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	Ryunosuke Akutagawa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ryūnosuke Akutagawa (芥川龍之介 Akutagawa Ryūnosuke, March 1, 1892 - July 24, 1927) was a Japanese poet and writer, regarded as the "Father of the Japanese Short Story".
		Akutagawa wrote no full-length novels, focusing instead on the short story as his main medium of expression.
		Akutagawa was born in Tokyo, the son of a milkman (Toshizoo Niihara).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ryunosuke_Akutagawa (525 words)

	Ryunosuke Akutagawa: Tutte le informazioni su Ryunosuke Akutagawa su Encyclopedia.it (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ryunosuke Akutagawa: Tutte le informazioni su Ryunosuke Akutagawa su Encyclopedia.it
		Ryûnosuke Akutagawa (芥川龍之介) (Tokyo, Giappone,1 marzo 1892 - 24 luglio 1927), scrittore giapponese.
		Comincia a temere di divenire pazzo anche lui, soffre di allucinazioni visive e di nervosismo, finché il 27 luglio 1927 si suicida con un overdose di sonniferi.
	www.encyclopedia.it /r/ry/ryunosuke_akutagawa.html (544 words)

	GradeSaver: Rashomon and Other Stories Essay: A Cross Cultural Examination of Rashomon
		Akutagawa points out that as in the real world, in his story there is no ultimate truth of reality, or a single conclusive correct answer.
		Akutagawa's protagonist is a servant who has been dismissed from his post, a man with no master or supreme being exerting control over him, much like a follower of Buddhism or Shinto.
		Akutagawa seems to be trying to point out that the reward for man's good deeds is not a bigger slice of the Judeo-Christian heaven, but the earthly reciprocation of good acts, or karma.
	www.gradesaver.com /classicnotes/titles/rashomon/essay1.html (2638 words)

	The Spider's Thread
		Akutagawa's "The Spider's Thread" is a parable with enormous potential for lending itself to moral discussion or even to the discussion of human nature itself.
		As a story it's finely crafted and Akutagawa's use of simile invites the reader to reproduce graphically in his or her mind's eye images that are from and outside of everyday experience.
		Akutagawa's literary views and his disputes with other writers of his time are beyond the scope of this paper.
	www.edogawa-u.ac.jp /~tmkelly/research_spider.html (4758 words)

	Akutagawa, Ryunosuke, Rashomon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Akutagawa adopted many ancient stories to his modern works, such as "Yabu no naka" (In a Bush) and "Hana" (The Nose).
		Akutagawa's modernity is, on one hand, to find the pre-modern Japan as the uncultivated, almost savage beauty against the civilized taste of the Westernized Japan.
		Akutagawa provides the repeated depiction of the pimple, instead of using naturalist technique of illustrating a face in detail.
	www.personal.psu.edu /staff/k/x/kxs334/academic/fiction/akutagawa_rashomon.html (700 words)

	A Web of Connections: "The Spider's Thread"\| National Clearinghouse for U.S.-Japan Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ryunosuke Akutagawa was born in 1892 in Tokyo.
		At the time of Akutagawa's birth, his father was forty-two years old and his mother was thirty-three years old - a combination that, according to a peculiar folk belief that holds these ages to be inauspicious, marked the infant as vulnerable to misfortune.
		Akutagawa was eventually raised in his uncle's house by a spinster aunt.
	www.indiana.edu /~japan/LP/LS41.html (2939 words)

	Fantastic Metropolis » “The Hell Screen” by Akutagawa Ryunosuke
		Akutagawa Ryunosuke, considered by many to be Japan’s greatest short story writer, is primarily known in the West, if at all, as the author of the stories “Rashomon” and “In a Grove,”; adapted by Kurosawa to serve as the basis for his landmark film
		It was a recognition of the actuality of the human condition, and the tale in question was to be recorded by the author with a detachment that disallowed emotional aggrandizement or the injection of unwarranted pathos.
		As Borges said of Akutagawa’s writing, “Extravagance and horror are in his work but never in his style, which is always crystal clear.” One is reminded of the ghost stories of Henry James, “The Phantom Rickshaw” by Kipling, and any number of works by Thomas Ligotti.
	www.fantasticmetropolis.com /i/va-akutagawa (868 words)

	OUSD > Urban Dreams Project > Language Arts
		Before his tragic death in 1927, Ryunosuke Akutagawa, author of "Rashomon," one of the most renowned stories of Japanese literature, wrote more than 100 short stories.
		"What [Akutagawa] did was question the values of his society, dramatize the complexities of human psychology, and study, with a Zen taste for paradox, the balance of illusion and reality." More...
		Ryunosuke Akutagawa was born in 1892 in Toyko, whose spirit and whose traditions he evokes with the magic of Baudelaire's Paris or Kafka's Prague.
	urbandreams.ousd.k12.ca.us /language_arts/extended/12/akutagawa (312 words)

