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Topic: Agricultural extension

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	Agricultural Extension Fact Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The agricultural extension major is designed to combine general education, skills in working with people, and a broad background in various disciplines in agriculture.
		Agricultural extension majors complete a nine-week internship after most other course work is completed.
		A general agriculture degree requires only three additional courses beyond the agricultural extension requirements, but students are encouraged to double major in their area of primary interest.
	www.ndsu.edu /ndsu/academic/factsheets/ag/agext.shtml (745 words)

	FAO: SD : Knowledge : Global trends in agricultural extension: challenges facing Asia and the Pacific region. Part 1.
		The communities, therefore, must be educated and prepared to adjust their agricultural operations within the context of globalisation, a burden which, by and large, the national agricultural extension systems will have to carry, and they must prepare themselves in time to meet the imminent challenge.
		Commercial agriculture has been practised for centuries in all parts of the world, by individual farmers holding vast pieces of land, by colonial powers in their respective colonies, by socialist and communist regimes through state farms and cooperatives, and by commercial agricultural companies, both national and international.
		Agricultural extension services can exploit this potential to strengthen their own capacities and to educate the rural populations who have access to media.
	www.fao.org /sd/2002/KN0903a_en.htm (4334 words)

	World Bank Agricultural Extension Projects in Kenya - Operations Evaluation Department - The World Bank
		The extension system has not been responsive to the types of information farmers want, and the relevance of the advice to the needs of a broad range of farmers is questionable.
		Extension activities under NEP-I and II have had little influence on the evolution of the patterns of awareness and adoption of recommendations.
		While extension possibly had an early positive impact in the spread of simple technological messages to the previously less productive and under-served areas, this impact cannot be conclusively established with the current data.
	lnweb18.worldbank.org /OED/OEDDocLib.nsf/DocUNIDViewForJavaSearch/FE0BD5B2A1C6BE2C852568BD00683FE9?opendocument (1861 words)

	Agricultural Extension and Research in India
		The TandV system differed from earlier approaches to agricultural extension in India mainly in the responsibilities that were assigned to the front-line field officers in the villages and in the organizational structure of the state's extension services.
		Extension staff are easier to recruit, and their salaries easier to pay, if their required educational level is quite low.
		Extension recommendations can rarely be effectively programmed at the macro (state or provincial) level and must be adapted to the farming systems in each agroecological zone; this implies adjustments, at least, at the district and subdivisional levels.
	wbln0018.worldbank.org /oed/oeddoclib.nsf/fb71ec897615187985256885007b6ad0/eb55cfcc14c93320852567f5005d818d?OpenDocument (2001 words)

	[No title]
		The Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry is the central organisation of the Government for agricultural extension That ministry is to establish a department of agricultural extension.
		The implementation of extension at various levels is to be done by way of contracts with scientists, technicians, and economic managers of science and research institutes, colleges, economic organisations, etc. Farmers with successful production experience are to be encouraged to participate in extension activities.
		Funds for agricultural extension are to be used for: - Learning and training, establishment of technical demonstrations, and propagation of agricultural extension; - Purchase of equipment used for extension activities; - Wages and allowances for staff; - Payment for other activities carried nut by agricultural extension organisations at various levels.
	coombs.anu.edu.au /~vern/luat/english/Gov-13CP-ag-extension.txt (892 words)

	AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION EDUCATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Extension education is an applied behavioural science, the knowledge of which is applied to bring about desirable changes in the behavioural complex of human beings usually through various strategies & programmes of change & by applying the latest scientific & technological innovations.
		Extension education has now developed as a full-fledged discipline, having its own philosophy, objectives, principles, methods & techniques which must be understood by every extension worker & others connected with the rural development.
		The end-product of the effort of extension teaching is the satisfaction that comes to the farmer, his wife or youngsters as the result of solving a problem, meeting a need, acquiring a new skill or some other changes in behaviour.
	www.krishiworld.com /html/agri_extension_edu1.html (874 words)

	Trends in Agricultural Extension
		Extension planning should shift from its present emphasis on administrative directives, to identifying ways to strengthen t links between the satisfaction of the extension agent and the satisfaction of the farmer.
		Its extension strategies and messages are specifically tailored based on the results of a participatory problem identification process on the causes or reasons of farmers' non-adoption, or inappropriate practice, of a given recommended agricultural technology or innovation.
		Studies on agricultural extension have highlighted that women's marginalization from these services is closely inter-related to their lack of access to land and credit..
	www.manage.gov.in /managelib/extdig/Jan99Trends.htm (8752 words)

	Findings 117-Madagascar: Agricultural Extension in Madagascar": Broadening Services, Leveraging Partnerships (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The extension system referred to as Training and Visitation (TandV), which is currently widely used in Africa, emerged from and was launched from the initiatives of the 1980s to support agricultural extension.
		The Agricultural Extension Program Support project participates regularly in consultations between the Ministry, farmers’ organizations, and donors (the World Bank, French and German development agencies) with a view to creating a co-managed mechanism for the training of farmers and technicians.
		Extension through the dissemination of simple technologies at the grassroots without financial risks certainly constitutes an important stage in the process of apprenticeship and the training of farmers.
	www.worldbank.org /afr/findings/english/find117.htm (1278 words)

