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Topic: African National

	African National Congress - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The African National Congress (ANC) is a social-democratic political party, and has been South Africa's governing party supported by a tripartite alliance between itself, the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the South African Communist Party (SACP) since the establishment of majority rule in May 1994.
		Originally called the South African Native National Congress until 1923, it was founded to increase the rights of the South African fl population, on 8 January 1912 in Bloemfontein, and counted John Dube (its first president) and poet and author Sol Plaatje among its founding members.
		In April 1994, in a tripartite alliance with the South African Communist Party and the Congress of South African Trade Unions, the ANC won a landslide victory in the 1994 general election, and Nelson Mandela was elected the first President of South Africa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/African_National_Congress (1731 words)

	South African National Defence Force - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) is the name of the armed forces of South Africa.
		Recent peacekeeping actions on the behalf of the South African military include an invasion of Lesotho in order to restore the democratically-elected government after a coup, as well as extensive contributions to the United Nations peacekeeping operations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Burundi.
		On the DCC are the four service chiefs, the chief of the National Defence Force staff, the military inspector general, the chiefs of defence headquarters staff divisions, and other key defence officials.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_African_National_Defence_Force (501 words)

	African National Congress - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		African National Congress (ANC), South African political organization, historically devoted to the removal of apartheid and other institutional...
		National Academy of Sciences, body of scientists incorporated by an act of the Congress of the United States in 1863 for the purpose of...
		National Aeronautics and Space Administration, an agency of the United States government, established by the National Aeronautics and Space Act of...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /African_National_Congress.html (207 words)

	African Elephants - National Zoo\| FONZ
		National Zoo Diet: Each day at the Zoo, elephants eat 125 pounds of hay, ten pounds of herbivore pellets, ten pounds of vegetables and fruits, and a few leafy branches.
		African elephants communicate with rumbles, growls, bellows, and moans.
		The largest known specimen of the African savanna elephant is on display at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History.
	nationalzoo.si.edu /Animals/AfricanSavanna/fact-afelephant.cfm (903 words)

	Serengeti Africa \| African national park famous for wildebeest great migration \| Abacus African Safaris
		A safari to Tanzania’s Serengeti National Park is an African adventure to a place with the greatest and most varied wildlife population on this planet.
		The Serengeti National Park encompasses an area as large as the state of Connecticut and is part of a much larger eco system embracing Kenya’s Masai Mara to the north and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area in the south east.
		The area making up Serengeti National Park is geographically diverse, with grasslands in the south, acacia trees dotting the savanna in the centre, more elevated grassland in the north and woodland with fl clay plains in the west.
	www.african-safaris-adventures.com /plains_of_serengeti_abacus_african_safaris.htm (943 words)

	NARA - Genealogists/Family Historians - African American Research
		African American historical research can be undertaken in both military and civilian records; however, the documentation is scattered through a variety of correspondence of government and private citizens and government reports.
		But in addition, the National Archives has records from three post-Civil War Federal agencies which are invaluable for the study of fl family life and genealogy.
		These records are an extremely rich source of documentation for the African American family historian seeking to "bridge the gap" for the transitional period from slavery to freedom, and may provide considerable personal data about the African American family and community.
	www.archives.gov /genealogy/heritage/african-american (1082 words)

	South Africa Formation of the African National Congress, 1912 - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural ...
		Numerous meetings were held by Africans, coloureds, and Indians to protest the whites-only nature of the constitutional discussions that took place in 1908 to 1909.
		But it was opposition to the Natives Land Act, preliminary drafts of which were debated in 1911, that led to the formation in 1912 of the most significant organization, the South African Native National Congress (renamed the African National Congress [ANC] in 1923).
		Several hundred members of South Africa's educated African elite met at Bloemfontein on January 8, 1912, and established a national organization to protest racial discrimination and to appeal for equal treatment before the law.
	workmall.com /wfb2001/south_africa/south_africa_history_formation_of_the_african_national_congress_1912.html (827 words)

	OHS - Places - National Afro-American Museum and Cultural Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The National Afro-American Museum and Cultural Center near Dayton aims to educate the public about African American history and culture from African origins to the present through a variety of programs, including museum exhibits, research and publications, visiting scholars, oral and visual history and adult and children's educational activities.
		The compelling photomontage mural is arranged in sections corresponding to the different settings in the museum (i.e., family life, education, community and social interactions, entertainment and sports), and provides an impressive backdrop for the remainder of the exhibit.
		The National Afro-American Museum and Cultural Center is located in historic Wilberforce, on Brush Row Road, one-half mile north of U.S. 42 and adjacent to Central State University.
	www.ohiohistory.org /places/afroam (959 words)

