that contract (i.e., the contract of affreightment).
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/pntodd/cases/cases_e/el_amria.htm (754 words)

	Glossary of Terms
		A clause in a contract of affreightment relating to liability of the shipowner under the U.S. Harter Act in disputes concerning general average.
		Most contracts of affreightment provide for general average to be adjusted in accordance with these rules.
		In the absence of such agreement adjustment is made in accordance with the law of the place where the adventure is terminated.
	www.seafreightcouncils.com.au /glossary.htm (9392 words)

	Marbulk v. Martin Marietta
		The panel majority decided that the safe port warranty in the Contract of Affreightment was not applicable because Theodore was a named port.
		The panel, unanimously, further determined that the vessel had grounded outside the navigable turning basin and that the grounding was the fault of the master and pilot in the navigation of the vessel
		The vessel is a 1995 built bulk carrier, 615 feet in length and 106 feet in beam.
	www.onlinedmc.co.uk /marbulk_v__martin_marietta.htm (1047 words)

	Glossary - Next Steps - Small Business Exporters Network (SBEN)
		Bills of Lading and Airway Bills are evidence of "contract of affreightment".
		House Airway Bill - this is a document issued by the Freight Forwarder, acting as a carrier, clearly showing the contract of affreightment between the freight forwarder and the exporter.
		House Bill of Lading (the Bill of Lading issued by a Freight Forwarder), acting as a carrier, clearly showing the contract of affreightment between forwarder and exporter.
	www.exporters.sbdc.com.au /04_10_glossary.asp (2456 words)

	Shipping, shipbuilding, offshore news (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The temperature and other specifications of the compartments can be regulated according to the specific requirements of the type of liquid being transported.
		A contract of affreightment is a contract between a customer and a parcel tanker shipping company for the transportation of bulk liquids from one port to another.
		A contract of affreightment typically covers multiple shipments during a certain time period and specifies the price, cargo destinations and other terms and conditions.
	www.marinelog.com /DOCS/NEWSMMIII/MMIIISept29a.html (1026 words)

	Marinfo
		AFFREIGHTMENT The hiring of a ship in whole or part
		BL2 acts as a Contract of Affreightment, a receipt and evidence of title to the cargo.
		COA per revenue tonne for cargo carried on a specific number of voyages.
	www.marinfo.spb.ru /r_termins.htm (1048 words)

	Tanker Shipping
		European operations are managed by Broström Tankers AB in Göteborg and Broström Tankers SAS in Paris, while Global operations are handled by Broström Tankers Ltd, which has offices in Sandefjord and Singapore.
		One essential part of the strategy is Broström´s focus on long-term contracts of affreightment whereby Broström participates in the customer´s logistics planning.
		A Contract of Affreightment is an agreement to transport a designated amount of cargo beetween agreed destinations over a certain period.
	www.brostroms.se /Page.aspx?pid=58 (306 words)

	affreightment - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "affreightment" is defined.
		Affreightment : Online Plain Text English Dictionary [home, info]
		AFFREIGHTMENT : 1911 edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=affreightment (162 words)

	National Grain and Feed Association
		As a member of the Arbitration Appeals Committee that reviewed this case, it was my opinion that the original decision of the arbitration committee should be affirmed.
		It clearly was not the intention of either party to enter into a contract for affreightment.
		Rather, as evidenced by the written contracts and by the actions of both parties, they intended to create a contractual instrument that would be a measure of the value of Illinois River barge freight.
	www.ngfa.org /article.asp?article_id=2203 (1460 words)

	Shipping Terms : Boats and Shipping (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Affreightment - Home Encylopedia Directory eShowcase Sitemap Privacy Contact Us Enyclopedia Home
		See live article Affreightment Affreightment (from freight) is a legal term used in shipping.
		Contract of Affreightment is the expression usually employed to describe the contract between a shipowner and some other person called the freighter, by which the shipowner agrees to carry goods of the freighter in his ship,...
	www.shipnationsway.com /286-Shipping-Terms.html (999 words)

	TTM15100 - Background Material
		A ‘contract of affreightment is a contract between a shipowner and a shipper, whereby the shipowner undertakes to carry a cargo over a certain route on specified occasions.
		A feature of such a contract of affreightment is that it is unlikely to relate to any particular ship, in contrast to a charterparty.
		A charter is a contract to hire a ship for a particular time or journey.
	www.hmrc.gov.uk /manuals/ttmmanual/ttm15100.htm (200 words)

	Transportation Institute Maritime Glossary
		AFFREIGHTMENT, CONTRACT OF - An agreement by an ocean carrier to provide cargo space on a vessel at a specified time and for a specified price to accommodate an exporter or importer.
		Specialized types of container ships are the LASH and SeaBee which carry floating containers (or "lighters,") and RoRo ships, which may carry containers on truck trailers.
		CONTRACT OF AFFREIGHTMENT (COA) - A service contract under which a ship owner agrees to transport a specified quantity of fuel products or specialty products, at a specified rate per ton, between designated loading and discharge ports.
	www.trans-inst.org /seawords.htm (13796 words)

	allAfrica.com: Nigeria: Indigenous Ship Owners Lose Over N560b Crude Affreightment for Lack of Vessels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Articles and commentaries that identify allAfrica.com as the publisher are produced or commissioned by AllAfrica.
		Indigenous shipping operators in the country are missing out of the opportunity of benefitting from an estimated N560 billion accruable from crude oil affreightment because they do not have large vessels and lack the capacity to partake in the business, Director General of the National Maritime Authority (NMA), Engr.
		Ugwu, made this assertion, in a paper entitled "Growing the Nigerian Economy through Shipping" presented at the 12th Nigerian Economic Summit recently held in Abuja.
	allafrica.com /stories/200606260122.html (539 words)

	Definition of affreightment - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Learn more about "affreightment " and related topics at Britannica.com
		Find more about "affreightment " instantly with Live Search
		See a map of "affreightment " in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.mirriamwebster.com /dictionary/affreightment (41 words)

	Oilfield encyclopedia index glossary
		The temperature at which a fuel begins to congeal and take on a cloudy appearance due to bonding of paraffin.
		Contract Of Affreightment between ship owner and charterer.
		Commercial Reserves of oil and gas are restricted to volumes recoverable at an acceptable profitability.
	www.anson.co.uk /oilfield_glossary.html (5958 words)

	Find in a Library: A practical guide to contracts of affreightment and hybrid contracts
		Find in a Library: A practical guide to contracts of affreightment and hybrid contracts
		A practical guide to contracts of affreightment and hybrid contracts
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/563c65bd920e7012a19afeb4da09e526.html (71 words)

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