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Topic: Akan (ethnic group)

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	Tension in Ghana: The Solution is ....
		Ethnic rivalries of the pre-colonial era, variance in the impact of colonialism upon different regions of the country, and therefore different ethnic groups of Ghana, and the uneven distribution of social and economic amenities in post-independent Ghana have all contributed to the growing ethnic tensions in present-day Ghana.
		Ethnic political consciousness caused the defeat of the NDC in the Central Region and it was a political event in Ghana that demonstrated the power of ethnicity in African politics.
		In Ghana, the Ewes and the Asantes epitomize ethnic rivalry.
	www.ghanaweb.com /GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=97142 (4980 words)

	1998 Human Rights Report - Cote D'Ivoire Country Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Groups that wish to hold demonstrations or rallies are required by law to submit a notice of their intent to do so to the Ministry of Security or the Ministry of Interior 48 hours before the proposed event.
		The Akan family made up more than 40 percent of the citizenry, according to the 1988 census; the largest Akan ethnic group, and the largest ethnic group in the country, was the Baoule, to which perhaps one-fourth of all citizens belong.
		Members of northern ethnic groups that are found in neighboring countries as well as in Cote d'Ivoire are often required to document their citizenship, whereas members of ethnic groups seldom found in other countries, including the Baoule, reportedly do not have this problem.
	www.usemb.se /human/human1998/cotedivo.html (9681 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Ashanti in Ghana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Ashanti are the largest ethnic group in Ghana (28% of the population), followed by the Ewe, the Fanti, and the Ga (Saaka 1994).
		Though the Ashanti were opposed to the Rawlings' government, there were few clashes, virtually none in the 1990s, between the group and the government or other ethnic groups in the country.
		Ethnic groups (particularly ethnic groups of southern Ghana including the Akan, the Guan, the Ga, and the Ewe) in Ghana developed a strong popular resistance and rebellion against any form of injustice due to experiences under colonial rule.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=45201 (986 words)

	Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2000 - Cote d'Ivoire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Groups were required to have authorization from both Ministries to hold a demonstration, and the authorization must be requested in writing 3 days in advance of the event.
		The Akan family made up more than 42 percent of the citizenry; the largest Akan ethnic group, and the largest ethnic group in the country, is the Baoule.
		Members of northern ethnic groups that are found in neighboring countries as well as in the country often are required to document their citizenship, whereas members of historically or currently politically powerful ethnic groups of the south and west reportedly do not have this problem.
	www.usemb.se /human/2000/africa/cote_d_ivoire.html (20612 words)

	Cote d'Ivoire
		Christian sub groups found in the country included the Roman Catholic Church, the Jehovah's Witnesses, the Seventh-day Adventist Church, the Southern Baptist Church, the Coptics, and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons).
		The Akan ethnic group, which included the Baoule and Agni people, tended to be Catholic.
		As with Muslim groups, President Gbagbo continued to meet frequently with traditional chiefs to listen to their concerns; however, such meetings were also unsuccessful in bridging the deep political and ethnic divisions and promoting greater social inclusion of all religions.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71297.htm (3638 words)

	Akuapem People
		Akan is a generic term which refers to a large number of linguistically related peoples.
		The rise of the early Akan centralized states can be traced to the 13th century and is related to the opening of trade routes established to move gold throughout the region.
		Akan mythology claims that at one time the god freely interacted with man, but that after being continually struck by the pestle of an old woman pounding fufu, he moved far up into the sky.
	www.uiowa.edu /~africart/toc/people/Akuapem.html (621 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Akan
		Akan, people of W Africa, primarily in Ghana, where they number over 7.5 million, Côte d'Ivoire, and Togo.
		It is inhabited by the Ashanti, a matrilineal Akan people who constitute one of Ghana's major ethnic groups.
		Fanti, fl African ethnic group, S Ghana, living around Cape Coast and Elmina, one of the Akan peoples.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Akan (426 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Ewe in Ghana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		There has not been a history of ethnic conflict among the various groups of Ghana, and the type of ethnic retaliation that is found in other states when a new party comes to power may not occur.
		The Ewe is the second largest ethnic group in Ghana, next to the Ashanti.
		As the politically advantaged group in the country, the Ewe appear to be willing to work within the political process to have their individual demands addressed via whichever party they feel can accomplish this.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=45202 (960 words)

	Language, culture and development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Akan is one of the major languages of Ghana, spoken as mother tongue by 44% of the total population (Grimes 1992:263) in vast areas of the south of the country, amounting to approx.
		The remarkable rise of Akan to a full-fledged literary language during the latter 19th and early 20th century, while enjoying the support of the Basel mission and in the 1920-ies of the colonial government, has its roots in Christaller's and some of his colleagues' seminal work.
		In current policy, Akan is the medium of instruction during the first three years of primary school and is taught as a subject for examination throughout the whole curriculum.
	www.unizh.ch /spw/afrling/akandic/adetails.htm (4212 words)