	African Activist Archive Project - Links
		The archives of the African National Congress of South Africa are at the University of Fort Hare Library.
		DISA is digitalizing and placing on the web South African anti-apartheid publications from 1950-1994 representing a wide spectrum of political views published during these years, but also a diversity of subjects such as trade unions, religion, health, culture, and gender.
		The African Studies Center at MSU is the sponsor of the African Activist Archive Project.
	www.africanactivist.msu.edu /links.php (4450 words)

	John Dube and the African National Congress
		PUBLIC FORUM TO 8, 2001--A public forum on history, heritage and film entitled "In Search of John Langalibalele Dube: Oberlin Reconnects with Its Historic Role in the Freedom Struggles of the African National Congress" will be held March 17 at the Oberlin Public Library.
		African scholar Cherif Keita of Carleton College and Zaire’s filmmaker Mweze Ngangura will be joined by members of the Oberlin College African American studies department Yakubu Saaka and James Millette; the department of sociology’s emeritus professor Al McQueen; and the department of religion’s A. Miller, in discussing Dube’s role in an historic and contemporary context.
		With the help of Keita and Ngangura, Oberlin is recovering its historic roles in the life of John L. Dube and the South African Freedom Struggle by documenting the reconnection between Oberlin and South Africa for a film to be presented this year at Dube’s Ohlange Institute’s centennial celebration.
	www.oberlin.edu /newserv/01mar/african_national_congress.html (278 words)

	Southern African National Parks - SAPARKS.COM
		It is a national institution, and many visitors view their annual visit there as something of a pilgrimage.
		Kruger National Park enjoys worldwide recognition as both a wildlife destination and a world leader in environmental practices and conservation initiatives.
		The most impressive aspect of Kruger National Park is the immense size and scale of running the park and the enormous effort and responsibilities required to manage it.
	www.krugerpark.com (283 words)

	NAFOAOG
		The issue of illegal African immigrants, who find it very difficult to secure decent jobs and settle for any odd jobs, is a very pathetic case.
		Secondly, there is the need to reach out to the non-believing Africans early enough before they are swallowed up by the prosperity of the land.
		These fellowship groups shall be totally accountable to the parent churches and become the outreach wings of the churches in reaching to Africans in the community.
	www.geocities.com /nationalafricanfellowship (779 words)

	Arusha National Park - African Encounters
		Arusha National Park is an attractive little park located on the outskirts of Arusha.
		Not many visitors visit the park during the year which is surprising due to the concentrations of wildlife that are found in the area.
		Although it is not on any path of the major migration routes of the wildebeest it still has an attractive array of wildlife and birdlife.
	www.africanencounters.com /tanzania/arushanp.htm (149 words)

	African Bone Tools Dispute Key Idea About Human Evolution
		Summary A large set of specialized bone tools from a South African cave is forcing scientists to rethink a key idea about human origins: when "modern" behavior emerged.
		A large set of specialized bone tools found recently in a South African cave is forcing archaeologists to rethink their ideas about when "modern" human behavior emerged.
		Henshilwood is the lead author of a forthcoming study that argues, based on the bone tools and other recent discoveries, that "behavioral modernity" first evolved in Africa and has a much longer history than most archaeologists believe.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2001/11/1108_bonetool.html (561 words)

	the Living Africa: national parks - intro
		African countries have generally been aware of this threat to their wildlife.
		Governments have established National Parks and Protected Reserves in almost every country to conserve the tremendous animal wealth the continent possesses.
		We have provided a spotlight on one of the most famous National Parks in the continent - Serengeti National Park in Tanzania.
	library.thinkquest.org /16645/national_parks/national_parks.shtml (249 words)

	ei: African National Congress: An Inspiration for Palestinians
		African kingdoms fought the Dutch (Boer) and British white settlers over land and cattle for over 230 years.
		Africans broke the pass laws and Indian, Coloured and White "volunteers" entered African townships without permission.
		From 1960 - nearly 50 years after the formation of the ANC - until its integration into the South African National Defence Force in 1994, armed resistance was the second pillar of the ANC's liberation struggle.
	electronicintifada.net /v2/article4617.shtml (1776 words)

	South African National Parks
		With more than 20 National Parks in South Africa, including two of the world's most renowned wildlife reserves, the Kruger Park and the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, your venture to any of the South African National Parks will transfer you into another world.
		The South African National Parks Board has introduced a daily conservation fee applicable to all parks.
		Madikwe is regarded as one of the finest conservation areas in Africa, offering all the major species, including lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, both white and fl rhino along with almost all the plains antelope species.
	www.places.co.za /html/south_african_national_parks.html (902 words)

	African Savanna - National Zoo\| FONZ
		The National Zoo recently said goodbye to the first litter of cheetahs ever born at the National Zoo—on November 23, 2004.
		The five cheetah cubs born at the National Zoo on April 14, 2005, are now a year old.
		The East African savanna, a dry tropical grassland, is home to a rich array of spectacular animals.
	nationalzoo.si.edu /Animals/AfricanSavanna (824 words)

