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Topic: Afterburner (engine)

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	Howstuffworks "How does an afterburner work?"
		The idea behind an afterburner is to inject fuel directly into the exhaust stream and burn it using this remaining oxygen.
		An afterburner is nothing but a set of fuel injectors, a tube and flame holder that the fuel burns in, and an adjustable nozzle.
		The disadvantage of an afterburner is that it uses a lot of fuel for the power it generates.
	science.howstuffworks.com /question374.htm (452 words)

	Reheat @ iCookClub.com
		Afterburning is extravagant on fuel and inefficient but this is acceptable for the short periods in which reheat is usually used.
		A jet engine afterburner is an extended exhaust section containing extra fuel injectors, and since the jet engine upstream (i.e., before the turbine) will use little of the oxygen it ingests, the afterburner is, at its simplest, a type of ramjet.
		Afterburner efficiency also declines significantly if, as is usually the case, the tailpipe pressure decreases with increasing altitude.
	reference.icookclub.com /reheat.html (567 words)

	cars - Jet engine
		The engine generates thrust because of the acceleration of the air through it—the equal and opposite force this acceleration produces is thrust.
		However, by approximately the late 1930s, engineers were beginning to realize that conceptually the piston engine was self-limiting in terms of the maximum performance which could be obtained from it; the limit was essentially one of propeller efficiency, which seemed to peak as blade tips approached supersonic radial velocity.
		The key to the useful jet engine was the gas turbine, used to extract energy to drive the compressor from the engine itself.
	www.carluvers.com /cars/Jet_engine (4723 words)

	Engine Glossary - UEET
		afterburner - The afterburner is a second chamber which afterburing (or reheat) is a method of augmenting the basic thrust of an engine to improve the aircraft takeoff, climb and (for military aircraft) combat performance.
		Afterburning consists of the introduction and burning of raw fuel between the engine turbine and the jet pipe propelling nozzle, utilizing the unburned oxygen in the exhaust gas to support combustion.
		The nozzle is the exhaust duct of the engine.
	www.ueet.nasa.gov /glossaries/EngineGossary.html (2031 words)

	GE - Aviation: Engine Education
		Afterburners are used on turbojet engines to increase thrust for short periods of time during takeoff, climb and supersonic flight.
		The core engine module is aft of the fan module and forward of the turbine stator case and is made up of three components: compressor rotor and stator, combustion liner and Stage 1 HPT nozzle.
		The LPT module is the in the rear of the engine, aft of the HPT stator case.
	www.geae.com /education/vocabulary.html (2005 words)

	Gas-Turbine Jet Engine: Afterburner
		It's also worth noting that afterburners are incredibly fuel-hungry.
		Here is the afterburner running with the engine at about 1/4 throttle -- the flame is quite orange because the volume and velocity of the air coming out the tailpipe is relatively small.
		I found it interesting that hitting the afterburner at all revs obviously increases the back-pressure on the exhaust turbine because the revs decline slightly.
	www.aardvark.co.nz /pjet/turbine3.htm (436 words)

	TBCC Simulator 1.0a beta
		Engine sizing is doen on the particular type of engine (turbine, afterburner, or ramjet) that you select.
		The thrust to weight ratio of the engine is displayed in the numerical output and is a measure of the efficiency of the engine.
		The total engine performance is always displayed at the lower right and includes the engine net thrust, the fuel flow rate, the engine air flow rate, and the specific fuel consumption.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/BGH/tbcc.html (1867 words)

	Hill Aerospace Museum Education Programs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The engine's thrust is therefore generated by a combination of the propeller's thrust and the jet exhaust from the engine.
		The engine is basically a specially-shaped duct open at both ends, with the air necessary for combustion being compressed by the forward motion of the engine.
		Reciprocating engines, or "piston" engines, are internal combustion engines that depend on moving pistons to turn a shaft with a propeller mounted on it to generate the thrust to propell the aircraft.
	www.hill.af.mil /museum/info/engines.htm (987 words)

	Engines for the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon
		This signal commanded the angle of the variable stator blades in the engine to be altered to avoid a stall, while the fuel flow to the engine was momentarily reduced and the afterburner exhaust was increased in area to reduce the magnitude of any pressure pulse in the afterburner.
		Engine shaft speed, turbine temperature, and the angle of the compressor stator blades are continuously monitored by a digital electronic engine control unit which fine-tunes the engine throughout flight to ensure optimal performance.
		Engines fitted with the proximate splitter were tested in the F-15, but this feature was not introduced on the F-15 production line, since the loss of a single engine was less hazardous in a twin-engined aircraft like the Eagle.
	home.att.net /~jbaugher4/f16_6.html (1970 words)

