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Topic: Agarics

	Agaricales - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Agarics (also known as "gilled mushrooms") are one of the most familiar types of mushrooms.
		Basiodiocarps of the agarics are typically fleshy, with a stipe, a pileus (or cap) and lamellae (or gills), where basiodiospores are stored.
		The agarics always have their basiodiospores ejected from the basidium into the area between gill edges.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Agaricales (286 words)

	INRA - The biodiversity of agarics
		Agarics are fungi belonging to the Agaricus genus, the most well-known species of which is the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus.
		Molecular analyses have shown that biochemical characteristics (particularly of an organoleptic type) are essential to classifying agarics as a function of evolution.
		definition of the family links between agarics during evolution through the study of different criteria, is largely based on this collection.
	www.international.inra.fr /press/the_biodiversity_of_agarics (681 words)

	MykoWeb -- Fungal Taxonomy III
		However, its not yet clear whether both groups share an agaric ancestor and boletes are a derived condition, or whether agarics in the bolete clade evolved independently from boletoid ancestors.The majority of agarics belong to the euagaric group and share common descent from a single ancestor.
		The last several “generations” of amateur and professional mycologists have been thoroughly schooled in the Singerian scheme of classifying agarics, and some of the new classifications that are emerging may seem confounding at first, however, in most cases these groupings do make sense in the light of the shared morphologies between members of these taxa.
		Oddly, Volvariella, an agaric with clear morphological affinities to both Pluteus and Amanita, was found in the Moncalvo study not to fall into the same clade as these genera, and that in fact, its relationship is quite distant.
	www.mykoweb.com /articles/taxonomy_3.html (1271 words)

	What is... ?
		Agaric - An agaric is a mushroom that produces its spores on thin plates, or gills, on the underside of the fruiting body.
		Most agarics consist of a cap borne on a stalk, but in some, a stalk is lacking and the structure bearing the gills is attached directly to the substrate, usually a tree.
		The term agaric includes the common mushrooms familiar to everyone; all are basidiomycetes.
	www.plant.uga.edu /mycology-herbarium/whatis.htm (2099 words)

	AGARICS, BOLETES AND CHANTERELLES - CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		AGARICS, BOLETES AND CHANTERELLES - CLASSIFICATION OF FUNGI
		Although emphasis in this chapter is devoted to agarics and boletes, commentary on other macrofungi is provided for comparative purposes or where complimentary.
		The majority of agarics (and also what were the Lycoperdales [most puffballs] and Tulostomatales [most stalked puffballs]) appear to be monophyletic (Hibbett et al.
	www.naturewatch.ca /Mixedwood/fungi/page2.html (832 words)

	AGARICS, BOLETES AND CHANTERELLES - REFERENCES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Hutchison, L.J., Madzia, S.E., Barron, G.L. The presence and antifeedant function of toxin-producing secretory cells on hyphae of the lawn-inhabiting agaric Conocybe lactea.
		Redhead, S.A., Ginns, J.H. A reappraisal of agaric genera associated with brown rots of wood.
		Redhead, S.A., Kuyper, T.W. Lichenized agarics: taxonomic and nomenclatural riddles.
	www.naturewatch.ca /MixedWood/fungi/page7.html (3875 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		To separate some of the confusion as to what is a simple fungus and what is a mushroom, scientists now generally use the term 'mushroom' to encompass fungi of either the order Agaricales or the order Boletales.
		Today, agarics are not restricted to "true" mushrooms (genus Agaricus), but also include cultivated mushrooms, or their numerous close relatives.
		The 'orange agaric' includes both the edible and poisonous forms of Amanita, as well as the saffron milk cap (Lactarius deliciosus).
	www.innvista.com /health/foods/mushrooms/intro.htm (2024 words)

	Agaric - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An agaric is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus that is clearly differentiated from the stipe, with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus.
		Most species of agarics are classified in the Agaricales, however, this type of fruiting body is though to have evolved several times independently, hence the Russulales, Boletales, Hymenochaetales, and several other groups of basidiomycetes also contain agaric species.
		"Agaric" is also sometimes used as a common name for members of the genus Agaricus, as well as for members of other genera, for example, Amanita muscaria is sometimes called "fly agaric".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Agaric (238 words)

	Jakob Emanuel Lange
		Jakob Emanuel Lange (1914) "Studies in the Agarics of Denmark: Part I. Mycena" in Dansk Botanisk Arkiv (Danish Botanical Archive) 1:5 pp.
		Jakob Emanuel Lange (1923) "Studies in the Agarics of Denmark: PartV.
		Jakob Emanuel Lange (1935 - 1940) Flora agaracina Danica (Agarics of Denmark) 5 vol.
	www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us /Authors/JLange896.html (275 words)

	The Grange - Fungi (Agarics) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The Agarics, or gilled fungi, is a large Class of Basidiomycetes.
		Agarics are usually referred to as the toadstool and mushroom.
		In The Grange there are several different Agarics, including the Ink Caps, Fly Agaric, Ghost Fungi and Cortinaris species.
	home.vicnet.net.au /~grange/Agarics.html (168 words)

