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Topic: Agricultural biotechnology

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	ERS/USDA Briefing Room - Agricultural Biotechnology
		Agricultural biotechnology is rewriting the rules in several key areas—agricultural research policy, industry structure, production and marketing, consumer preference, and world food demand—and public policy is struggling to keep up.
		Economic Issues in Agricultural Biotechnology—The emergence of agricultural biotechnology introduces new concerns about the supply of new technology and its impact on the marketplace New developments in marketing and contractual arrangements between farmers and grain and food processors will likely become critical issues as more genetically engineered (GE) crops enter the marketplace.
		Agricultural Biotechnology Intellectual Property—This database identifies and describes U.S. utility patents on inventions in biotechnology and other biological processes-with issue dates between 1976 and 2000-that are used in food and agriculture.
	www.ers.usda.gov /Briefing/biotechnology (940 words)

	BIO \| Frequently Asked Questions On Agricultural Biotechnology
		Agricultural biotechnology is an advanced technology that allows plant breeders to make precise genetic changes to impart beneficial traits to the crop plants we rely on for food and fiber.
		Biotechnology is a refinement of breeding techniques that have been used to improve plants for thousands of years.
		Agricultural biotechnology can be a key element in the fight against hunger and malnutrition in the developing world.
	www.bio.org /foodag/faq.asp (4450 words)

	AFBF Issues -- Biotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Agricultural biotechnology gives farmers another tool with which to accomplish their mission of producing food and fiber for a growing world.
		Agricultural biotechnology is a science that has evolved over hundreds of years, according to information contained in A Short Course on Biotechnology, published by Novartis Seeds, Inc. Gregor Mendel, in the 1860s, discovered the basic laws of genetics.
		Through the application of agricultural biotechnology new agricultural crops are being developed to help combat human diseases, to promote human health, to combat animal diseases, to fight world hunger and to protect the environment.
	www.fb.org /issues/biotech/biotech_farmers.html (3991 words)

	31 Critical Questions in Agricultural Biotechnology
		In the developed Western countries, advances such as hybridization, agricultural chemicals, and farm machinery have boosted production per acre of farmland to the point where it appears that the amount of food per acre has reached the limit of the ability of crop plants to convert sunlight to energy.
		Put simply, this may appear unlikely (and may indeed be unlikely in the short term), as the development of agricultural biotechnology is carried out primarily by large multinational corporations.
		GM crops are only tools in the struggle for sustainable agricultural initiatives in developing countries, but they are a critical tool because of their ease to use and their dramatic yield increases, especially when arable land is scarce.
	www.agbioworld.org /biotech-info/articles/agbio-articles/critical.html (9571 words)

	ific.org : Agricultural Biotechnology: Myths & Facts
		The main difference is that modern biotechnology is much more precise and the range of traits that can be imparted to improve plants is much broader than when conventional breeding is used.
		Because the traits being transferred using modern biotechnology are fewer and more predictable than when hybridization is used, scientists have a better understanding of the changes being made and are in a better position to assess safety.
		Since the introduction of foods enhanced through biotechnology nearly 10 years ago, rigorous testing and regulation have ensured that these foods are as safe as or safer than the foods we have been eating for centuries.
	ific.org /publications/other/biotechmythsom.cfm (5376 words)

	Biotechnology and Agricultural Cooperatives: Choices and (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		While the new agricultural biotechnologies can be viewed as just another set of tools being used in agriculture, they also must be viewed as more than that, because they will generate or accelerate social changes as well as technological changes.
		Linked to the increasingly competitive agricultural environment are issues concerning the shift of research to the private sector and the increasing role of intellectual property rights, mergers and joint ventures, increasing demands for value added, globalization of technologies, the broadened range of technology choices, and the consequences for everyone involved.
		Agricultural economist Michael Cook has formulated seven alternative categories for cooperatives which help describe the various activities of cooperatives today, and provides an indication of a cooperative's size, money, and influence - all factors that are becoming key to participation in agricultural biotechnology.
	web1.msue.msu.edu /msue/imp/modrr/rr552098.html (16652 words)

