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Topic: Agracetus

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	CONK! Encyclopedia: Agracetus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		The Agracetus Campus of Monsanto is the largest soybean transformation laboratory in the world.
		Agracetus was founded in 1981 as Cetus company.
		Acquired by Monsanto in 1996, the research and development facility is located 8 miles (13 km) west of Madison in the town of Middleton, Wisconsin on 4.5 acres (18,000 mÂ²).
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Agracetus (195 words)

	Biotechnology and Development Monitor, No. 21, p. 8-9.
		Agracetus is applying its gene gun technique to a broad range of plants: poplar and spruce trees, (Indica) rice, cranberry, tobacco, maize, green and dry beans, and peanuts.
		The agronomic traits of transgenic cotton and soya beans focused on, are pest resistance and herbicide tolerance.
		Agracetus stated that its broad patents will not affect public funded research, because research licences are available, free of charge, to all academic or governmental researchers.
	www.biotech-monitor.nl /2105.htm (2014 words)

	Monsanto Company (formerly Agracetus) - Biopolymers to Give Cotton Fibers Synthetic-Like Qualities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		Agracetus approached trade groups within the U.S. cotton industry for resources, but because of the depressed profitability of the industry, funds were not available for a project with such a high technical risk.
		Agracetus scientists wrote articles on the technology that appeared in professional journals, company representatives delivered presentations at conferences, and the popular press reported on the technology several times.
		Even though Agracetus is not pursuing further commercialization, sequencing the cotton genome is the subject of a number of domestic and international research projects.
	statusreports-atp.nist.gov /reports/94-01-0074.htm (1753 words)

	[No title]
		Agracetus has a broad patent on cotton (see below) and is filing patents for soybeans.
		One company, Agracetus (Middleton, WI) has two patents, 5159135 and 5004863, that cover genetically engineered cotton and a product process based on their line of cotton seed.
		Originally Agracetus had filed one patent, but had it split in two by the Patent Office, the second of which (the process part) had to be appealed to the Court of Appeals Federal Circuit, before it was allowed.
	www.ibiblio.org /patents/txt/072894.txt (296 words)

	BioTech Career Center
		Agracetus specializes in crop plant transformation and production of therapeutic proteins in plants.
		Agracetus was founded in 1981 and acquired by Monsanto in 1996.
		It has survived Monsanto's merger and subsequent spinning out from Pharmacia and is now called the "Agracetus Campus of Monsanto".
	www.biotechcareercenter.com /Agracetus.html (44 words)

	Biotechnology and Development Monitor, No. 25, p. 15-17.
		Agracetus, however, does not claim clearly defined cotton and soya bean varieties, but all possible thinkable transgenic variants of both species.
		Agracetus, for example, has licensed companies such as Monsanto and Calgene, that use the technology to improve the insect resistance of cotton.
		Agracetus has filed for patents on transgenic cotton in the main other cotton producing countries, including India, Brazil and China (see Monitor 21).
	www.biotech-monitor.nl /2506.htm (2469 words)

	Star Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		The broad patent granted to Agracetus for a particle bombardment (biolistic) method of transforming soybeans to cover all soybean varieties should be cancelled for various reasons.
		Firstly, the claims made by Agracetus are nearly standardised laboratory procedures used in hundreds of laboratories across the world.
		On March 2, 1994 a US-based biotech company, Agracetus (then subsidiary of W.R. Grace and Co.), won a European patent on all genetically engineered soybean varieties and seeds (regardless of the genes used) and all methods of transformation (one of the patent's claims actually extends beyond soya to other plant species).
	www.thedailystar.net /law/200306/01/news.htm (570 words)

	PANNA: Agracetus "Species" Patents Update. Global Pesticide Campaigner, Volume 4, Number 2, June 1994.
		Agracetus "Species" Patents Update On March 2, 1994, Agracetus, Inc. (a subsidiary of W.R. Grace & Co.) received a European Patent on all transgenic soybean varieties.
		RAFI maintains that Agracetus has not contributed a fundamental invention that would warrant the sweeping scope of the patent claim and that the patent is tantamount to an exclusive monopoly on the world's $27 billion soybean crop.
		Agracetus was granted a similar patent in India, and has applied for others in cotton producing countries including Brazil and China.
	www.panna.org /resources/pestis/PESTIS.burst.846.html (470 words)