	Aerospaceweb.org \| Ask Us - Jet Engine Types
		The term "jet engine" is often used as a generic name for a variety of engines, including the turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, and ramjet.
		All jet engines operate by forcing incoming air into a tube where the air is compressed, mixed with fuel, burned, and exhausted at high speed to generate thrust.
		An afterburner is simply a long tube placed in between the turbine and the nozzle in which additional fuel is added and burned to provide a significant boost in thrust.
	www.aerospaceweb.org /question/propulsion/q0033.shtml (1494 words)

	Concorde supersonique jet / Engineering / Features
		The conception of a jet engine is a perpetual compromise between thrust and drag.
		The blades of the compressor of a jet engine serve, as the name indicates, to compress the air before mixing it with the kerosene in the combustion chamber.
		The aim of post-combustion is to reheat the exhaust gases from the engine to increases thrust by 27%.
	www.concorde-jet.com /e_moteurs.htm (1456 words)

	Junkers Jet Engine Developements
		Following an official order of the RLM for a jet engine development in July 1939 the Magdeburg development was stopped and transferred to the Otto-Mader Entwicklungswerk at Dessau on request of the RLM.
		This engine was used for extensive flight tests, which were not satisfactory due to material overload and failure of the fan blades.
		The engine has been fitted into many Soviet aircraft such as the TU-91, TU-95, TU-142 which are still flying to day and must make the Junkers Jumo 022 the world longest lived jet engine design at nearly 60 years.
	tanks45.tripod.com /Jets45/ListOfEngines/Junkers/Junkers.htm (1272 words)

	TURBOKART
		Use of the afterburner is therefore limited to takeoff and supersonic acceleration.
		Engine control, as well as control of the intake ramps and the exhaust nozzles is via computer control.
		Engine accessories are driven off of the two accessory gearboxes, which are driven off of the high pressure spool, and are mounted on the underside of the engine.
	www.turbokart.com /about_olympus.htm (1008 words)

	General Electric J85 Information
		The General Electric J85 is a small single-shaft turbojet engine, capable of generating up to 2950 lbf (18 kN) of dry thrust or more, with an afterburner.
		The engine is also used on civilian bizjets such as the Lear Jet 23 and the Hamburger Flugzeugbau HFB-320 Hansa Jet under the designation General Electric CJ610.
		Afterburning variants can reach up to 5000 lbf (22 kN), and are used in the T-38 Talon and F-5 Freedom Fighter.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/General_Electric_J85 (245 words)

	Gas-Turbine Jet Engine: Afterburner
		Because I'm currently using a relatively low-pressure centrifugal pump to power the afterburner fuel feed, I decided to run a couple of vaporizing coils of copper tube around the tailpipe.
		Here is the afterburner running with the engine at about 1/4 throttle -- the flame is quite orange because the volume and velocity of the air coming out the tailpipe is relatively small.
		I found it interesting that hitting the afterburner at all revs obviously increases the back-pressure on the exhaust turbine because the revs decline slightly.
	aardvark.co.nz /pjet/turbine3.htm (436 words)

	Howstuffworks "How does an afterburner work?"
		The idea behind an afterburner is to inject fuel directly into the exhaust stream and burn it using this remaining oxygen.
		An afterburner is nothing but a set of fuel injectors, a tube and flame holder that the fuel burns in, and an adjustable nozzle.
		The disadvantage of an afterburner is that it uses a lot of fuel for the power it generates.
	www.howstuffworks.com /question374.htm (464 words)

	Primer
		The listed engines are not all the engine types (reciprocating, rockets, combination types, etc.,) that are used in providing propulsive thrust to aircraft, nor are they used exclusively on aircraft.
		A cross-section of the J79 turbojet with afterburner used in the F-4 Phantom II and B-58 Hustler is shown in Fig.
		In this engine, the bypass stream is mixed with the core stream before passing through a common afterburner and exhaust nozzle.
	www.aircraftenginedesign.com /custom.html4.html (2095 words)

	Klimov Plant - RD-33
		The RD-33 Turbojet Bypass Engine with afterburner was developed in 1985 to power the MiG-29 light front-line fighter.
		Besides, the engine features a high rate of the thrust increase relative to the flight speed, which is particularly important for the front-line fighters.
		Due to the engine modular design, it is possible to perform local overhaul and replace separate parts, assemblies and modules under the operating conditions.
	www.klimov.ru /en/products/military/turboprop_engines/rd-33 (214 words)