	UC Davis - Biotechnology Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The Biotechnology Program has matured since it was created in 1986 to become a core unit of the infrastructure of the UC Davis campus.
		Biotechnology is no longer a fledging technology; it is a driving force in the region and the state, as well as the world.
		Richard Michelmore – Professor of Genetics in Plant Sciences-Vegetable Crops, in the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and Founding Director and the Novozymes Chair in Genomics in the UC Davis Genome Center in the Division of Biological Sciences.
	www.biotech.ucdavis.edu (1120 words)

	Agricultural Biotechnology
		Through the application of modern techniques of biotechnology to agriculture, breeders can make precise genetic changes that impart beneficial properties to the crop plants, trees, fish, and animals which provide us with food and fiber.
		Agricultural biotechnology helps farmers increase yields, enabling them to produce more food per acre and reduces the need for chemicals, pesticides, water, and tilling, thereby providing benefits to the environment as well as to the health and livelihood of farmers.
		Agricultural biotechnology holds great promise to boost food production in both the developed and the developing world and to reduce agricultural vulnerability to the impact of pests, viruses, and drought.
	www.state.gov /e/eb/tpp/c10322.htm (299 words)

	Annotated Database of WWW Sites Pertaining to Agricultural/Environmental Biotechnology
		A working group of scientists committed to objectively educating the public on agricultural biotechnology and genetically modified foods; provides an unbiased and balanced viewpoint on biotechnology and genetically modified foods or organisms in a manner that can be understood by the average consumer.
		IRRI is a non-profit agricultural research and training center established to improve the well-being of present and future generations of rice farmers and consumers, particularly those with low incomes.
		Established to be an independent and objective source of credible information on agricultural biotechnology for the public, media and policymakers; supports informed public dialogue on ways that the regulatory system may need to evolve to address the issues posed by the anticipated development of this new technology and the growing body of scientific knowledge.
	gophisb.biochem.vt.edu /othersites/indexlinksdblevel1.cfm (3657 words)

	Agricultural Biotechnology, UM Libraries
		Scope: Biotechnology -- the use of genetically engineered organisms -- is being applied to major aspects of agriculture including the development of food crops and livestock, as well as enhancing the nutritional quality of foods and reducing the need for toxic pesticides and herbicides.
		Government departments and agencies such as the United States Department of Agriculture and the National Agricultural Library (NAL) publish lists of articles, reports, books, and other materials related to agricultural biotechnology.
		SCI is an international interdisciplinary index to the literature of science, medicine, agriculture, technology, and the behavioral sciences.
	www.lib.umd.edu /MCK/GUIDES/ag_biotech.html (1239 words)

	ERS/USDA - Biotechnology Feature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The rate of biotechnology development and adoption continues to accelerate, with colored cotton, anti-cancer tomatoes, and bananas with diarrhea vaccine all in the pipeline.
		Economic Issues in Agricultural Biotechnology—This report explores some implications for grades and standards for genetically engineered products, as well as the extent of biotechnology adoption by U.S. farmers and some of the farm-level effects.
		Concentration and Technology in Agricultural Input Industries—Recent data on mergers, acquisitions, and strategic collaborations in the agricultural biotechnology industry, as well as the emergence of "life science" conglomerates, indicate some level of consolidation.
	www.ers.usda.gov /Features/Biotech.htm (330 words)

	Agricultural Biotechnology Home Page
		The primary purpose of the baccalaureate degree program in Agricultural Biotechnology is to train students in modern cellular and molecular biology and genetic engineering.
		The challenges of biotechnology are to expand its usefulness by identifying and cloning new genes and traits, developing new diagnostic tests and vaccines, and continuing to use these tools to better understand the plants, animals, and microbes that make up our world.
		Biotechnology encompasses cellular and molecular approaches to the manipulation and improvement of agricultural plants, animals and microorganisms, and the control of agricultural pests and diseases.
	www.uky.edu /Agriculture/Biotechnology (274 words)