	Patent Office revokes third patent; (fwd)
		Agracetus had been awarded two broad patents that left unchallenged would have allowed Agracetus to demand royalties on virtually any type of cotton with gene modifications along the lines of what is in Agracetus' claims.
		Agracetus can first appeal to the Patent Office, and if unsuccessful, to the Federal courts.
		When half of all software patents reference NO non-patent prior art (and not to pick on software because other technologies are equally poorly cited), when there are ample Dialog-referenceable/examiner-accessible prior art references, one wonders whether or not the workflow process of prosecuting patent applications has to be reengineered, as opposed to playing musical administrative chairs.
	www.interesting-people.org /archives/interesting-people/199412/msg00020.html (716 words)

	2
		In October 1992, U.S. chemical company, W.R. Grace and Co. 's subsidiary Agracetus was awarded a patent by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on all genetically engineered cotton.
		The patent gives Agracetus rights over all transgenic cotton regardless of how the genes are inserted even though application was based on just one method of transferring genes that endow antibiotic resistance into cotton cells.
		In 1994, Agracetus was awarded a soyabean patent by the European Patent Office covering all genetically engineered soyabean plants and seeds and their natural offspring until the year 2011.
	www.geocities.com /biotechdoubts/proof2.htm (768 words)

	Cotton - Summary
		Agracetus (now owned by Monsanto) has been granted two patents in the United States and one in Europe, directed to transformation of immature cotton plants with A.
		The Agracetus patents have the earliest priority date in the group of cotton transformation patents, dating back to 1986.
		In both Agracetus' and Calgene's inventions hypocotyl cotton tissue is transformed with Agrobacterium.
	www.bios.net /daisy/AgroTran/767/821/828/875 (1014 words)

	Information Systems for Biotechnology/NBIAP News Report
		The Agracetus cotton patent is a fitting example of the path other broad biotechnology-based patents may wander down in the future.
		It was this concept of prior art that lead the patent office to consider and undertake re-examination of the patent, and to revoke their prior decision of approval in December of 1994.
		While Agracetus received a broad patent covering all genetically engineered cotton, it is currently the subject of re-examination.
	www.nbiap.vt.edu /news/1995/news95.may.html (6380 words)

	PLANTIGENS and PLANTIBODIES from Transgenic Plants
		This corn is no Silver Queen, bred for sweetness, but a strain genetically engineered by Agracetus in Middleton, Wis., to secrete human antibodies.
		Agracetus is also cultivating soybeans that contain human antibodies against herpes simplex virus 2, a culprit in venereal disease, in the hope of producing a drug cheap enough to add to contraceptives.The web-shy Planet Biotechnology in Mountain View, Calif., is testing an anti-tooth-decay mouthwash made with antibodies extracted from transgenic tobacco plants.
		If that happens, says Douglas A. Russell, a molecular biologist at Agracetus, the maladjusted antibodies cannot stimulate the body into producing its own immune response, and they are rapidly filtered from the bloodstream.
	www.molecularfarming.com /plantigens.html (1256 words)

	forwarded message from Information Systems for Biotechnology
		A recent report from Agracetus describes what may be the first yarn in eventually weaving this scenario (1).
		Agracetus scientists then analyzed the cotton fibers for their thermal properties and found that these transgenic fibers and the fabric made from their yarn "conducted less heat, cooled down slower and took up more heat than the conventional cotton fiber".
		John, a native of India who heads the Fiber Technology Division at Agracetus, concedes that changes in the thermal properties of transgenic fibers are still small and it is necessary to achieve much higher expression of the PHB genes to make an impact on fiber product applications.
	www.gene.ch /gentech/1997/8.96-5.97/msg00004.html (2751 words)