	TURBOKART
		The engine is classified as a low bypass ratio augmented turbofan engine, because its low pressure compressor feeds some of the airflow to a bypass duct, and the augmentation refers to its afterburning capability.
		The engine is fed by a variable geometry inlet duct on the Eurofighter, making it difficult for enemy radar to home in on its spinning fan blades, while tailoring the airflow for varying inlet conditions.
		When the pilot moves the power lever into the afterburning region, fuel is distributed to the afterburner fuel manifold, and the afterburner igniter is triggered, providing a marked increase in thrust along with fuel consumption.
	www.turbokart.com /about_ej200.htm (962 words)

	Code One Magazine Online: April 1987 - F100 Engine
		Every new design engineer wants to become famous, so he or she changes the name of everything just because it happens to be slightly modified.
		Since the fan duct now allows almost direct access from the afterburner to the compressor, these new engines are much more likely to stall when selecting afterburner than are the turbojets you’re used to operating.
		The engine control design incorporates an automatic throttle retard if the engine stalls, but I’ve yet to see a fighter pilot who couldn’t beat the automatic system, hands down.
	www.codeonemagazine.com /archives/1987/articles/apr_87/engine/index.html (1590 words)

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	Press release preview
		The afterburner test validates the F135’s ability to achieve the engine’s maximum power settings. The F-35 climbed to 20,000 feet and flew in maximum afterburner for six seconds with all augmentor zones lit. Pratt and Whitney is a United Technologies Corp. (NYSE:UTX) company.
		Powering the F-35’s afterburner test is one in a series of milestones the F135 has achieved. The engine recently surpassed 7,000 hours of ground testing in addition to the more than 3,600 hours accumulated during the concept demonstration phase of the F-35 program, reflecting the F135's maturity and reliability.
		Pratt and Whitney is a world leader in the design, manufacture and service of aircraft engines, space propulsion systems and industrial gas turbines. ; United Technologies, based in Hartford, Conn., is a diversified company providing high technology products and services to the global aerospace and building industries.
	www.pw.utc.com /vgn-ext-templating/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=2e35288d1c83c010VgnVCM1000000881000aRCRD&prid=dbd820402d870110VgnVCM100000c45a529f____ (352 words)

	Heat engines gain quantum afterburner TRN 030602
		The theoretical work can be applied to any engine that produces hot gases, said Marlan Scully, a professor of physics and electrical engineering at Texas A&M. Heat engines use heat to expand a gas by causing its atoms to move faster.
		The quantum afterburner follows the laws of thermodynamics, which dictate that you can't get any more energy out of a perfect heat engine, according to Scully.
		When he applied his theory to the Carnot engine, which is a mathematical representation of a perfect heat engine, it did not extract any additional energy, he said.
	www.trnmag.com /Stories/2002/030602/Heat_engines_gain_quantum_afterburner_030602.html (685 words)

	GE - Aviation: F110
		Utilizing the same core design as the F101, the F110 engine was created by adding different fan and afterburner packages to tailor engine performance to the desired aircraft application.
		The F110 engine has been the engine of choice for the F-16 since there was an engine choice for that aircraft.
		The F110 engines will be assembled through a licensing agreement with Samsung Techwin Co., LTD. GE will assemble the initial production engines, with final engine assembly of engine kits transitioning to Samsung early in the program.
	www.geae.com /engines/military/f110/index.html (300 words)

	HOME OF M.A.T.S. - The most comprehensive Grumman F-14 Reference Work - by Torsten Anft!
		The new engine has increased power and enables the Tomcat to launch from a catapult without the use of afterburners and even allows to climb away after catapult launch when one engine is lost.
		The afterburner fuel control pumps are individually operated using the hydraulic pressure produced by the combined and flight hydraulic systems.
		When the port engine is secured the left generator drops off-line at approximately 55%, however the combined side hydraulics will still operate at 3000 psi for a short period of time as the engine continues to wind down.
	www.anft.net /f-14/f14-detail-engine.htm (822 words)

	Appendix B
		Research on engine cowling and cooling, engine and propeller vibration, fuels and lubricants, carburetors, and engine installation problems was conducted in four 24-foot test cells, equipped to test engines of up to 4000 horsepower at sea level conditions.
		One of the problems that had to be overcome in the design of a supersonic tunnel to be used for engine testing was that, as the air expanded in the nozzle during acceleration to supersonic speeds, it cooled rapidly, causing condensation of the water vapor in the air.
		It was used in the development of the Pratt and Whitney RL 10 engine for the Centaur rocket and the J-2 engine, with its 200,000-pound thrust, for the second stage of the Saturn V rocket.
	history.nasa.gov /SP-4306/app-b.htm (5415 words)

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