	Agricultural Biotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Review of Biotechnology in Agriculture: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Conservation, Credit, Rural Development, and Research of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, second session, June 23, 2004.
		Regulating agricultural biotechnology in the United States and European Union." Virginia Journal of Social Policy and the Law.
		Agricultural Biotechnology: An Electronic Journal of the U.S. Department of State.
	www.michigan.gov /hal/0,1607,7-160-18835_18897-52845--,00.html (541 words)

	"AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY," Economic Perspectives, September 2003 - U.S. State Department
		That is still the goal of agricultural biotechnology, which can be an important tool in reducing hunger and feeding the planet's expanding and longer-living population, while reducing the adverse environmental effects of farming practices.
		In a supportive policy and regulatory environment, biotechnology has enormous potential to create crops that resist extreme weather, diseases and pests; require fewer chemicals; and are more nutritious for the humans and livestock that consume them.
		In June 2003, agriculture, health and environment ministers from over 110 countries gathered in California and learned first hand how technology, including biotechnology, can increase productivity and reduce global hunger.
	usinfo.state.gov /journals/ites/0903/ijee/ijee0903.htm (273 words)

	Agricultural Biotechnology - US Department of State
		Addressing West African government officials and cotton producers January 13 in Bamako, Mali, Butler also said economic development questions linked to cotton should be kept separate from the trade policy track being negotiated in the World Trade Organization (WTO).
		Three U.S. agencies are responsible for regulating agricultural biotechnology, and they are working to assure industry, consumers and other groups both in the United States and abroad that genetically engineered crops, animal vaccines and other products are "rigorously regulated for safety," Chuck Lambert, deputy under secretary of agriculture for regulatory programs, tells a Senate panel.
		Agriculture Nominee Urged by Senators to End Japan's Beef Ban
	usinfo.state.gov /ei/economic_issues/biotechnology.html (365 words)

	Transgenic Crops: An Introduction and Resource Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Agricultural Biotechnology and the Poor: Proceedings from an international conference.
		Agriculture in the Classroom: http://www.agclassroom.org/ This education-oriented site has resources for teachers including lesson plans, discussion boards, and links to other resources.
		It is sponsored by the USDA and state agriculture funds and gets input from a variety of farm-related and agribusiness groups.
	www.colostate.edu /programs/lifesciences/TransgenicCrops/links.html (2047 words)

	ABSP Agricultural Biotechnology Primer: Intellectual Property and Agricultural Biotechnology
		The most commonly used, and controversial, types of protection in agricultural biotechnology are PVP and patents.
		USAID, through the Agricultural Biotechnology Support Project (ABSP) has focused on the development and implementation of national policies and laws, but has focused most of its efforts on developing proper institutional capacity.
		Because of its emphasis on the development of appropriate agricultural technologies, issues of technology access and management have been critical to the project.
	www.iia.msu.edu /absp/biotech-ipr.html (913 words)

	Biotechnology in Food and Agriculture
		The 60th General Assembly of the United Nations has begun and it is scheduled to discuss a total of 156 agenda items before...
		An international dialogue on “Agricultural and rural development in the 21st century: Lessons from the past and policies for the...
		The focus of the seminar is the “Application of biotechnology to zoonotic disease diagnosis” and it is organised jointly with the...
	www.fao.org /biotech/index.asp (498 words)

	National Agricultural Biotechnology Council
		The National Agricultural Biotechnology Council has been hosting annual public meetings about the safe, ethical, and efficacious development of agricultural biotechnology products since its formation by the Boyce Thompson Institute in collaboration with Cornell University, Iowa State University, and the University of California-Davis in 1988.
		Today the organization, a not-for-profit consortium of 36 leading agricultural research and teaching governmental agencies/institutions/universities in the U.S. and Canada, continues to provide all stakeholders the opportunity to speak, to listen, and to learn about the issues surrounding agricultural biotechnology.
		NABC 18: Agricultural Biotechnology: Job Creation and Workforce Development
	nabc.cals.cornell.edu /?CFID=17934268&CFTOKEN=99662826 (115 words)

