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	African Religions - ninemsn Encarta
		African religions may be counted in their thousands and interact closely with two of the so-called world religions, Christianity and Islam.
		Groups concerned with developing an African form of Christianity are the Aladura, or praying, churches of Nigeria; the Spiritist churches of Ghana; the Lenshina Church of Zambia; the Kimbanguist Church of the Democratic Republic of the Congo; and the Ethiopian and Zionist churches of southern Africa.
		Generally in western African religions, it is believed that before birth the pre-existing soul of the person to be born speaks in the presence of the Supreme Being about the course that his or her life will take.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_781538529/African_religions.html (1829 words)

	African religions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		African religions are distinct to African ethnic groups.
		In certain respects the term is awkward as traditional African religions have a wide cultural variety that makes virtually any overall statement a sweeping generalization, but the majority of African religions do share some commonalities.
		Syncretic religions based on African religions include Voodoo, Santeria, Candomble, Umbanda, Macumba, Quimbanda, Abacua, Palo Mayombe, Palo Monte, etc. In the Americas African derived religions are generally derived from the traditional religions of West Africa and the Congo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/African_religions (712 words)

	Exploring Africa -> Students-> Religion in Africa-> Indigenous Religions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		African religions are often closely associated with African peoples' concepts of ethnic identity, language and culture.
		African religions do not worship rocks, trees, the sky or rivers, as is the case in animism.
		Indeed, like "western" medicine, African healing is based on close observation of the patient and his or her disease and on the use of remedies-medicines-that have a track record for successfully treating a particular ailment.
	exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu /curriculum/lm14/stu_acttwo14.html (3883 words)

	Religions of the World -- African
		African and African-Derivative Religions are a large group of beliefs and practices based upon ancient indigenous faiths of sub-Saharan African peoples.
		The evolution of African spirituality in the Americas occurred mainly in the Caribbean Islands and in Brazil, and to a perhaps lesser extent in Mexico.
		For the most part African spiritual traditions in the Americas derived from two or three major cultures in ancestral Africa, the Yoruba culture of Nigeria, Benin and neighboring areas being perhaps of greatest influence.
	members.aol.com /porchfour/religion/african.htm (819 words)

	Major Religions Ranked by Size
		From an academic, comparative religions viewpoint, there is no basis for "prescribing" whether it is better for a religion to be highly unified, cohesive, monolithic, and lacking in internal religious diversity, or whether it is better to be fragmented, schismatic, diverse, multifaceted and abounding in variations on the same theme.
		As is true with all major religions, there are adherents within all branches of Islam who consider some of or all of the other branches heterodox or not actually part of their religion.
		African Diasporic Religions are those which have arisen, typically in the Western hemisphere, among Africans who retained much of their traditional culture and beliefs but adapted to new environments.
	www.adherents.com /Religions_By_Adherents.html (11821 words)

	An Introduction to African Traditional Religions
		Until recently, this treatment of African religions in the Western intellectual tradition has made it impossible for African traditional religion to speak for itself except in terms of 19th-century evolutionism or the Western anthropological theories of primitive religions and cultures.
		Because Africans believe that life is a complex web of relationships that may either enhance and preserve life or diminish and destroy it, the goal of religion is to maintain those relationships that protect and preserve life.
		The various elements of African religion that make what I call the transcendental structure of African religion are expressed differently by the various African peoples on the basis of their social organization and environment.
	www.africawithin.com /religion/intr_to_atr.htm (678 words)

	Conversion
		The concept of conversion is as relevant to African indigenous religions as it is to many other religions of humankind.
		In his study of conversion of Africans from traditional religion to Islam and Christianity, he had noted that people could pass through the stage of "adhesion' during which they stood "with one foot on either side of the fence adopting their new worship as useful supplements" to the old.
		The astonishing stories of phenomenal achievements of the missionary religions and of heroic lives of faith by numerous converts to Christianity or Islam ought to be taken together with the constant complaints against shallowness of faith, nominal membership, syncretic practices among a large segment of the population of new converts.
	afgen.com /conversion.html (4871 words)

	African religions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		African religions are practiced by African ethnic groups.
		Some of these religions have been syncretized with Folk Catholicism in the Western Hemisphere.
		These religions need a god and the god usually has a totem.
	www.montclair.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/African_religions (160 words)

	Understanding and Preserving African Religion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Religions have always been a topic of interest for me, because I believe that religion is the base for many cultures.
		Many African religions, like voodoo, have been ridiculed by churches, of European origin, simply because people won’t take their time to understand the different rituals that they came across.
		As I mentioned before, religion is the base for many cultures; therefore, if we wish to learn and understand Africa (in all aspects: social, economical and political) we must look closer at their religions.
	web.cocc.edu /cagatucci/discussions/_discfinal/0000002f.htm (895 words)