	Amazon.com: Agricultural Extension: Books: A. W. Van Den Ban,Helen S. Hawkins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Agricultural Extension is a thorough, practical handbook that explains the purpose, importance, and far-reaching effects of agricultural extension throughout the world.
		Agricultural Extension is highly recommended for undergraduate and postgraduate students of agricultural or rural development studies in departments of agriculture, agricultural economics, geography, development studies, and rural sociology, agricultural extension educators and researchers, and other professionals working with extension in government and associated organizations.
		Agriculture and agricultural extension are facing a number of serious problems in the present era for which it is not easy to find good solutions.
	www.amazon.com /Agricultural-Extension-Van-Den-Ban/dp/063204053X (836 words)

	FAO: SD : Knowledge : Agricultural extension, rural development and the food security challenge
		The purpose of this publication is to highlight the important role of agricultural and rural extension in the fight against hunger.
		Extension is seen as a broad effort directed at rural development linking with other sectors, and not just as an agricultural technology transfer service.
		An analysis of the transforming agricultural and rural extension, rural development and food security issues is followed by a set of recommendations that the Member Countries may consider in outlining their food security policies.
	www.fao.org /sd/dim_kn3/kn3_040301_en.htm (187 words)

	ERS/USDA Data - Trends in Extension Staffing
		Total Extension staffing data are presented in terms of full-time equivalent staff (FTEs) for the 48 contiguous U.S. States and for 4 major regions for the 1977-97 time period.
		Extension information and activities in the natural resource area are likely to have a more public good nature, benefiting society beyond individual producers.
		This is especially true for agricultural practices that are viewed as sustainable and for which there is little profit motive for the private farm operator.
	www.ers.usda.gov /data/extension (591 words)

	Challenges to Decentralisation of Agricultural Extension
		Extension managers become closer to the client but not necessarily more attentive to their problems.
		Because decentralisation of extension is often part of a sweeping reorganisation of government central services, the transition problems are not specific to extension.
		Agricultural extension is not a high priority for local governments.
	www.ciesin.org /decentralization/English/Issues/Agrextension.html (2721 words)

	Rural Women and Agricultural Extension in the Sahel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The importance of women's activities for the social and economic well-being of rural households justifies the use of publicly funded agricultural services to help women with activities and complementary services that are outside pure agricultural extension.
		Extension and agricultural support services must identify, work with, and learn from their female clients.
		Agricultural extension services cannot supply the wide range of information and training that women require and therefore collaboration with other agencies is essential.
	www.worldbank.org /afr/findings/english/find46.htm (2005 words)

	Agricultural Extension on the Web
		Before these Extension services combined such data and made it Web-accessible, it was not possible to view data layers created by multiple units of a state government in one place.
		Extension is part of Agency Y and needs content from Agency X but X does not talk to Y because they compete for the minister's attention and funds.
		Agricultural Extension services around the world have a historic opportunity to help farmers alleviate hunger, protect the land and run profitable operations, in the short-term.
	web.aces.uiuc.edu /AIM/john/CISCE2002.html (4918 words)

	Gender - Agricultural Extension
		As a next step, agricultural extension services in the countries need to retool to address these differences by training and employing more women as extension agents, as well as facilitating and increasing interaction between male extension agents and women farmers.
		Engage a woman agent to start extension activities with a group to overcome initial resistance and hand it over to a male agent when the group is established and running.
		In designing projects for agricultural extension, it is helpful to address the following issues by interviewing stakeholders through a series of direct and, more often, indirect questions suited to each circumstance.
	web.worldbank.org /WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTGENDER/0,,contentMDK:20208259~pagePK:210058~piPK:210062~theSitePK:336868,00.html (1591 words)

	Agricultural Extension Education (M.Agr.) - Online & Distance Learning \| Colorado State Continuing Education
		This program is a professional degree administered by the College of Agricultural Sciences in cooperation with several departments, both within and outside the college.
		The program in extension education is designed for those who wish to pursue a career in Cooperative Extension or careers where a combination of disciplines is desired.
		Those who wish to pursue a career in Cooperative Extension, but it is often appropriate for others who have career objectives in which a combination of disciplines is desired.
	www.learn.colostate.edu /degrees/agriculture.asp (710 words)

	Title
		The Extension support is to be strengthened through NGOs, FOs intervention as also augmentation of research-extension-farmer linkages at various levels.
		Extension were started during the Eighth Plan period whereas the schemes of ITK and FOs are being implemented since 1998-99.
		The scheme is being implemented in all the states with active technical back up from the research organizations such as SAUs, ICAR Institutes, etc. The district level extension scenario is being activated by involving 50 NGOs in 21 states and 18 FOs in 8 States and integrating their efforts for wider dissemination.
	www.agricoop.nic.in /direct6.htm (185 words)