	Agricultural Biotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		AgBioSafety - University of Nebraska, Lincoln - source of scientific, regulatory and educational materials relevant to crop biotechnology and the current debate on the genetic modification of food.
		Agricultural Biotechnology Communicators - from U.S. land grant colleges and universities, specifying the issues associated with agricultural biotechnology.
		Agriculture Network Information Center - AgNIC is a guide to quality agricultural information on the Internet as selected by the National Agricultural Library, Land-Grant Universities, and other institutions.
	ag.arizona.edu /biotechnology/agbiotech.html (220 words)

	The Biotechnology Information Resource
		AgNIC partners in collaboration are the University of Maryland Libraries and the National Agricultural Library (NAL).
		Welcome to the Biotechnology Information Resource (BIC) WWW site from the National Agricultural Library of the US Department of Agriculture - ARS - providing access to selected sources, services and publications covering many aspects of agricultural biotechnology.
		Agricultural Biotechnology: Updated Benefits Estimates NCFAP, JE Carpenter and LP Gianessi, Jan 2001
	www.nal.usda.gov /bic (568 words)

	abc \| Agricultural Biotechnology Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The companies involved with the development of agricultural biotechnology recognise that the introduction of crops and foods made with biotechnology has raised concerns in the UK.
		We also recognise that the success of any new technology needs to be based on respect for public interest, opinions and any concerns.
		The agricultural biotechnology industry has therefore joined together to extend its information and education activities through a new knowledge and resource service, the Agricultural Biotechnology Council (abc).
	www.abcinformation.org (147 words)

	Socioeconomics and Agricultural Biotechnology
		Interviewing scientists, farmers, biotech and food industry representatives, government regulators, and critics of biotechnology, this two‑hour report presents both sides of the debate, exploring the risks and benefits, the hopes and fears, of this new technology.
		Using biotechnology, genes ‑ the very codes of life ‑ can be moved, changed, turned off, or even taken out of cells.
		This resource includes a good background section for educators with a brief history of food biotechnology, information on federal regulations and labeling and guidance on leading discussions on the issues surrounding biotechnology.
	www.ca.uky.edu /brei/Teach/louisville.htm (1908 words)

	Agricultural biotechnology: will it help?
		Modern biotechnology also includes an array of tools for introducing or deleting a particular gene or genes to produce plants, animals and micro-organisms with novel traits.
		Both traditional and modern biotechnologies result in plants, animals and micro-organisms with combinations of genes that would not have come about without human intervention.
		A plant or an animal resistant to a particular disease can be produced through a "traditional" breeding programme, that is, through crosses with resistant relatives, selection and backcrossing again, or by the introduction of a gene that confers the resistance through genetic engineering.
	www.fao.org /english/newsroom/focus/2003/gmo1.htm (697 words)

	FABI -The Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Commercial Agriculture dates back to the early European settlement in the Cape Peninsula where gardens were established to replenish supplies of fresh produce for ships travelling via Cape Town to Asia.
		The Forestry and Agricultural Industries have a long and successful history and are seen as major accomplishments in a country that is plagued by intermittent drought and a relatively low percentage of its land- mass available for planting of crops.
		Opportunities for Forestry and Agriculture that have emerged in recent times from the application of various biotechnologies are immense, and almost beyond imagination.
	fabinet.up.ac.za (1180 words)

	Agricultural Biotechnology Communicators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Join us in an informative discussion about agricultural biotechnology and its many effects on different areas of everyday life.
		This Web site is brought to you by a group of U.S. agricultural schools known as state or land grant colleges and universities.
		Our goal is to make information on agricultural biotechnology available to the public and to participate in the dialogue about the benefits and risks of this new technology, which fast is becoming a part of our everyday lives.
	agribiotech.info (147 words)

	Purdue Agricultural Biotechnology
		Go to this site to find some Purdue perspectives on agricultural biotechnology on the table, in the field, in debate, and in the laboratory.
		esearch in biotechnology rapidly advances our understanding of life sciences, but it also raises safety and ethical questions.
		Toward this end, the Purdue University College of Agriculture and the Cooperative Extension Service have developed and introductory course in biotechnology to be delivered via distance education.
	www.agriculture.purdue.edu /teachers/hort590 (255 words)

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