	CSCI222 Lab1:- Expert System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Since deadly poisons are found in many species of the genera Amanita and Gelerina which are grouped under the Agarics, it is your responsibility not to experiment with mushrooms that you cannot positively identify.
		If the system finds out that a particular mushroom is not one of the 33 Agarics, it will give the answer "It is not one of the 33 Agarics" and it will give the information about mushroom families to which that particular mushroom might belong.
		This Mushrooms is not one of 33 Agarics.
	www.ecst.csuchico.edu /~sang/csci222/Lab1.htm (2118 words)

	Agaricus fuscofibrillosus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		One of several species refered to as bleeding agarics, the fusco turns bright red when cut.
		The staining reaction is so strong that the straw in one of my mushroom baskets is permanently died reddish-brown from past fuscous forrays, and my fingers become stained during the cleaning process.
		The fusco is one of the richest agarics I know, with a flavor matched only by the much rarer A.
	www.rrich.com /msagarfuscfib.html (146 words)

	Strophariaceae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The species of Strophariaceae have a red-brown to dark brown spore print, while the spores themselves are smooth and have an apical germ pore.
		These agarics are also characterized by having a cutis-type pileipellis.
		The genus Stropharia, is mainly a medium to large agaric with a distinct membranous annulus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Strophariaceae (282 words)

	Systematic Botany and Mycology : Agaricicolous species of Hypomyces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Species of Hypomyces can be distributed along the lines of their substrata, with most found on boletes, agarics, or Aphyllophorales (including polypores and thelephores) and with little overlap among the broad substratum groups.
		Species of Hypomyces that parasitize boletes (Rogerson and Samuels, 1989; Helfer, 1991) and agarics (Helfer, 1991; and herewith) tend to be specific to host family or genus, whereas most species found on aphyllophoraceous hosts are less restricted.
		Basidiomata of agaric species that have been transformed by their parasites, including H.
	www.ars.usda.gov /Research/docs.htm?docid=10955 (517 words)

	B00024Received 28 June 2000; accepted 5 December 2000 Segedin & Pennycook--Checklist of agarics, boletes, and ...
		A nomenclatural checklist of agarics, boletes, and related secotioid and gasteromycetous fungi recorded from New Zealand
		Abstract All of the >1600 names that have been applied to "agarics" and "boletes" recorded from New Zealand in the literature up to the end of 1999 are listed with full citations and representative bibliographic references.
		Five hundred and sixty of the names are basionyms with New Zealand types, and an additional 63 names are based on New Zealand material but have not been formally published.
	www.rsnz.org /publish/nzjb/2001/26.php (177 words)

	The Crepidotaceae (Basidiomycota, Agaricales): phylogeny and taxonomy of the genera and revision of the family based on ...
		morphology-based classifications of the agaric genera of the
		Breitenbach J. Kränzlin 1995 Fungi of Switzerland: Agarics, vol.
		Lange J. 1938 Studies in the Agarics of Denmark.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/92/1/74 (4949 words)

	[No title]
		First, morphological analyses of several fungal groups (i.e., corticioids, boletes, agarics, coral fungi) have helped to bring order at that resolutional level.
		Second, establishment of an extensive culture collection has enabled mating experiments to be performed, both to ascertain mating systems of individual taxa, and to explore the geographical range of potentially interbreeding populations.
		Mating systems of antipodal agarics: an unreported taxon and range extensions.
	fp.bio.utk.edu /botany/people/petersen.html (354 words)

	AGARICALES
		The terms "agaric" and "agaricoid fungi" are still most often used in reference to the Agaricales of Singer (1986), which includes both poroid and gilled fungi in suborders Agaricineae (which contains some polypores as well as agarics), Russulineae, and Boletineae.
		We have addressed the higher-level relationships among the major groups of agarics by sequencing the nuclear large subunit (25S) RNA gene for more than 300 taxa.
		Preliminary phylogenetic analysis based on 154 diverse taxa reveals many well-defined groups of agarics that are consistent with modern taxonomic systems.
	www.biology.duke.edu /fungi/mycolab/agarical.htm (1618 words)

	Nabokov on Mushrooms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Her main delight was in the quest, and this quest had its rules.
		Thus, no agarics were taken; all she picked were species belonging to the edible section of the genus Boletus (tawny edulis, brown scaber, red aurantiacus, and a few close allies), called 'tube mushrooms' by some and coldly defined by mycologists as 'terrestrial, fleshy, putrescent, centrally stipitate fungi'.
		It is, however, to the latter, to the lowly and ugly agarics, that nations with timorous taste buds limit their knowledge and appetite..." (10)
	www-personal.umich.edu /~jigoulov/Mushroomlore/nabokov1.html (230 words)