	Akutagawa's Rashomon and Other Stories; Kappa: an essay by Amy Magarity
		Ryunosuke Akutagawa has been heralded as the first Japanese writer to master the art of the modern short story.
		Akutagawa had a troubled childhood (his father died and his mother was a schizophrenic) but became one of the greatest Japanese writers.
		Akutagawa explored truth in many of his stories because he, himself, was searching for truth in his own life.
	www.shelterbelt.com /ALLASIA/magaritya.html (1791 words)

	Rashomon Web page
		Akutagawa lost his fathers family name after a while and inherited his mother's maiden name, on account of him living with his mother's parents.
		Akutagawa was always paranoid as a child, that like his mother he would eventually become crazy.
		Kobayashi's work went against the work of Akutagawa Ryunosuke; further more, it was used as weapon to strike at the views and opinions of Japanese higher class during the 1920's.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~xyang/j341/akutarsm.htm (1027 words)

	A Fool's Life - Akutagawa Ryunosuke
		A friend of his who went insane sees the protagonist possessed by the same "fin de siècle demon", and part of Akutagawa -- stylistically, too -- is certainly informed by that very European demon; it is also the often overheated books of those from that period that he's drawn to.
		However, part of the appeal of Akutagawa, here especially but also elsewhere in his work, is the Japanese sensibility and tradition he brings to his work.
		Again, familiarity with Akutagawa's biography is helpful in understanding this collection, but even without it these are disturbingly effective sketches.
	www.complete-review.com /reviews/akutagawa/foollife.htm (326 words)

	Akutagawa: about this text
		Akutagawa Ryunosuke or ?????, March 1, 1892 - July 24, 1927) was a Japanese writer.
		Akutagawa was born in Tokyo, the son of a milkman (Toshizoo Makino).
		His mother (Fuku Niihara) went insane shortly after his birth, so he was adopted and raised by his maternal uncle, from whom he got the family name.
	wings.buffalo.edu /litgloss/akutagawa/about.shtml (375 words)

	Shifting Shadows and White in Japanese Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The doubles, dreams and illusions that frequently appear in Akutagawa Ryûnosuke's later writing confirm his long-standing preoccupation with the psychology of identity, and in particular with the notion of the unconscious.
		Akutagawa (1893-1927) uses the turn of the century notion of the unconscious, then developing in the nascent Western discipline of psychology, as a pretext for unifying what might otherwise be understood as a discontinuous or atomistic succession of identities.
		I will examine Akutagawa's texts in relation to the assumptions of the historical notion of the psychological unconscious, which define identity's others as integrated into a single, sub-stantiated self.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/ealac/gradconf/abstracts96/06whiteshadow.html (547 words)

	Japanese3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Akutagawa Ryunosuke was born in Tokyo on March 1, 1892, so 83 years after Poe--at the other end of the 19th century and in Japan, at the other end of the world.
		Akutagawa is also often pictured as pale and tormented, driven by a life of suffering to write such morbid stories.
		Akutagawa took the plots for his stories largely from traditional Chinese, Japanese, and, to a lesser degree, European sources.
	www.washburn.edu /reference/bridge24/Japanese3.html (954 words)

	Akutagawa Prize - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Akutagawa Prize (芥川龍之介賞 Akutagawa Ryūnosuke Shō) is Japan's most prestigious literary award.
		On January 15, 2004, the awarding of the 130th Akutagawa Prize made significant news when two women became the award’s youngest winners.
		Previously, the youngest Akutagawa winners were all 23-year-old males, among them the current Tokyo Governor Shintaro Ishihara and novelist Oe Kenzaburo, who later went on to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1994.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Akutagawa_Prize (1349 words)

	Akutagawa Ryunosuke
		Akutagawa Ryonosuke was born in Tokyo into a family which had lived for generations in the shitamachi district of Tokyo, famous for its cultural traditions.
		Akutagawa worked as a newspaper editor and also taught English to support his family, but refused invitations to teach at the universities of Tokyo and Kyoto.
		Akutagawa's accuracy in his expression is seen in the way he describes sensations ("Only for an instant, on his dry lips he felt the touch of the butterfly wings.
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /akuta.htm (1629 words)

	Vitro Nasu » Blog Archive » Ryunosuke Akutagawa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ryunosuke Akutagawa was born on March 1, 1892.
		Two of Akutagawa sons became famous, Yasushi Akutagawa was a composer and Hiroshi Akutagawa was a Shakespearian actor who has appeared in Japanese film classics such as “The Mistress”,
		Lytton was by far the funniest, less melancholy than Chopin or Ryunosuke Akutagawa.
	www.mutanteggplant.com /vitro-nasu/2006/03/01/akutagawa-ryunosuke (235 words)

	AAS Abstracts: Japan Session 10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In this sense, for Akutagawa, to write entailed a double jeopardy (literally, "divided game"): he freely played on past texts while risking the charge of plagiarism and his texts were free to be played up or down by the judgment of present readers.
		At stake among these recurrent themes is the status of the modern writing subject who seemingly forms a separate self (a body of texts to which is attached a name), but finds that self ceaselessly wandering away and being re formed at the whim of public opinion.
		What becomes clear from this treatment of Akutagawa's texts is that the spectre of modern subjectivity and consciousness they display is generated from an accumulation of and reflection upon traces of the past as well as masses of the present.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1995abst/japan/jses10.htm (1278 words)