	World Bank Group \| Agriculture & Rural Development \| Agricultural Extension
		Extension and rural information services provide critical access to the knowledge and information that rural people need to increase the productivity and sustainability of their production systems, and thus improve the quality of their lives and livelihoods.
		A growing consensus has recognized that agricultural extension systems must be pluralistic networks of institutions providing varied information and innovation services to rural peoples.
		Such extension systems must be demand-driven with closer linkages to clients, must become more efficient, and must develop more sustainable sources of financing.
	lnweb18.worldbank.org /ESSD/ardext.nsf/11ByDocName/TopicsAgriculturalExtension (283 words)

	Cornell Cooperative Extension (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		For home owners in the country, this may not be an issue, but in a subdivision with homes nearby, a generator running all night long could spawn complaints from neighbors.
		Extension cords will be needed and must be properly sized for the load they are expected to carry.
		This project receives support from the College of Human Ecology and Cornell Cooperative Extension; several CCE educators are assisting in its preliminary stages.
	www.cce.cornell.edu (1187 words)

	UNH Cooperative Extension - Agriculture
		Agricultural firms produce a wide variety of crops, plants, livestock products and specialty foods for sale directly to consumers and through a variety of intermediate markets.
		UNH Extension professionals understand the challenges and opportunities faced by the state’s farms and have forged important partnerships within the state and region as well as nationally.
		University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension program goals related to agriculture can be found in current plan of work.
	extension.unh.edu /Agric/Agric.htm (488 words)

	Agricultural & Extension Education
		Agricultural education majors are in constant demand due to the rapidly changing educational needs of the agricultural and natural resources industries.
		Requirements for a minor in Agricultural Education: 22 hours are required to meet the requirements of the minor in agricultural education.
		Courses in the agricultural mechanization minor are taught jointly by faculty in the Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department and the Agricultural and Extension Education Department.
	www.uark.edu /admin/urelinfo/CatalogofStudies/OLD_CATALOGS/98-99/bumpers/AEED.html (2472 words)

	Agricultural Extension Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This section has the mandate to advise, educate and inform farmers on all new adapted technologies in the agricultural field, as well as of current affairs of the ministry.
		The Unit has 6 Extension Agents who are responsible for the 6 farming regions of Seychelles.
		Routine extension visits to farmers to discuss technical issues and offer advice on a one-to-one basis.
	www.cta.int /partners/mamr/Agricexten.htm (155 words)

	Texas Cooperative Extension, the Texas A&M University System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Extension offers practical, how-to education based on university research.
		You may read it in the newspaper, hear it on the radio, attend an Extension workshop, order a publication, or just call your county Extension office!
		Call, drop by, write or e-mail your county Extension office.
	texasextension.tamu.edu (84 words)

	MacroScope and agricultural extension (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Agricultural extension workers advise farmers on technical subjects such as crop selection, the use of agrochemicals, mechanization, pest control, soil conditions, and marketing opportunities.
		For example, extension workers in Indonesia are often asked questions about which crops to plant.
		The result was "MacroScope", a new kind of computer application, created for agricultural extension staff in developing countries who have had little or no prior experience with computers.
	www.ic.arizona.edu /~lansing/agriculturalext.htm (541 words)

	UNH Cooperative Extension - Agriculture - Agricultural Business Management
		Extension agricultural business management efforts focus on enhancing agricultural profitability and managing farm risks.
		Enhancing agricultural producers’ sales by improving their understanding of market options and customer demand.
		New England conferences have served as professional training for agricultural industry leaders with participation from university and agency personnel.
	extension.unh.edu /Agric/AGBMgmt.htm (494 words)

	Agricultural Extension and Rural Development Research Institute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Agricultural Extension and Rural Development Research Institute (AERDRI) was established in 1977.
		The main goal of AERDRI is to develop the agricultural extension service, considered the cornerstone for promoting agricultural productivity.
		The main objectives involve the development of agricultural extension programs that are timely and meet the needs of a growing Egypt amidst a changing global environment.
	potato.claes.sci.eg /arc/aerdri.HTM (122 words)

	CTA Observatory: ICTs - transforming agricultural extension?
		To establish an inventory and state-of-the art assessment on the use of ICTs in agricultural extension, including a collection of success stories and good practice examples from ACP countries;
		To assess the role and potential of modern ICTs in the context of changing paradigms and emerging new actors for agricultural extension;
		To identify challenges and constraints to the greater use of ICTs in agricultural extension, and to show ways of overcoming these constraints;
	www.cta.int /observatory2003/objectives.htm (188 words)

	Welcome to K-State Research and Extension
		It is the policy of Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service that all persons shall have opportunity and access to its educational programs, services, activities, and materials without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, or disability.
		Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, as amended.
		Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and United States Department of Agriculture Cooperating, Fred A. Cholick, Director.
	www.oznet.ksu.edu (132 words)

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