	Cornell Plant Pathology Herbarium
		The collection of George F. Atkinson (CUP-A) is especially rich in agarics (mushrooms) collected during the late 1800s and early 1900s.
		He described almost 400 species of agarics, plant pathogens, and other fungi during his tenure as a Cornell professor.
		Atkinson was an early pioneer in the documentation of specimens with photography; CUP also holds his large collection of photographs.
	ppathw3.cals.cornell.edu /CUPpages/CUPabout.html (410 words)

	Lycaeum > Leda > Divine Mushroom of Immortality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Others run or walk quite involuntarily, without any intention of moving, to places where they do not wish to go at all.
		Fly agaric is also the kind of mushroom that Vikings took to enter the "beserker" state for battle.
		The Icelandic name for the fly agaric contains the word 'berserk' in it.
	leda.lycaeum.org /?ID=8720 (560 words)

	IMC7
		The mycoflora is discussed in relation to the Alaska North Slope tundra, and the arcto-alpine habitats in the mountainous regions of northern North America.
		By definition, arctic-alpine agarics and boletes are ectomycorrhizal, saprobic or parasitic mycota which closely interact-coexist with autochthonous associations of lichens, mosses and angiosperms exposed to the harsh ecological conditions above the upper timberline in alpine habitats or in tundra of Subarctica and Subantarctica.
		Due to lack of data, the following localities are still white or grey spots on the arctic-alpine map viz.
	plantsciences.montana.edu /alpinemushrooms/imc7.htm (1975 words)

	Fly Agaric Mushrooms
		They believed the smaller mushrooms with a large quantity of small warts were more active than the pale red and less spotted ones.
		Among the Koryaks, their women chewed the dried agaric and rolled the masticated material into small sausages which were swallowed by the men.
		A muscaria, sometimes called "the fly agaric" in English, is the very red-capped, white-spotted fungus that is perhaps our most canonical and easily-recognized "toadstool".
	peyote.com /jonstef/flyagaric.htm (3334 words)

	Phylogeny of the Agaricales and allied mushrooms
		The resulting molecular sequence data bases should be helpful in the identification of environmental isolates and new or unknown agarics.
		This study will also provide a basis for comparative studies on different aspects of molecular and character evolution, and for estimation of phylogenetic diversity in mushrooms.
		Phylogenetic relationships of agaric fungi based on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences.
	www.biology.duke.edu /fungi/mycolab/agaricphylogeny_start.html (644 words)

	American Journal of Botany, 16, 9, November, 1929 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		The two forms of a species are essentially alike, except for the number of spores on their respective basidia, and a slight difference in spore size.
		The probable occurrence of similarly related four-spored and two-spored forms in many agarics is the basis for suggesting that rather than set up new species for the two-spored forms, the following trinomial designations be used; Coprinus ephemerus Fr., f.
		indicate that there may be within a considerable number of species of agarics, four-spored diploid and two-spored haploid forms.
	www.botany.org /ajb/00029122_di001276.php (2260 words)

	Untitled Document
		Drying works especially well for boletes, morels and agarics, whose flavors can actually be enhanced and intensified by the process.
		Use a mixture of 50% vinegar and 50% water, about one inch deep in the bottom of the pan.
		I usually find that apple cider vinegar (5% acidity) works best, as it complements the fruitiness of chantrelles, and brings out the muskiness of boletes or agarics.
	www.rrich.com /mspreserv.html (1948 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: The Crepidotaceae (Basidiomycota, Agaricales): Phylogeny and Taxonomy of the Genera and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		In contrast, the status of the Crepidotaceae, a historically controversial family of dark-spored agarics, remains unaddressed.
		In this paper, current morphology-based classifications of the agaric genera of the Crepidotaceae were evaluated by parsimony and constraint analyses of sequence data from the nuclear large subunit rDNA.
		Taxa analyzed include the type species for each agaric genus allied in the family by Singer: Crepidotus, Simocybe, Pleurotellus, Tubaria, and Melanomphalia.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=162976 (419 words)

	Biodiversity of Agaricales
		Species composition and distribution patterns for selected genera of Agaricales (mushrooms and relatives) were compared to provide preliminary information on their potential biodiversity and degree of endemism in Neotropical montane Quercus forests.
		Only genera with species that form ectomycorrhizae were examined, because knowledge of saprobic agarics is currently too fragmentary to allow comparisons of diverse mycotas.
		Comparisons were made of the species composition and distribution of Amanita, Laccaria, Lactarius, and genera in the Boletaceae reported from temperate North America, southern Neotropical Quercus forests (Costa Rica-Colombia), the Lesser Antilles, tropical South America excluding montane Colombia, and temperate South America.
	www.nybg.org /bsci/res/hall/abstrct1.html (324 words)

	CSCI222 Lab1:- Expert System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-06)
		Only at this time, I narrowed my mushrooms data down to the group of gills mushrooms, known as Agarics, in the north weat America.
		This expert system is called Gills Mushroom and it gives you some information about the popular Agarics, frequenly found in California, Oregon, and Washington.
		There are 50 gills mushrooms or Agarics in this system.
	www.ecst.csuchico.edu /~sang/csci222/lab2/Lab2.html (2047 words)

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