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Topic: African Penguin

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Spheniscidae

Humboldt Penguin

Penguin

Chinstrap Penguin

Emperor Penguin

Little Penguin

Penguin Island

Binomial name

Africa

Albino

Burlington County, New Jersey

Port Elizabeth

Arable land

Pahang

New Zealand birds

	Lowry Park Zoo African Penguin Exhibit
		The penguins didn't "march" to Tampa's Lowry Park Zoo, but they are making a big splash in their new year-round outdoor exhibit near the entrance to Safari Africa.
		The zoo's newest residents are African penguins, endemic to mainly offshore islands and a few mainland sites on South Africa's coast.
		The new penguin exhibit, known as Penguin Beach, features a white sand beach, a large pool for swimming and play, a gift shop and night house designed to look like colorful beach front properties and cabanas around Cape Town, and traditional vegetation including flowering African plants and palm trees.
	www.lowryparkzoo.com /penguins/index_nobrick.html (327 words)

	African Penguin Printout- EnchantedLearning.com
		Penguins are birds that cannot fly, but penguins swim very well and spend most of their lives in the sea.
		Penguins are countershaded; they have a lighter color on the belly and a darker color on their back; this coloration helps camouflage them when they are in the water, hiding them from predators.
		Populations: African penguin populations are declining rapidly due to many factors, including: reduction of their food supply (by overfishing), pollution (from oil tankers), egg harvesting by people, disease, and guano (bird droppings) removal from their nesting grounds for use as a fertilizer.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/birds/printouts/Africanpenguin.shtml (416 words)

	African Penguin
		African penguins are similar to Humboldt Penguins, the main differences are that the Humboldt penguins are heavier, have proportionately longer flippers and a narrower white band on the head.
		African penguins also face predation of eggs and chicks by avian predators such as Kelp Gulls and Sacred Ibises, while natural terrestrial predators, such as mongoose, genets and leopard are present at the mainland colonies.
		One of the ways in which African penguins have adapted to terrestrial life in the temperate zone is to confine their activities at breeding sites largely to dawn and dusk periods.
	www.sanccob.co.za /african_penguin.htm (1557 words)

	African Penguins
		African Penguins have a broad fl band that runs in an inverted horseshoe shape around their fronts.
		African Penguins are similar to Humboldt Penguins, the main differences are that the Humboldt penguins are slightly larger and heavier, have proportionately longer flippers and a narrower white band on the head.
		African penguins breed on the coast of South Africa and Namibia and on off shore islands.
	www.adelie.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /species_notes/bf.htm (328 words)

	African Penguin Printout- EnchantedLearning.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Penguins are birds that cannot fly, but penguins swim very well and spend most of their lives in the sea.
		Penguins are countershaded; they have a lighter color on the belly and a darker color on their back; this coloration helps camouflage them when they are in the water, hiding them from predators.
		Populations: African penguin populations are declining rapidly due to many factors, including: reduction of their food supply (by overfishing), pollution (from oil tankers), egg harvesting by people, disease, and guano (bird droppings) removal from their nesting grounds for use as a fertilizer.
	g.msn.com /9SE/1?http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/birds/printouts/Jackasspenguin.shtml&&DI=6244&IG=28a68f6a21d3482f98879461976109ca&POS=2&CM=WPU&CE=2&CS=AWP&SR=2 (426 words)

	New England Aquarium Penguin Colony (Site not responding. Last check: )
		African penguins have been on exhibit at the New England Aquarium since we opened in 1969.
		African penguins are also called "jackass" penguins because they make sounds that sound like a donkey braying.
		African penguins are considered to be vulnerable in the wild, according the IUCN (World Conservation Union).
	www.neaq.org /penguins/africans.html (157 words)

	Jackass penguin - Spheniscus dermersus (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The jackass penguin (also called the African penguin or Blackfooted penguin) is a flightless seabird, and it is found nowhere in the world except off the coast of southern Africa.
		Penguins lost their ability to fly millions of years ago; they "fly" underwater by using the same motions that other birds use to soar through air.
		Jackass Penguins are among the least studied and are now classed as endangered: their numbers have been depleted by commercial egg and guano collectors and by the overfishing of anchovies and pilchards.
	www.encounter.co.za /article/101.html (646 words)

	African Penguins - Wildlife of Antarctica - Antarctic Connection (Site not responding. Last check: )
		African penguins are one of the least studied of all penguin species.
		African penguin populations have suffered during the last three decades due to oil spills and loss of habitat.
		African penguins have a unique ecology in that, as their name implies, they are entirely removed from all other penguin populations.
	www.antarcticconnection.com /antarctic/wildlife/penguins/african.shtml (458 words)

