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Topic: Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora

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	Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora (1964) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		These Agreed Measures shall apply to the same area to which the Antarctic Treaty is applicable (hereinafter referred to as the Treaty Area) namely the area south of 60° South Latitude, including all ice shelves.
		These Agreed Measures may be amended at any time by unanimous agreement of the Governments whose Representatives are entitled to participate in meetings under Article IX of the Antarctic Treaty.
		The need to expedite approval of the Agreed Measures for the Conserva tion of Fauna and Flora, and to give effect to the provisions thereof throughout the Treaty Area in accordance with their terms, was also stressed.
	www.antarctica.ac.uk /About_Antarctica/Treaty/Flora_and_Fauna.html (2724 words)

	PROTOCOL ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TO THE ANTARCTIC TREATY (1991)
		The Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings shall draw the attention of any State which is not a Party to this Protocol to any activity undertaken by that State, its agencies, instrumentalities, natural or juridical persons, ships, aircraft or other means of transport which affects the implementation of the objectives and principles of this Protocol.
		Any other plant or animal introduced into the Antarctic Treaty area not native to that area, including any progeny, shall be removed or disposed of, by incineration or by equally effective means, so as to be rendered sterile, unless it is determined that they pose no risk to native flora or fauna.
		Wastes removed from the Antarctic Treaty area shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be returned to the country from which the activities generating the waste were organized or to any other country in which arrangements have been made for the disposal of such wastes in accordance with relevant international agreements.
	sedac.ciesin.org /entri/texts/antarctic.treaty.protocol.1991.html (6651 words)

	[No title]
		Antarctic marine living resources means the populations of fin fish, molluscs, crustaceans and all other species of living organisms, including birds, found south of the Antarctic Convergence.
		With respect to the Antarctic Treaty area, all Contracting Parties, whether or not they are Parties to the Antarctic Treaty, are bound by Articles IV and VI of the Antarctic Treaty in their relations with each other.
		Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate measures within its competence to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Convention and with conservation measures adopted by the Commission to which the Party is bound in accordance with Article IX of this Convention.
	fletcher.tufts.edu /multi/texts/BH779.txt (3245 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Conservation of Antarctic Animals and Plants
		Under the Antarctic Conservation Act and through its implementing regulations, NSF established a regulatory framework to conserve and protect the native mammals, birds, and plants of Antarctica.
		Conditions under which Antarctic birds, mammals, and certain Antarctic plants may be imported into or exported from the United States are set forth in Subpart G. Subpart H sets forth conditions where the introduction into Antarctica of non-indigenous plants and animals can be permitted.
		Antarctic Specially Protected Area means an area designated by the Antarctic Treaty Parties to protect outstanding environmental, scientific, historic, aesthetic, or wilderness values or to protect ongoing or planned scientific research, designated in Subpart F. Antarctica means the area south of 60 degrees south latitude.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1998/June/Day-02/e14474.htm (4419 words)

	Environmental Issues in Antarctica - Antarctic Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Antarctic is a region of vast untracked wilderness, fascinating natural features, and incomparable scenic beauty.
		Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora (1964) - protects native animals and birds and sets aside Specially Protected Areas.
		Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (1980) - ensures that the Southern Ocean's living resources are treated as a single ecosystem.
	www.antarcticconnection.com /antarctic/science/environment.shtml (564 words)

	Australian Antarctic Division - What is the treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Agreed Measures were adopted in 1964 to protect endemic and native wildlife and plants.
		Conservation Measures under CCAMLR establish protected species, set catch limits, identify fishing regions, regulate when fishing may occur and what fishing methods can be used, and establish fisheries inspection procedures.
		Conservation of Antarctic fauna and flora - Annex II updates the existing rules relating to protection of animals and plants (requiring a permit for taking or interfering with them) and relating to the introduction of non-indigenous organisms.
	www.aad.gov.au /default.asp?casid=78 (2778 words)

	Laws Governing Antarctic Tourism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Antarctic Treaty of 1959 addresses the protection of the environment and conservation of wildlife.
		Protection of Native Fauna - Within the Treaty Area it is prohibited to kill, wound, capture or molest any native mammal or bird, or any attempt at such an act, except in accordance with a permit.
		Further, the Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978 (U.S. Public Law 95-541) was adopted by the U.S. Congress to protect and preserve the ecosystem, flora and fauna of the continent, and to implement the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora.
	www.leeandkristin.net /Antarctica/Tour/Tourism_Laws.html (598 words)

	Environmental agreement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora [1]
		Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals [2]
		Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Multilateral_Environmental_Agreement (231 words)

	CONVENTION FOR THE CONSERVATION OF ANTARCTIC SEALS
		Summary of the "Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals" is available from the UNEP Register of International Treaties and Other Agreements in the Field of the Environment.
		The Contracting Parties agree that the species of seals enumerated in Article I shall not be killed or captured within the Convention area by their nationals or vessels under their respective flags except in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
		Article 10 SIGNATURE This Convention shall be open for signature at London from 1 June to 31 December 1972 by States participating in the Conference on the Conservation of Antarctic Seals held at London from 3 to 11 February 1972.
	sedac.ciesin.org /entri/texts/antarctic.seals.1972.html (2368 words)