	THE POLITICS OF IDENTITY AND VIOLENCE IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE
		The Akan group, as a language community, in Côte d’Ivoire belongs to the branch of the Niger-Congo language family and most of them in Côte d’Ivoire are descendents of eighteenth century migrants from the Ashante kingdom.
		The political group is represented by Bédié, the ideological by Niamkey Koffi, and the economic by the eminent historian Jean-Noël Loucou.
		Certain ethnic groups with certain cultural and religious orientations could not be accommodated in the national discourse of identity as that was antithetical to the interests of the regime in Abidjan.
	www.africaresource.com /war/issue5/konate.htm (8226 words)

	Ghana Major Ethnic Groups
		Historical accounts suggest that Akan groups migrated from the north to occupy the forest and coastal areas of the south as early as the thirteenth century.
		The relative homogeneity of Akan cultures, languages, and authority structures has not led to political unity; the most important conflicts of the Akan in precolonial and colonial times, for example, were with other Akan groups.
		The development of the Asante Empire, for example, was largely at the expense of the independence of the surrounding Akan, who were quick to reassert their autonomy, especially after 1896, when Asante was defeated and its king, the asantehen (king of Asante), was exiled to the Seychelles by the British.
	www.country-studies.com /ghana/major-ethnic-groups.html (873 words)

	An exploratory ethnobotanical study of the practice of herbal medicine by the Akan Peoples of Ghana Alternative ...
		The Akan is a collective name for a number of tribes in Ghana who occupy the region bounded by the Black Volta River in the north, the Gulf of Guinea in the south, the Camoe River in the west, and the Volta River in the east.
		Within the natural world, the Akan see the earth, plants, stones, and bodies of water as containing their own individual sunsum, giving each a unique essence; (4) natural phenomena can also be inhabited by spirit-powers (obosom).
		Traditional Akan medicine has its roots in a cosmology where there is no clear conceptual distinction between the physical world and the supernatural world.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FDN/is_2_10/ai_n14731873 (888 words)

	The Peoples of Africa
		The authority of the group does not rest with one individual but resides in the collectivity and is expressed through various secret societies or, more accurately, societies of secrets.
		The Yoruba are rich in the variety of their traditions and value and there have been major wars and rivalries among the various ethnic groups, but the cultural unity has remained through thousands of years.
		When there is an important activity, the group always remembers the ancestors through the ceremonial ritual called "libation." In this ceremony, the priest or elder pours water or some other liquid on the ground while reciting a prayer and calling to the ancestral spirits to extend their blessings.
	www.africawithin.com /jeffries/aapart9.htm (1051 words)

	Ghana Web
		Religion is at the root of Akan culture and forms the basis of their life and thought.
		The Akan family is an unbroken clan that includes not only the living, but also the dead and the unborn.
		In earlier Akan traditional beliefs, the Kra was thought of as an ancestral spirit which left the Supreme Being in a farewell ceremony in heaven so that it might be reborn in a child of its mother’s family.
	colanmc.siu.edu /BAS495/students/chris/ghweb.html (2150 words)

	Resources on the Akan
		Bambara of Sudan, FARO; the Ibo of Nigeria, CHUKWU; the Akan of Ghana...
		...theology, and ethics of the Akan of Ghana...
		Akan is an ethnic group from western Africa.
	www.mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/african/Akan.html (1122 words)

	1519: Ghana at 49
		I have proposed Neo-Africanism for Ghana and the United Africa because I believe that the strong family unity of Africans, the strong community unity in many African societies and the strong ethnic unity of the African Ethnic Group are all due to the philosophy of social harmony and mutual interdependence embedded in the African culture.
		While the philosophy of social harmony was the cornerstone of social and ethnic unity in Traditional Africa, the philosophy of Mutual Interdependence was the cornerstone of economic prosperity and inter-ethnic economic cooperation.
		Unbridled ethnic competition for the political power and the economic wealth of the modern African State, a dangerous political situation clearly evidenced by the despicable and despised system of "winner-takes-all", is due to the embrace of foreign ideologies and the abandonment of Africanism, the ideology of harmony and cooperation.
	www.utexas.edu /conferences/africa/ads/1519a.html (4670 words)

	Akan people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Akan people are a linguistic group of West Africa.
		This group includes the Akuapem, the Ashanti, the Akyem, the Baoulé, the Brong, the Fante and the Nzema peoples of Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire.
		By the middle of the seventeenth century, the gold trade was being overtaken by the slave trade; from being importers of slaves, the Akan people of the Gold Coast had become exporters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Akan_(ethnic_group) (259 words)

	Ivory Coast democracy deferred, by Tiemoko Coulibaly
		It was seen as the political expression of the frustrations of the Bété, who had long suffered under a government dominated by the Akan, the ethnic group to which Presidents Houphouët-Boigny and Konan Bédié both belonged.
		Houphouët-Boigny had ruled the country on the basis of an anti-west alliance between the Akan and the northerners, but in the early 1990s the northerners began to express their increasingly ill-contained frustration.
		For the armed forces are as mediocre as the politicians - witness the looting that accompanied the coup last December and the mutinies on 4 and 5 July.
	mondediplo.com /2000/10/08ivorycoast (1584 words)

