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	Excerpt from Nations and Nationalism
		Notwithstanding their aridity and sterility, the scholastic and ritual complexity mastered by the schoolmen of a developed agrarian society is often such as to strain the very limits of the human mind.
		Societies consisting of sub-communities can be divided into those in which the sub-communities can, if necessary, reproduce themselves without help from the rest of society, and those in which mutual complementarity and interdependence are such that they cannot do this.
		Its segments and units - and this society is in any case large, fluid, and in comparison with traditional, agrarian societies very short of internal structures - simply do not possess the capacity or the resources to reproduce their own personnel.
	members.tripod.com /GellnerPage/gellner12.html (6158 words)

	Agrarianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Agrarianism is not identical with the back to the earth movement, but it can be helpful to think of it in those terms.
		The agrarian philosophy is not to get people to reject progress, but rather to concentrate on the fundamental goods of the earth, communities of more limited economic and political scale than in modern society, and on simple living--even when this shift involves questioning the "progressive" character of some recent social and economic developments.
		The name "agrarian" is properly applied to figures from Horace and Virgil through Thomas Jefferson, Transcendentals like Emerson and Thoreau, the Southern Agrarians movement of the 1920s and 1930s (also known as the Vanderbilt Agrarians) and present-day authors Wendell Berry, Allan Carlson, Victor Davis Hanson, and Michael Bunker.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Agrarianism (424 words)

	Agrarian society - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An agrarian society is one that is based on agriculture as its prime means for support and sustenance.
		The society acknowledges other means of livelihood and work habits but stresses on agriculture and farming, and was the main form of socio-economic organisation for most of recorded human history.
		Only one modern example of a national agrarian experiment exists, the tyrannical efforts of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia from 1975 to their deposition by Vietnam in 1979.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Agrarian_society (120 words)

	Introduction to Sociology/Society - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks
		Society is often understood as the basic structure and interactions of a group of people or the network of relationships between entities.
		Agrarian societies are societies in which the primary means of subsistence is the cultivation of crops using a mixture of human and non-human means (i.e., animals and/or machinery).
		In a capitalist society, which was co-developing with industry, rather than owning the fruits of their labors, the proletariat or working class owns only their labor power, not the fruits of their labors (i.e., the results of production).
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Introduction_to_Sociology/Society (4033 words)

	Part1-3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Early agrarian societies didnÕt have the means to achieve even a relatively small percentage of literacy among the masses, so those who were able to record the culture and ideas of this society became the upper class.
		The emergence of literacy in an agrarian society acts as a catalyst for separation, stratification, and generation.
		However, in the agrarian society, the majority of the people are isolated into their own agricultural communities.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/jmurphy/JPT3500file/Exam1.answerfile/Q1-2.html (822 words)

	Thomas Paine / Agrarian Justice, Part 1
		Landed property and private property, he argued, were made possible only by the operation of society since whatever property men accumulated beyond their own labor came from the fact that they lived in society.
		Since the operation of society had made possible the existence of private property, it followed that society was entitled to receive the surplus that men accumulated beyond their own labor back from them.
		He availed himself of the resentment caused by this flaw, and instead of seeking a remedy by legitimate and constitutional means, or proposing some measure useful to society, the conspirators did their best to renew disorder and confusion, and constituted themselves personally into a Directory, which is formally destructive of election and representation.
	www.cooperativeindividualism.org /paine_agrarianjustice_01.html (1599 words)

	............Rosado Consulting:Articles -- PARADIGM SHIFTS............
		Depending on the society, one type of sector tends to be the dominant one, in the sense that it forms the basis for the economy.
		In the agrarian society the family, the tribe, with its extended kinships, close-knit sense of community and homogenous communal life, dominated the structural form around which society was organized.
		Rather we are a heterogeneous society, a rich cultural stew, where the various ingredients–white potatoes, brown meat, yellow squash, red tomatoes, and all the other substances–while maintaining their distinctiveness, have contributed their unique cultural juices and ethnic flavors, all richly blended by the heat of group tension.
	www.rosado.net /articles-paradigm.html (10615 words)

	Bloomsbury.com - Research centre
		Society (from Latin sociare, 'to join together') is one of the key concepts in sociology.
		The culture of a given society is passed on from generation to generation through the process of socialization.
		Modern societies tend to be culturally diverse embracing a wide range of different subcultures, whereas small societies tend to be culturally quite uniform.
	www.bloomsbury.com /ARC/detail.asp?EntryID=102912&bid=2 (958 words)

	Lecture 22: European Agrarian Society: Manorialism
		The serf knew his place in medieval society and readily accepted it.
		Literacy may have reached its lowest level on the manor estate but at least the serf was protected and secure.
		People believed that society functioned smoothly when individuals accepted their status and performed their proper roles.
	www.historyguide.org /ancient/lecture22b.html (1490 words)