	Pope's Apology to Africans
		African religions had their biggest boost two years ago when Pope John Paul II, on a visit to Benin, apologized for centuries of ridiculing African cultural beliefs by the Western world.
		In other words, the simple fact that Africans have largely reduced religious thought and practice to everyday practice, that African religions seek to link the supernatural with the natural and the mundane, continues to baffle the Western world.
		African belief in spirits and juju is just like taking the universal belief in the supernatural to the next logical step.
	www.mamiwata.com /pope.html (1498 words)

	«Conversion» in African Traditional Religion
		It is pertinent also to point out that by African traditional religions in this paper, we refer specifically to indigenous religious forms and systems which the different peoples of sub-Saharan Africa cultivated as part of their total experience of life within their particular ecological environment, society and history.
		The rate of conversion of millions of former adherents of African indigenous religions to one or other of the missionary religions now available in Africa is nothing short of a revolution.
		Particularly in Africa, with the tremendous resilience and adaptability of the indigenous religions, the persistence of vital beliefs among many converts to Christianity or Islam, it is extremely difficult to be categorical about the state of religious conversion of the majority of people.
	www.afrikaworld.net /afrel/conversion.htm (5062 words)

	aaronc - african religions
		In the last hundred years Christian missions have spread to most African countries in the tropical and South of the Sahara, in the savannah regions and in the dense tropical forests, old traditional religious beliefs survive.
		A vast majority of Africans south of the Sahara are Negroes, and they generally have a belief in a supreme being, though their conception of his role in daily life differs according to localities.
		Africans believe in many other spiritual beings, roughly divisible into nature spirits and ancestors, some of them having both human and natural origins.
	jpdawson.com /modrelg/relafri.html (1032 words)

	African Traditional Religion
		Voodoo, Santeria and other religions with African roots are drawing followers in the United States among immigrants and fl Americans interested in their ancestry, their leaders say.
		After all, the indigenous religions of Africa do not fall within the category of religions generally referred to as universal or missionary religions.
		African beliefs are now given due recognition by Pope John Paul ll.
	afgen.com /religion.html (697 words)

	African Traditional Religions in Contemporary Society
		African traditional religion is at last being recognized by Western scholars and theologians as central to authentic fl African cultures.
		The contributors are scholars from several disciplines (anthropology, sociology, history of religions, theology, literature and the arts); yet, in analysis and interpretation of their data, they all take transcendence and the sacred in African thought very seriously.
		The newness of this approach is in treating African traditional religion not as a fossil but rather as one of the most important building blocks of modern African life.
	www.paragonhouse.com /item_0892260793.htm (445 words)

	African Religion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The presence of these spirits in the African society offers a serious challenge to the behavior patterns of the people on the continent and elsewhere because traditional religious practices permeate every aspect of life on the continent.
		In African traditional Religion, God is seen as the author of life, the maker of everything.
		It is common to see some of these symbols on the walls of the shrines or in the clothes worn by the traditional priests and other people who wish to express their mood through any of these symbols.
	www2.ncsu.edu /ncsu/aern/afridan.html (510 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The religions that are still practiced give a definitive view of the way religions were practiced in the old days.
		The religious leaders in many of Africa's religions have tried, sometimes in vain, to preserve the society from foreigners encroaching upon their lands and customs.
		The rituals practiced in many traditional African societies are all connected by the belief of being stepping stones to the ultimate goal of death and the afterlife.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/1699/African.html (378 words)

	African Origins of the Major "Western Religions"
		We believed as did Karl Marx that "religion was an opiate of the people" designed to anesthetize the minds of the many and line the pockets of the unscrupulous few.
		We preached that the so-called major western religions were white folk’s religions and offered the historically incorrect but universally accepted blond-haired, blue-eyed representation of Jesus Christ as proof that our enemy had become our deity.
		Ben says the death of St Augustine in 430 C.E. was the major event in Christendom’s history which started the decline of power and control by the North African Church (the "Mother Church") In this chapter he discusses the influence St. Augustine and other indigenous Africans had on the development of the early Christian Church.
	www.africawithin.com /jochannan/african_origins.htm (719 words)

	African religions: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		African religions are practiced by African Africa quick summary:
		Animism is the belief that personalized supernatural beings (or souls) inhabit all objects and govern their existence....
		Syncretism is the attempt to reconcile disparate, even opposing, beliefs and to meld practices of various schools of thought....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/af/african_religions.htm (200 words)