	CôTE D'IVOIRE
		There we ran into another group of policemen but this time we sent a small group to them to explain that we were just on our way for a meeting at the stadium.
		When police, accompanied by FPI youths discovered she was from the northern Senoufou ethnic group, she was beaten, stripped and raped by one of the youths.
		While in detention, groups of Muslims were beaten, doused with urine and dirty water, forced to break their fast, and refused the right to pray.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2001/ivorycoast/cotdiv0801-05.htm (12857 words)

	Annual Report on International Religious Freedom for 1999: Ghana
		These religions include a belief in a supreme being, referred to by the Akan ethnic group as Nyame or by the Ewe ethnic group as Mawu, and lesser gods who act as intermediaries between the supreme being and man on earth.
		Trokosi, a traditional practice found among the Ewe ethnic group and primarily in the Volta region, is an especially severe human rights abuse and a flagrant violation of women's and children's rights.
		During the period covered by this report, there was tension between practitioners of the ethnic Ga (the Ga are the original inhabitants of Accra) tradition (which some consider to be a religion) and members of some charismatic churches over the annual ban on drumming and noise-making prior to the Ga "Homowo" (harvest) festival.
	www.cesnur.org /testi/irf/irf_ghana99.html (2156 words)

	Akan-ashanti
		Historically, the Asante, who are members of the Twi-speaking branch of the Akan people, have exercised considerable influence.
		The groups that constituted the core of the Asante confederacy moved north and settled in the vicinity of Lake Bosumtwi.
		During his reign, the Asante confederation destroyed the influence of Dankyera, which had been the strongest state in the coastal hinterland and which had been exacting tribute from most of the other Akan groups in the central forest.
	www.beepworld.de /members18/shika-gold/ashanti.htm (2175 words)

	CôTE D'IVOIRE
		For over three decades after its independence from France in 1960, Côte d'Ivoire was a country in which people of different religions and ethnic groups, including millions from neighboring West African countries coexisted in relative harmony.
		On October 26, 2000, as supporters of Gbagbo's FPI party celebrated the swearing in of their new president, Ouattara's RDR once again took to the streets, this time demanding fresh elections on the grounds that Ouattara and other candidates had been arbitrarily barred from running.
		The bloody clashes which ensued were characterized by religious and ethnic tensions as security forces and civilians supporting President Gbagbo clashed with the mostly Muslim northerners who form the core of support for the RDR.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2001/ivorycoast/cotdiv0801-02.htm (1150 words)

	21st Century Life - Mambogani Kenya Forums - Kenyan and African Discussion Forums Message Board Chat
		And bear in mind that despite the supposed 'tensions' and 'animosity' between ethnic groups back home; the genocide we witnessed in the early 90's (both in the Rift and in Mombasa) didn't 'flare up' out of the blue, but was plotted and coordinated by a restricted few in gov't, with a specific aim.
		Initially, there was an insurrection by one small grouping, which in the face of it, with French troops and some mercenaries, the government was able to take on, and looked like it could defeat.
		The real problems happened when other groups used the distraction of one small insurrection to launch their own bid for power, so that now there are 4 main parties fighting, and the country has descended into anarchy.
	www.mambogani.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=552 (3670 words)

	Akan dancewear Akan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Akan, Hokkaido, a town in Akan District, Hokkaido, Japan
		Akan, a character in the Book of Genesis.
		This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title.
	www.find-ask.com /Encyclopedia/Akan/Akan.html (294 words)

	World InfoZone - Ghana Facts
		The British colony was known as the Gold Coast.
		Forty-four percent of the population living in Ghana belongs to the Akan ethnic group.
		The Ashanti people are from the Akan group.
	www.worldinfozone.com /facts.php?country=Ghana (307 words)

	Features (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Agyemang was trained in Sofia and Prague as a doctor and was one of a new breed of professionals who were eagerly accepted to become the occupants of important stools (thrones) when they were elected by their king-makers.
		It was a miracle that he completed his course as a doctor, for while he was in Bulgaria, he and a group of African students were set upon by racist Bulgarian students who did not look favourably on the way Bulgarian girls were flocking around the Africans in a night club called Chuchuluga.
		To the Akan ethnic group of Ghana (of which Asante and Akyem are the largest constituents) the fact that both the king of Asante and the king of Akyem Abuakwa have departed, within three weeks of each other, will be an astoundingly bad omen.
	prempeh.org /kuntu.html (6329 words)

	CIE - Center Member Biographies
		This fall CIE welcomes a large group of new degree candidates including a group of 14 from Malawi who are part of a partnership between EPRA Department at University of Massachusetts and Chancellor College of the University of Malawi.
		I belong to a Mang'anja ethnic group from Southern Malawi.
		His work with refugee groups has been the impetus for his decision to return to school to study how intercultural/international education can be used to raise awareness of social issues around the world.
	www.umass.edu /cie/on_campus/cie_biographies.htm (11498 words)

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