	The Japan Project - Japanese Culture
		It can be used in literature, psychology, and social studies classes, as Akutagawa leaves the reader to struggle to understand the motivations of the characters.
		When students are done discussing the story, have them read Ryunosuke's "In the Grove," which examines a crime from the perspective of five different people, each of whom has a completely different version of how the crime was committed.
		Akutagawa attended excellent elementary and secondary schools in Tokyo and finished his formal education by majoring in English literature at the Tokyo Imperial University, the pinnacle of the Japanese education system.
	www.globaled.org /japanproject/lessons/lesson06_1.php (1875 words)

	Suggested Paper Topics -- EAJ212L (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In "In A Grove," Akutagawa Ryunosuke used a tale from Tales of Times Now Past as the source of his plot.
		Find another example of an Akutagawa story that does this, and see what changes he made to the narrative.
		Akutagawa Ryunosuke wrote "In A Grove" based on a historical source.
	www.albany.edu /eas/212/topics.htm (371 words)

	Big City Lit: the rivers of it, abridged
		Akutagawa Ryûnosuke (1892-1927) was one of the greatest short story writers of the twentieth century.
		This translation is based on Asakusa Kôen, in Akutagawa Ryûnosuke, Akutagawa Ryûnosuke zenshû, vol.
		He is the author of Topographies of Japanese Modernism and the editor of The Essential Akutagawa.
	www.nycbigcitylit.com /contents/longerdraughts.html (2826 words)

	Aozora Bunko: S - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Saigoutakamori by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1, 1892–July 24, 1927)
		Samusa by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1, 1892–July 24, 1927)
		Sarukani gassen by Ryunosuke Akutagawa (March 1, 1892–July 24, 1927)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aozora_Bunko:_S (3001 words)

	Rashomon (Main Page) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Writing at the beginning of the twentieth century, Ryunosuke Akutagawa created disturbing stories out of Japan's cultural upheaval.
		Whether his fictions are set centuries past or close to the present, Akutagawa was a modernist, writing in polished, superbly nuanced prose subtly exposing human needs and flaws.
		Ryunosuke Akutagawa died a suicide in 1927 at the age of thirty-five.
	www.wwnorton.com /catalog/spring99/rashomon.htm (249 words)

	Amazon.com: The Essential Akutagawa: Rashomon, Hell Screen, Cogwheels, A Fool's Life and Other Short Fiction: Books: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Akutagawa's use of language is not full of rhetoric that would be hard to translate.
		Akutagawa Ryunosuke is regarded as one of Japan's most significant 20th century authors, and although his work might seem a bit dated to the savvy 21st century reader, there is no denying the fact that he was a master of the short story form.
		Akutagawa was also a tragic figure-- bleak cynicism and bitter irony run throughout his stories, and he eventually committed suicide.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1568860617?v=glance (1075 words)

	Rashomon - A Note from the Playwrights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ryunosuke Akutagawa--his personality, life, and short stories fascinated us.
		The tone of his short stories are typically dark and despairing of the dilemmas in Japanese society at the time.
		Akutagawa's story reaches across nearly a century to confront us with the same questions that we face.
	www.pangeaworldtheater.org /RA/note.html (463 words)

	Fantastic Metropolis » “The Hell Screen” by Akutagawa Ryunosuke
		There are other glimpses of Western literary influence woven into the story—the figure of the monkey, serving as a kind of double for the painter, or perhaps his soul, is reminiscent of the monkey in Le Fanu’s “Green Tea.” On the other hand, the monkey has a homegrown symbolism in Shinto mythology.
		Again, with Akutagawa, there is no definitive declaration that we are to make any more of these items than what they offer at face value.
		It may very well be that Akutagawa is pointing to the fact that it is not just one individual but an amalgamation of all of the factors involved that lead to the horrendous outcome.
	www.fantasticmetropolis.com /i/va-akutagawa/3 (755 words)

	Akutagawa, Ryunosuke on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Mobu wins Akutagawa Prize in debut piece, 2 others win Naoki Prize+
		His later writings, largely autobiographical fiction, were not successful, and this lack of popular response may have contributed to his suicide.
		Magazines and Newspapers for: Akutagawa, Ryunosuke or search in Pictures and Maps for Akutagawa, Ryunosuke
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/a/akutagaw.asp (175 words)

	Amazon.ca: Rashomon And Other Stories: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This is the second Ryunosuke Akutagawa book that I have read, the first one being "Kappa." The change in tone was a bit of a shock for me, for whereas "Kappa" is a wry, witty political commentary, the stories collected in "Rashomon and Other Stories" are bleak and brilliant.
		Akutagawa managed to condense despair into its basest elements, then packaged it raw and hurting, yet beautiful and human.
		Each short story exists only long enough to allow Akutagawa enough time to develop the scene and characters and to tell their story.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0871401738 (959 words)

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