	New England Aquarium Penguin Colony (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The African penguin is one of 4 species of the genus Spheniscus.
		African penguins were the first penguin species known to Europeans.
		The African penguin is considered to have the most elaborate courtship rituals of any other penguin species.
	www.neaq.org /penguins/african.html (210 words)

	The African Penguin Simons Town
		Penguins are flightless, aquatic birds, which live in the southern oceans in climates as varied as Antarctica and the Galapagos Islands on the equator.
		The closest relatives of the African penguin are, in fact, the Humboldt and Magellanic penguins of South America and the Galapagos penguins of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador.
		Although the African penguins are quaintly clumsy on land, and ungraceful emerging from the water, in the sea they are extremely skilful swimmers, reputedly reaching speeds of 24 kilometres (15 miles) per hour.
	www.simonstown.com /tourism/penguins/penguins.htm (1861 words)

	African Penguins (Site not responding. Last check: )
		African penguins have a broad band of fl that is in the shape of an upside-down horseshoe on their fronts.
		African penguins live and breed on the coast of South Africa and on the off shore islands.
		The African penguin is a protected species, but their habitats continue to be damaged by oil spills from tankers off the Southern coast of Africa.
	www.siec.k12.in.us /~west/proj/penguins/africanpen.html (319 words)

	African penguin
		African penguins keep the same partner for life, often returning to not only the same nest island, but also the very same nest.
		Conservation news: African penguins breed on the coasts of South Africa and Namibia and offshore islands, with a total breeding population of around 90,000 pairs.
		The African penguin is declining rapidly in the wild due to a number of factors.
	www.bristolzoo.org.uk /learning/animals/birds/gentoo-penguin (702 words)

	Penguins at SANCCOB - Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds
		Penguins at SANCCOB - Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds
		The Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) received over 400 orphaned African penguin chicks from Cape Nature’s Dyer Island at the end of October.
		SANCCOB is a non-profit sea bird rehabilitation centre based in Cape Town, South Africa.
	www.sanccob.co.za (157 words)

	Penguins: African Penguins - Spheniscus demersus
		African Penguins are fl above and white below, with a fl chin and face patch separated from the crown by a broad white band.
		The African Penguin is classified as Vulnerable in the South African Red Data Book for birds, is considered Vulnerable in terms of the IUCN threatened species categories, and is listed in Appendix II of CITES and the Bonn Convention for the conservation of migratory species.
		African Penguins feed primarily on shoaling pelagic fish such as anchovies, pilchards (sardines), horse mackerel and round herrings, supplemented by squid and crustaceans.
	www.penguins.cl /african-penguins.htm (1676 words)

	Fort Wayne Children's Zoo - African Black-Footed Penguin
		The fl-footed penguin, also know as the jackass penguin, lives in colonies on 24 islands between Namibia and Port Elizabeth, Africa.
		African penguins live in warm climates where the land and water temperature stays relatively constant (approx.
		The penguin has a broad fl band about 2.5cm (1 inch) in width that runs in an inverted horseshoe shape on its chest.
	www.kidszoo.org /animals/BlackfootedPenguin.htm (215 words)

	Mapping African penguins
		Every South African penguin carries a unique pattern of fl spots on its chest that does not change from season to season during its adult life.
		The South African Penguins project is working on the development of a real-time system that can confidently identify African penguins whose chests are visible in video sequence and extract the spot pattern.
		The Earthwatch South African Penguin project has now broadened to include the gathering of data on the long term productivity of African penguins (and other sea birds) on Robben Island and the comparison of population trends with the level of fish stocks, the climate and other environmental variables.
	www.scienceinafrica.co.za /2005/march/penguins.htm (676 words)

	African penguin
		African penguins have been recorded diving to depths of 120 m and can hold their breath for 2 1/2 minutes underwater.
		Conservation news: The African penguin is declining rapidly in the wild due to a number of factors.
		The commercial removal of the surface crust of guano (old, dried penguin droppings) for fertilizer, has forced many of these birds to nest in the open where they are more vulnerable to predatory gulls.
	www.bristolzoo.org.uk /learning/animals/birds/african-penguin (499 words)

	Brief Species Notes
		Royal penguins are sometimes regarded as a sub-species of Macaroni penguins with a white throat.
		Rockhopper penguins are perhaps the commonest of the crested penguins.
		African (or Blackfooted, or Jackass) penguins are found around the southern coast of South Africa.
	www.adelie.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /species_notes/PENGNOTE.htm (875 words)