	[No title]
		(b) Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to provide for the conservation and protection of the fauna and flora of Antarctica, and of the ecosystem upon which such fauna and flora depend, consistent with the Antarctic Treaty and the Protocol.
		Regulations -STATUTE- (a) Regulations to be issued by Director (1) The Director shall issue such regulations as are necessary and appropriate to implement Annex II and Annex V to the Protocol and the provisions of this chapter which implement those annexes, including section 2403(b)(2), (3), (4), and (5) of this title.
		Notification of travel to Antarctica -STATUTE- The Secretary of State shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary and appropriate to implement, with respect to United States citizens, paragraph 5 of Article VII of the Treaty pertaining to the filing of advance notifications of expeditions to, and within, Antarctica.
	uscode.house.gov /download/pls/16C44.txt (3355 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora
		The Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora is part of the
		objective - to further international collaboration within the framework of the Antarctic Treaty to promote and achieve the objectives of protection, scientific study, and rational use of these fauna and flora.
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Agreed_Measures_for_the_Conservation_of_Antarctic_Fauna_and_Flora.html (56 words)

	Antarctic Facts 14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This is a land that the Antarctic Treaty parties call a natural reserve, devoted to peace and science.
		The Antarctic Treaty came into force on 23 June 1961 after ratification by the twelve countries then active in Antarctic science.
		Consultative (voting) status is open to all countries that have demonstrated their commitment to the Antarctic by conducting significant research.
	www.2041.com /ant_facts/education_9.htm (215 words)

	CRS Ocean & Coastal Resources Briefing Book
		The primary purpose of the Antarctic Treaty is to ensure that "Antarctica shall continue forever to be used exclusively for peaceful purposes and shall not become the scene or object of international discord." The treaty provides for freedom of scientific research in Antarctica and promotes international cooperation toward that end.
		Among the separate agreements and conventions that have been adopted are the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora, the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals, and the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources.
		The Antarctic Science, Tourism, and Conservation Act of 1996 (').L. 104-227) was signed by the President on October 2, 1996 to implement the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty.
	www.ncseonline.org /nle/crsreports/briefingbooks/oceans/w.cfm (1166 words)

	Antarctic Protocol
		The Antarctic Treaty System is a network of international instruments including the Antarctic Treaty itself and several subsequent treaties adopted on the basis of the Antarctic Treaty.
		Its objectives are "to reaffirm the status of the Antarctica as a special conservation area, and to enhance the framework for the protection of the Antarctic environment with its dependent and associated ecosystems".
		It aims to protect the Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems, and preserve the intrinsic value of Antarctica – its aesthetic values as well as its status as a place of research.
	www.unep.ch /regionalseas/legal/antarc.htm (243 words)

	Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (1972) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Contracting Parties agree that the species of seals enumerated in Article 1 shall not be killed or captured within the Convention area by their nationals or vessels under their respective flags except in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
		This Convention shall be open for signature at London from 1 June to 31 December 1972 by States participating in the Conference on the Conservation of Antarctic Seals held at London from 3 to 11 February 1972.
		In the light of the available scientific and technical data,Contracting Parties agree to take appropriate steps to ensure that their nationals and vessels under their respective flags refrain from killing or capturing seals in the water, except in limited quantities to provide for scientific research in conformity with the objectives and principles of this Convention.
	www.antarctica.ac.uk /About_Antarctica/Treaty/Seals.html (2770 words)

	Conservation & Environmental Management
		The Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels (known as ACAP), is a multilateral agreement which seeks to conserve albatrosses and petrels by coordinating international activity to mitigate known threats to albatross and petrel populations.
		The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (known as the Madrid Protocol) was adopted in 1991 in response to proposals that the wide range of provisions relating to protection of the Antarctic environment should be harmonised in a comprehensive and legally binding form.
		The Madrid Protocol is part of the Antarctic Treaty System (known as the ATS) and it draws on, and updates, the Agreed Measures as well as subsequent Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting recommendations relating to protection of the environment.
	www.antarcticgateway.info /conservation/index.php (995 words)

	SCAR » Bulletin 128
		Conservation of the ecological and scientific values of this community are important reasons for special protection at Beaufort Island.
		Agreeing that pending entry into force of Annex V, proposals to designate and adopt management plans for the protection of historic or commemorative values should be viewed as proposals for the designation of Specially Protected Areas (SPAs) in accordance with the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Flora and Fauna;
		The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research and the Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs shall be represented by their respective Chairman or President, or other persons appointed to this end.
	www.scar.org /publications/bulletins/128 (10076 words)