	Full of (Soy) Beans
		Even the U.S. Department of Agriculture could see this problem when a small Wisconsin-based firm called Agracetus was granted a close cousin to the soybean patent in the United States a decade ago-one claiming rights to all genetically engineered cotton.
		It is worth noting that Monsanto and Agracetus structured their broad claims around a gizmo called a "gene gun," though neither actually invented this device for inserting genes into plants like soybeans and cotton.
		Thus, the multibillion-dollar question is this: just because Agracetus was the first to use this tool to blast gold beads covered with DNA into soybeans, why should that entitle them to demand royalties from another firm inserting different genes into different soybean varieties by different means?
	www.techreview.com /articles/03/09/shulman0903.asp?p=0 (811 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		But after a quarter century in Madison working with companies like Agracetus -- which pioneered transgenic cotton -- and researchers such as Dr. James Thomson, who first isolated embryonic stem cells in a UW lab, Seay's name is synonymous with this news-making branch of science.
		Agracetus produced scores of patents, including one for the first genetically engineered cotton, which some dubbed a "megapatent." As a result, Seay said, the amount of pesticides sprayed on cotton has dropped dramatically.
		When Monsanto purchased Agracetus for $150 million, the company had a building worth $3 million, a dozen scientists on the payroll and no products in its pipeline.
	www.wisbusiness.com /printerfriendly.iml?Article=27969 (1767 words)

	Agracetus Campus of Monsanto (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		Agracetus, located in Middleton, Wisconsin, was founded in 1981 and has been a part of Monsanto since 1996.
		The Agracetus campus is located on 4.5 acres and contains 100,000 square feet of research space.
		The campus houses ten research laboratories and a 35,000 square foot greenhouse complex.
	www.agracetus.com (182 words)

	bIPlog: Patenting Everything Soy, Because You Can
		For years, Monsanto lobbied against the granting of a similarly broad patent to Agracetus for all genetically engineered cotton, whether or not another process was used.
		But after acquiring Agracetus, Monsanto now supports these overly-broad "monopolies on whole areas of research" because instead of stifling their business, it is their business.
		Even the U.S. Department of Agriculture could see this problem when a small Wisconsin-based firm called Agracetus was granted a close cousin to the soybean patent in the United States a decade ago -- one claiming rights to all genetically engineered cotton.
	journalism.berkeley.edu /projects/biplog/archive/001018.html (1059 words)

	Tim Solinger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		Agracetus operates a research and development facility specializing in crop plant transformation and molecular biology.
		The main activity at Agracetus is soybean research, and the company also has ongoing efforts in corn and cotton transformation.
		Other promising developments at Agracetus include the testing of an oil seed crop enriched with omega-3 fatty acid, which has potential for reducing heart disease.
	www.timsolinger.com /tjstechnicalsamplesfull_f.html (1328 words)

	plantibodies
		So although Agracetus must ensure that its plantibodies are free from pesticides and other kinds of contaminants, it can forgo expensive screening for viruses and bacterial toxins.
		Agracetus is also cultivating soybeans that contain human antibodies against herpes simplex virus 2, a culprit in venereal disease, in the hope of producing a drug cheap enough to add to contraceptives.
		If that happens, says Douglas A. Russell a molecular biologist at Agracettis, the maladjusted antibodies cannot stimulate the body into producing its own immune response, and they are rapidly filtered from the bloodstream.
	www.dhushara.com /book/genes/genaug/planti.htm (716 words)

	WCS
		The primary focus of Agracetus' research is to develop genetically improved crops, including soybeans, corn and cotton.
		One of the primary strengths of the Agracetus safety and health program is the extensive employee participation in safety and health activities.
		The Agracetus near miss program is also a program that the organization is most proud of.
	www.wischamberfoundation.org /wcs/display.cfm?ID=380 (4947 words)

	b_books . hell_p . patent . text greenpeace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		Bereits 1994 war Agracetus vom Europäischen Patentamt das Patent erteilt worden, das auch in den USA gilt.
		Agracetus hatte sich auch ähnli-che Rechte für Baumwolle und Reis gesichert.
		Tatsächlich gelang es Agracetus laut Patent-schrift nur in sehr beschränktem Umfang gen-manipulierte Sojabohnen herzustellen: Aus zahlreichen Versuchsreihen resultierten ledig-lich wenige Pflanzen, die das Gen auch wirklich in sich trugen und sich dabei scheinbar normal entwickelten.
	www.bbooks.de /hell-p/patent1d.html (858 words)