	S5G1.00
		Agrarian society cleared the land, overused the land, and moved on.
		Industrial society paves to alter the land and drainage and guilds non-essential buildings for businesses, etc. Larger populations require the use of wetlands for homes and increase the competition with wildlife for territory.
		In the agrarian societies many of the population controls were abandoned because there was plenty of food and there was a need for workers on farms, offspring to inherit property, and care for aging parents.
	www.utm.edu /staff/ceceone/ecology/s5g1.htm (1870 words)

	CHAPTER 7: AGRARIAN SOCIETIES
		Another significant development in these societies was a marked slowdown in the rate of technological innovation and progress, beginning within a few centuries after the shift from horticulture to agriculture (185).
		During the period in which simple agrarian societies dominated the Middle East, the most important technological advance was the discovery of the technique of smelting iron.
		The basic cleavages in advanced agrarian societies were much the same as they had been in simple agrarian societies and as a consequence, so were the basic patters of inequality.
	www.fiu.edu /~grenierg/chapter7.htm (2107 words)

	Comment Magazine - "Agrarianism is misguided: another reply" by Peter Scholtens
		Agrarianism is, at its root, a denial of the neocalvinism that is one of the pillars on which the Work Research Foundation is built.
		Agrarianism is prophetic in its declaration that greed and large-scale agriculture have been devastating to many ecosystems and rural communities.
		The second problem with agrarian philosophy is agrarians' arguing that the family farm and surrounding community is the ideal structure, not just for farming but for living a balanced and harmonious life.
	www.wrf.ca /comment/article.cfm?ID=131 (1187 words)

	Jefferson.html
		The agrarian ideology that captured the popular imagination became incorporated into official government policy, beginning with Jefferson's own programs, but it was the growing perception of the sheer size of the territory beyond the Alleghenies that encouraged a heady optimism that a radical political vision could indeed become reality.
		The agrarian philosophy that was the basis of the thesis (as well as the popular myth of the goodness of rural life) also largely ignored the impact of industrialization which was transforming American society in the latter half of the nineteenth century.
		Agrarian theory encouraged men to ignore [the revolution] altogether, or to regard it as an unfortunate and anomalous violation of the natural order of things." (17) As a result, attention has been diverted from problems created by industrialization and, in the theory's implicit distrust of cities and industry, impeded cooperation between agricultural and industrial interests.
	www2.univ-reunion.fr /~duban/Ressources_civ._US/Documents/JeffersonAgrarianIdeal (4233 words)

	The Community Solution: Agraria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Industrialism and the growth model of society have led to the decline of small farms and towns and the loss of valuable agricultural land.
		Our current society is focused on consumer goods which have a high content of energy, both in manufacturing and shipping costs, and a low labor component.
		Agrarians may have to work harder and longer hours in the community so they will have less time for this.
	www.communitysolution.org /agraria.html (5891 words)

	SOCI2000: Chapter 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Societies growing in size: e.g., 15 million in Egypt as simple agrarian society while 400 million in China in 19
		The widespread belief in magic and the equally widespread attitude of fatalism, both contributed to the slowdown in the rate of technological advance in agrarian societies.
		The class divisions within advanced agrarian societies were greater than those in simple agrarian societies.
	www.nccu.edu /~huang/ch1307.htm (874 words)

	Bridegroom Press - Articles - Culture Wars - The Return of Child Labor
		Children in such a society are expected to pull their own weight and help provide for the family.
		Industrialization had already begun to tear at the agrarian model of youth education, but with the advent of mass schooling, the last traces of the agrarian system were wiped out.
		The agrarian society remedied that by making sure the apprentice dealt in concrete things; concrete work recompensed with cash payment for the adult work done, payment that fed the family.
	bridegroompress.com /catalog/article_info.php?articles_id=151 (1861 words)

	The Myth of Caste Tyranny
		It was only the British determination to tame all floating populations that finally led to their amalgamation with the agrarian society.
		Peasant society was thereby extended and consolidated and the stage set or the emergence of a more rigid and stratified system of castes.
		Pastoral and tribal communities were incorporated into the agrarian society at the same time as the agriculturist castes themselves became more closed and endogamous, a process that has been well documented in the case of important caste groups like the Jats and the Rajputs.
	www.geocities.com /ifihhome/articles/mj003.html (1664 words)

	Sahlins
		Sahlins focuses on the fact that hunter-gatherers are prosperous under their mode of living, whereas modern society seems to be at odds with the mode of living that is aspired to.
		In conclusion, both archaeological and anthropological evidence shows that the hunter gatherer societies well deserve to be the “original affluent society.” What must be realized is that there is a true dichotomy between agrarian based society, which is dualistic in many ways, and the simplicity of the hunter-gatherers.
		It is true that agrarian societies in the Mediterranean, Middle East and Asia subjected their environment to the effects of overpopulation and therefore caused problems unfamiliar to the hunter-gatherers.
	utexas.edu /courses/wilson/ant304/biography/arybios98/saxtonbio.html (1129 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Fishing societies tend to be _______ as large as hunting-gathering societies.
		Social inequality in fishing societies is ___________ in hunting-gathering societies.
		Maritime societies have tended to be ___________ advanced agrarian societies.
	www.ac.wwu.edu /~stephan/Schedule/201/201.TEST4.html (603 words)