	African Religions
		The aim of the course is to de-mystify African religion without divesting it of its cultural uniqueness and richness.
		be conversant with African traditions in the New World, their cultural histories and social contexts, as well as their impact on the identity of peoples of the African Diaspora, with special attention to New Orleans and Haitian vodun, Cuban Santeria, and Brazilian Candomble.
		In all cases, the worship of the African Orishas are venerated in the person of Catholic saints (Jones: 1997: 23-24).
	www.ncsu.edu /chass/mds/AfrRelSyl.htm (1996 words)

	WorldViews: Belief Systems in Africa
		To him, religion is not just a set of beliefs but a way of life, the basis of culture, identity and moral values.
		African countries in which one belief system is estimated to have the allegiance of 50 percent or more of the population.
		Kenyan theologian John Mbiti's African Religions and Philosophy (Mbiti 1990) is acknowledged to be the standard work in the field of systematic studies of traditional African religious and philosophical concepts.
	worldviews.igc.org /awpguide/relig.html (1653 words)

	Booklist: The Encyclopedia of African and African American Religions.
		This second volume in the Routledge Religion and Society series (The Encyclopedia of Millennialism and Millennial Movements was published last year [RBB D 1 00]) treats religious movements, churches, and the place of religion in African and African American societies.
		Given some of the assumptions and misinterpretations of the past study of African societies, a lengthy essay entitled “Anthropology of Religion in Africa: A Critique and Model” is appended as a cautionary note.
		Of particular value in the title under review are the theoretical articles on concepts and religious practices central to understanding African and African American religions, as are the surveys of religion in regions or nations.
	oldweb.ala.org /booklist/v97/rbb/my1/45african.html (451 words)

	African-Based Religions
		An introduction to Yoruba-Ifa religion by an African-American Babalawo and Priest of Ogun.
		According to their webpage, this house exists to serve the lwa of African Ginea in an authentic fashion, adhering to the strictest orthodoxy in our practice of the Vodou religion thereby maintaining it in its traditional form as it has been handed down to us from West Africa, through Haiti, and into the Diaspora.
		Dedicated to establishing the unification and reconciliation of religions of the African Diaspora.
	sparta.rice.edu /~maryc/AfroCuban.html (2235 words)

	Santeria, Macumba, Abacua, Candomble, Palo Mayombe, Umbanda, Voodoo-Hoodoo, Condemnations, Egyptian religion, Art ...
		In Nigeria, the Ju-Ju tribe of the Yoruba culture has a religion with 600 gods who are demons, because the "false gods" are "demons" (Psa.96:5).
		It is the religion of the "serpent", the supreme god-devil, "Dambalah"...
		Is the religion of an afterlife, with the pyramids of the gods-pharaohs, and the tombs of the mummified bulls...
	religion-cults.com /Ancient/Africa/Africa1.htm (1318 words)

	African Religions, Ethiopia
		They do not consider themselves fls because their Central African neighbors are much darker.
		Sheba is dark for the Hebrews, not for the Oromo.
		Paid policeman or soldier, they are in the field of special authority (a "man with the gun," but a part of the big machine = state of power) and we PAID them to have firm control over them.
	www.angelfire.com /ak/sellassie/page19.html (2660 words)

	WEBSITE EVALUATION
		The rich cultural tapestry of African religion spread to all parts of the New World, including the Caribbean basin.
		Vodun, by contrast, is the primary religion of the island and has roots in several other Caribbean nations such as Benin and the Dominican Republic.
		The humanism commonly found in African religious and cultural traditions is especially strong in the Caribbean, where slavery has dehumanized fls for several centuries.
	dickinsg.intrasun.tcnj.edu /diaspora/caribe.html (1005 words)

	African religions - All About All (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In certain respects the term is an awkward one as traditional African religions have a wide cultural variety that makes virtually any overall statement problematic, if not outright false.
		Still the majority of African religions do share some commonalities.
		However it is generally fair to say nothing is universal in African religions so take some of these generalizations with caution.
	www.answers-zone.com /article/African_religions (634 words)

	African Religions \| African Spirituality \| Religions in Africa \| Questia.com Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Explorations in African Systems of Thought ("Revitalization and the Genesis of Cults in Pragmatic Religion" p.
		...the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London...Hansen is Senior Lecturer in Religions, at the University of Copenhagen...and moral action.
		En route to "African Religions," I came across several references...completely to have displaced older religions, which survived only in a...
	www.questia.com /library/religion/other-practices/african-religions.jsp (593 words)

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