	2
		Article IX 1(f) of the Antarctic Treaty cites 'preservation and conservation of living resources in Antarctica' as one of the matters upon which recommendations might be made to Consultative governments in furtherance of the principles and purposes of the Treaty.
		At the first Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting in 1961 it was agreed (Recommendation I-VIII) to consider the matter further and, as an interim measure, to recommend that the general rules SCAR had developed should be issued to Antarctic exped itions.
		Alien forms of flora and fauna should not be deliberately introduced except when rigidly controlled having regard to their chances of survival, capacity of reproduction and utilization by man.
	www.anta.canterbury.ac.nz /resources/handbook/vol2/2-3.html (5396 words)

	Wikinfo \| Antarctic Treaty System
		For the purposes of the treaty system, Antarctica is defined as all land and ice shelves south of the southern 60th parallel.
		Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora (1964) (entered into force in 1982)
		Images, some of which are used under the doctrine of Fair use or used with permission, may not be available.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Antarctic_Treaty (507 words)

	Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora
		The Representatives, taking into consideration Article IX of the Antarctic Treaty, and recalling Recommendation I-VIII of the First Consultative Meeting and Recommendation II-II of the Second Consultative Meeting, recommend to their Governments that they approve as soon as possible and implement without delay the annexed "Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora"
		These Agreed Measures shall apply to the same area to which the Antarctic Treaty is applicable (hereinafter referred to as the Treaty Area) namely the Area south of 60 degrees South Latitude, including all ice shelves.
		Poultry: Notwithstanding the provisions of Article IX (3) of these Agreed Measures, no living poultry shall be brought into the Treaty Area after July 1st 1966.
	www.oceanlaw.net /texts/antarctic1964.htm (2043 words)

	GEO-1: Chapter 3: Policy Responses and Directions: Polar Regions: Antarctic: International Agreements
		Under the Antarctic Treaty, a recommendation was made in 1964 on Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora.
		Protection of the Antarctic environment is further strengthened by the Protocol to the Antarctic Treaty on Environmental Protection (the Madrid Protocol), adopted in 1991 by States Parties to the Antarctic Treaty.
		The protocol builds on and rationalizes existing measures with the aim to ensure comprehensive protection of the Antarctic environment and dependent and associated ecosystems, including its value as an area for the conduct of scientific research.
	www.grida.no /geo1/ch/ch3_33.htm (535 words)

	Nearctica - Conservation - U.S. Code - Chapter 44
		(1) the Antarctic Treaty and the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora, adopted at the Third Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, have established a firm foundation for the continuation of international cooperation and the freedom of scientific investigation in Antarctica; and
		(2) the study of Antarctic fauna and flora, their adaptation to their rigorous environment, and their interrelationships with that environment has special scientific importance for all mankind.
		(1) The term "Agreed Measures" means the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora - (A) as recommended to the Consultative Parties for approval at the Third Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting; and (B) as amended from time to time in accordance with Article IX(1) of the Treaty.
	nearctica.com /conserve/uslaw/chap40s/chap44.htm (2428 words)

	Global Marine Litter Information Gateway ][ Regional ][ Antarctica
		The Antarctic Treaty came into force in 1961 after ratification by the twelve countries then active in Antarctic science.
		Both the Protocol and the CEP are the results of a continuously growing awareness within the Antarctic Treaty system of the importance of protecting the fragile Antarctic environment.
		CCAMLR then introduced a conservation measure requiring that the use of these bands, used mainly for securing bait boxes, be phased out on fishing vessels by 1995/96, and on all vessels in the Convention Area by 1996/97.
	marine-litter.gpa.unep.org /framework/region-21-next.htm (824 words)

	Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (1980)
		BEARING in mind the concern regarding the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources expressed by the Consultative Parties at the Ninth Consultative Meeting of the Antarctic Treaty and the importance of the provisions of Recommendation IX-2 which led to the establishment of the present Convention;
		of the Antarctic Treaty or by existing fisheries commissions responsible for species which may enter the area to which this Convention applies, in order that there shall be no inconsistency between the rights and obligations of a Contracting Party under such regulations or measures and conservation measures which may be adopted by the Commission.
		Conservation measures adopted by the Commission in accordance with this Convention shall be implemented by Members of the Commission in the following manner:
	www.internationalwildlifelaw.org /antarctic1980.html (4811 words)

	The Antarctic Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		A land which the Antarctic Treaty parties call a natural reserve, devoted to peace and science.
		Consultative (voting) status is open to all countries who have demonstrated their commitment to the Antarctic by conducting significant research.
		This introduction to the Antarctic Treaty was adopted at the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting in Peru, May/June 1999.
	www.bas.ac.uk /About_Antarctica/Treaty (350 words)

	Antarctic Protected Areas Information Archive - Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Activities in the Antarctic are regulated by the Antarctic Treaty (1961) which applies to the area south of 60° south latitude, including all islands and ice shelves.
		Under the Antarctic Treaty System, the concept of setting aside areas for special protection was first introduced by the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora (1964) in which Antarctica was designated as a 'Special Conservation Area'.
		The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, agreed in 1991 and entering into force in 1998, designated Antarctica as a 'natural reserve devoted to peace and science', and providing for comprehensive protection of the Antarctic environment.
	www.cep.aq /apa/introduction/information.html (428 words)

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