	A Bibliography of South Asian Agrarian History the AHA GUIDE TO HISTORICAL LITERATURE
		A reconstruction of the agrarian history of Tanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, from medieval times to the present, organized as a sequence of modes of production, to contextualize fieldwork by the author in the 1950s and her follow-up studies in the 1980s.
		Breakthrough study of military recruitment and migration of peasants in precolonial North India, which argues for the importance of seasonal employment in armies for peasants, for their wide spatial mobility in pursuit of army wages, and for the critical role of service to military commanders in the process of social mobility.
		A history of agrarian society in the Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu from the ninth through the nineteenth century, focusing on regions defined by agro-technological variables and on long-term dynamics in society generated internally and externally.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /~dludden/aha-bib2.htm (5321 words)

	Writings: Cuba (Installment 1)
		Thus Cuba was then an agrarian society comprised of a lower farming class and an upper minority of colonial rulers.
		Society then becomes "exo-educational," meaning each individual is trained by specialists, not the local village or family.
		The agrarian age of colonial oppression ended up sparking the formation of lower-class unity, which led to a violent transition into a industrial society.
	www.sccs.swarthmore.edu /users/99/maya/cubapaper.html (1803 words)

	Anthology of Thirties Prose
		Opposed to the industrial society is the agrarian, which does not stand in particular need of definition.
		An agrarian society is hardly one that has no use at all for industries, for professional vocations, for scholars and artists, and for the life of cities.
		The theory of agrarianism is that the culture of the soil is the best and most sensitive of vocations, and that therefore it should have the economic preference and enlist the maximum number of workers.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~MA01/White/anthology/agrarian.html (2775 words)

	Agrarian society: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		An Agrarian society is one that is based on agriculture agriculture quick summary:
		Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated...
		The society acknowledges other means of livelihood and work habits but stresses on agriculture and farming Agriculture quick summary:
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/ag/agrarian_society.htm (116 words)

	Unasylva - No. 204
		In the agrarian society, deforestation was mostly linked to the need for more areas for agricultural activities.
		Forestry has been equally important during the industrial age: first as a major source of energy for early mechanization processes, later for a variety of supplies and finally, through expansion of the pulp and paper industry, as the source of the physical material for most of the information produced (books, newspapers, magazines).
		The effects of the transition to an information society will be even more far-reaching (and in some cases rapid) in developing countries than in developed ones.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/003/X8820E/x8820e05.htm (924 words)

	Sahlins
		Sahlins focuses on the fact that hunter-gatherers are prosperous under their mode of living, whereas modern society seems to be at odds with the mode of living that is aspired to.
		In conclusion, both archaeological and anthropological evidence shows that the hunter gatherer societies well deserve to be the “original affluent society.” What must be realized is that there is a true dichotomy between agrarian based society, which is dualistic in many ways, and the simplicity of the hunter-gatherers.
		It is true that agrarian societies in the Mediterranean, Middle East and Asia subjected their environment to the effects of overpopulation and therefore caused problems unfamiliar to the hunter-gatherers.
	www.utexas.edu /courses/wilson/ant304/biography/arybios98/saxtonbio.html (1129 words)

	The Agrarian History of South Asia: A Bibliographic Essay
		Understandings of the agrarian past have been most heavily imprinted with ideas that developed in policy debates and in the disciplines of political economy, whose histories have been well studied.
		Reconstructing past agrarian environments is not a major activity among historians of South Asia.
		Current approaches to early modernity in South Asia have emerged from the connected histories of overseas trade, inland economies, agrarian societies, and regional polities, as studies of the eighteenth century have forced a reconsideration of transitions between Mughal and British periods.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /~dludden/bibessay.htm (6092 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Agrarian settlements became the basis for the establishment of various chiefdoms or Swarupams.
		In order to explain the transformation of agrarian society in the 19th and 20th centuries, it is necessary to trace the changes in land relations during the medieval period.
		The consolidation of agrarian society in Kerala facilitated the growth of division of labour on a vertical basis, creating new classes of Naduvalis, temple Uralar and a military class, who were living off the labour of the producers.
	www.keralahistory.ac.in /agrariansociety.htm (13524 words)

	Climate - Socio-Economic Impacts
		The impacts of climate change and variability on the agrarian based socioeconomic structure of the Northern Great Plains is especially disconcerting due to suggestions that climate change and variability will have a greater affect on agriculture regions of the world.
		Extremes in weather have created a agrarian society that is generally aware of and adaptive to these extremes but climate change and variability is not the same as weather extremes.
		The underlying principle is uncertainty to the degree and distribution of climate change and variability thus the degree and change to agrarian socioeconomic structure.
	www.rwic.und.edu /climate/socioeconomic.html (350 words)

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