	WCS
		The Agracetus Campus is a research and development site within the Biotechnology organization of Monsanto Company.
		Agracetus was founded in 1981 and became part of Monsanto in 1996.
		Its commitment to safety and health and its vibrant safety culture are the primary reasons the Agracetus Campus safety and health program exceeds industry standards.
	www.wischamberfoundation.org /WCS/display.cfm?ID=550 (1608 words)

	[No title]
		One such broad utility patent is Agracetus, Inc.'s 1992 patent on all transgenic cotton.
		Agracetus granted government and university researchers the right to study their transformation techniques for research purposes, he said, but without an incentive for commercial profit, research opportunities in cotton have declined.
		A Virginia law firm and the USDA Agricultural Research Service petitioned USPTO for a reexamination of the Agracetus patent, which then rejected all of the patent's claims.
	www.nal.usda.gov /bic/Newsletters/NABC_News/WWW_NABCNewspg95/6_Council_Discussion (1101 words)

	Nature Biotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		John Sanford at Cornell University demonstrated that it was possible to transform plant cells using an explosive charge to propel microscopic tungsten particles coated with DNA directly into plant cells and nuclei.
		Researchers at Agracetus, for instance, developed an alternative method of propelling DNA into plant cells based on accelerating gold particles through an electric field.
		Agracetus applied the technology to plants (the rights to which were acquired by Monsanto in mid-1996), and DuPont and the W.R. Grace subsidiary, Auragen, developed a gold particle-based method for gene delivery into mammalian cells.
	www.nature.com /nbt/wilma/v16n4.890326925.html (516 words)

	Cotton Plants Altered to Produce 'polyester' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-15)
		In a new biological twist to the old blended weave of cotton and polyester, a Middleton company is developing cotton plants that grow their own polyester as part of the cotton fiber.
		Genes for growing the polymers are isolated from a common bacteria, Smestad said, and shot into young cotton plants using a gene gun developed at Agracetus.
		Agracetus' plans call for the company to grow the cotton itself and supply it to the American textile industry, Smestad said.
	www.hbci.com /~wenonah/new/cot-poly.htm (541 words)

	Monsanto to own soyabean! by Devinder Sharma, May 2003
		The broad-spectrum patent on soyabean was actually granted to Agracetus, a wholly owned subsidiary of W.R.Grace (of the neem patent fame).
		In 1992, Agracetus had drawn another `broad-spectrum' patent on cotton that provided it monopoly control over `all kinds of transgenic cotton', regardless of from where the germplasm came or the technique adopted to improve the existing cotton varieties.
		The Agracetus patent in the United States was also subsequently struck.
	www.ratical.org /co-globalize/monsantOsoy.html (1064 words)

	PANNA: Indian Govmt Will Revoke Agracetus Cotton Patent, Allen Spalt, Rural Advancement Foundation International Press ...
		According to the Business Standard of Calcutta, the Indian Government, under clause 66 of the Indian Patent Act, 1970, decided to summarily revoke the patent, "because of its far-reaching implications for India's cotton economy." The action was taken last month, and reported in the Business Standard on 18 February.
		The controversial US Patent No. 5,159,135 was granted to Agracetus, a biotechnology subsidiary of W.R. Grace Corporation, on October 27, 1992, giving the company monopoly control over all transgenic cotton plants and seeds until the year 2008.
		W.R. Grace is a major agrochemical corporation, with 1992 annual sales of (US) $6.3 billion.In addition to the US and India, Agracetus has applied for similar patents in other major cotton producing countries, including Brazil and China.
	www.panna.org /resources/pestis/PESTIS.burst.434.html (714 words)

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