	Tanzania National Parks - African Encounters
		The parks are operated and managed by TANAPA (Tanzanian National Parks Association) with the help of many international organisations.
		The Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Conservation Area have been granted World Heritage Status, which shows their dedication to their wildlife.
		Rhino and elephant numbers in the country are still relatively low, but steadily on the increase.
	www.africanencounters.com /Tanzania/national_parks.htm (124 words)

	USCCB - Secretariat for African American Catholics
		The first African National Eucharistic Congress will be held September 2 - 3, 2006 at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Heart and The Catholic University of America in Washington, DC.
		The Secretariat for African American Catholics is the official voice of the African American Catholic community.
		It aims to articulate the socio-cultural dimension of the African American Catholic community and identify or create resources that would allow for an authentic integration of the richness of the African American Catholic culture and the Catholic Church in the United States.
	www.usccb.org /saac (309 words)

	Celebrate African American History Month 2006--A National Register of Historic Places Feature
		The National Register of Historic Places is pleased to promote awareness of and appreciation for the historical accomplishments of African Americans during African American History Month.
		The National Park Service is implementing a national Underground Railroad initiative to coordinate preservation and education efforts nationwide and integrate local historical places, museums, and interpretive programs associated with the Underground Railroad into a mosaic of community, regional, and national stories.
		This on-line book (available as a large pdf) tells the story of Africans of the settlement of Jamestown, Virginia, from their point of arrival in the colony and ends with the establishment of a free fl community.
	www.cr.nps.gov /NR/feature/afam (1323 words)

	Nationals.org.za - Southern African National Debating Championships 2004, University of Cape Town, '9th Debating ...
		These beautiful residences are both national monuments and command a stunning view over Cape Town.
		All round debates and the quarterfinals were held in the Robert Leslie Social Science, Arts, Menzies and Beattie buildings, while the semifinals were held in the Wilfred and Jules Kramer Law Building.
		The inaugural National Universities Debating Championships was hosted by the University of Stellenbosch in 1996 and in the intervening years has become recognized as the premier debating event on the African continent and is ranked amongst the world's foremost debating competitions.
	www.nationals.org.za (503 words)

	African National Resource Centers - Title VI, U.S. Department of Education
		Title VI Africa National Resource Centers, funded by the U.S. Department of Education.
		Center for African Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
		FLAS fellowships for the study of African languages are offered by all of the above plus the following:
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/ssrg/africa/african-national-resource-centers.html (81 words)

	South African National Wetland Inventory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The project is being coordinated by the South African Wetlands Conservation Programme, a component of the DEAT, and will assist in fulfilling South Africa's obligations to the Convention on Wetlands and Convention on Biodiversity.
		This was accomplished by modifying for South African use the classification system successfully used by the United States National Wetland Inventory for almost twenty years, known as the Cowardin system.
		The use of such a system will aid decision-making for conservation and management, facilitate mapping, and provide a means to standardise and define terms used to describe various wetland types.
	www.nbii.gov /metadata/mdata/htmlfiles/tax_d_safricanwi.html (532 words)

	South Africa National Parks - SANParks - Official Website - Accommodation, Activities, Prices, Reservations
		This site hosts details of South African National Parks, their camps and wildlife and community relations.
		The whiplash sound of falling trees were often heard, as lone bulls and smaller groups of bulls on their destructive path, uprooted giant trees...
		Bontebok National Park is temporarily closed due to heavy rains in the Swellendam area over the last two days and the resultant widespread floods.
	www.sanparks.org (454 words)

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		In the week that Iran responded to a proposal from the five permanent members of the Security Council and Germany regarding its nuclear programme, the 9th Joint Bilateral Commission between South Africa and Iran reiterated the inalienable right of all signatories to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.
		Speaking at the 4th Annual Nelson Mandela lecture, President Thabo Mbeki says the pursuit of personal wealth should not be the defining characteristic of the new South African citizen.
		The African National Congress or any affiliated person, organisation or other related entity accepts no responsibility for any application, use or interpretation of the information contained on this server and disclaims all liability for direct, indirect or consequential damages or loss resulting from the use of this service.
	www.anc.org.za (391 words)

	Oxford University Press: About the African American National Biography
		The African American National Biography (AANB) will be the largest narrative collection of fl lives ever assembled in our nation’s history by almost tenfold.
		It is important to include this group because a disproportionate number of African Americans who have made significant historical contributions did so in the twentieth century and more specifically in the latter half of the twentieth century.
		Upholding the editorial and academic standards set by the American National Biography, AANB entries, ranging in length from 900 to 3000 words, will be signed by their authors and will include bibliographic notes and citations.
	www.us.oup.com /us/brochure/019516024X/aanb/?view=usa (429 words)

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