	African Penguin
		Penguin numbers have therefore decreased by at least 90% in 60 years, and this fall is continuing.
		Penguins breeding on the mainland are vulnerable to mainland predators not found on islands, such as leopards, genets and domestic dogs and cats, and also to human disturbance unless the colonies are adequately fenced and patrolled.
		One oiled penguin which was rescued, cleaned and released on Robben Island in August 1971, travelled 800 km to Port Elizabeth within a month.
	sacoast.uwc.ac.za /education/resources/envirofacts/africanpenguin/africanpenguin.htm (703 words)

	Spheniscus demersus, African Penguin at MarineBio.org (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Penguins are "waterproof" because of the small muscles found at the base of their feathers used to bind the feathers tightly to the body and because their feathers are waterproofed by a waxy substance.
		Penguins that are not breeding typically spend the entire day in the ocean or, they stay on the beach in large groups and swim frequently to stay cool.
		The African penguin, Spheniscus demersus, is found on the coast and islands of southern Africa and Namibia.
	g.msn.com /9SE/1?http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=646&&DI=6244&IG=28a68f6a21d3482f98879461976109ca&POS=4&CM=WPU&CE=4&CS=AWP&SR=4 (1142 words)

	BBC - Science & Nature - Wildfacts - African penguin, jackass penguin, cape penguin, black-footed penguin
		African penguin, jackass penguin, cape penguin, fl-footed penguin
		African penguins are found around the South African coast.
		African penguins mainly feed on fish, but they will also eat squid and crustaceans.
	www.bbc.co.uk /nature/wildfacts/factfiles/162.shtml (220 words)

	African Penguins: WhoZoo
		The African penguin is 20 inches tall and weighs 6-7 lb..
		Penguins are warm blooded and can swim in waters half their body temperature (which would be the equivalent of you or me swimming in 48 degree water).
		Most of the penguins at the Fort Worth Zoo were donated by the San Antonio Zoo when their penguin exhibit was closed.
	www.whozoo.org /students/anngon/penguins.htm (295 words)

	Roosevelt Park Zoo \| African Penguin (Site not responding. Last check: )
		African penguins inhabit the coastal islands off southern and southwestern Africa.
		African penguins have a fl back and wings/flippers with a white front.
		African pengiuns' diet at the zoo is the same as in the wild: fish.
	www.rpzoo.com /animals/africanpenguin.html (119 words)

	Archived conservation news articles on African Penguin
		It was further argued that the African penguin and Cape gannet were among the most vulnerable bird species.
		The African penguin is classified as "vulnerable to extinction".
		Sanccob, an African penguin whose name is an acronym for the South African National Foundation for Conservation of Coastal Birds, was visiting the school...
	conservation.mongabay.com /news/African_Penguin.htm (589 words)

	Animal Tracks
		African penguins live almost exclusively on 24 islands off the coast of South Africa and Namibia - except for a few mainland locations that have been newly colonised in recent years.
		African penguins heading back to the water for the first time after the MV Treasure oil spill threatened to devastate their populations on Dassen and Robben Islands.
		An African penguin swims in a pool during a test to determine whether its feathers are sufficiently waterproof, before being released back to the open water after the June 2000 oil spill.
	www.exn.ca /AnimalTracks/Penguins/Gallery.cfm (383 words)

	African Penguin Facts (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Of the 1.5 million African Penguin population estimated in 1910, only some 10% remained at the end of the 20th century.
		The uncontrolled harvesting of penguin eggs (as a source of food), and guano scraping, nearly drove the species to extinction.
		Since several species of South American penguins produce the same sound, the local birds have been renamed African Penguins, as they are the only example of the species that breed in Africa.
	www.questconnect.org /african_penguin_facts.htm (283 words)

	Six Flags Marine World : Penguin
		The new Penguin Passage is home to a colony of African penguins, also known as warm-weathered penguins.
		The African penguin is the most common of the 17 species of penguins.
		A penguin’s body is torpedo shaped and streamlined for moving at speeds up to 20 miles per hour as their small, flat wings work like paddles, driven by powerful flight muscles that help the birds propel through the water.
	www.sixflags.com /parks/marineworld/ocean/penguin.html (177 words)

	Magellanic Penguins - Wildlife of Antarctica - Antarctic Connection (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Magellanic penguin is the largest of the temperate climate penguins (genus Spheniscus), which include: the Humboldt, the Galapagos, and the African penguins.
		Magellanic penguins inhabit the cold temperate waters and subantarctic regions of coastal Chile and Argentina.
		Magellanic penguin populations are considered to be stable, however, they do face threats from oil spills, overfishing of their food supply, and fishing net entanglement.
	www.antarcticconnection.com /antarctic/wildlife/penguins/magellanic.shtml (547 words)

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