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	Hassan al Banna - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hassan al Banna (October 14, 1906 - February 12, 1949, Arabic: حسن البنا) was an Egyptian social and political reformer best known as founder of the Muslim Brotherhood.
		Banna was born in 1906 in Mahmudiyya, Egypt (north-west of Cairo).
		Life in the capital offered him a greater range of activities than the village and the opportunity to meet prominent Islamic scholars (in large measure thanks to his father's acquaintances), but he was deeply disturbed by effects of Westernisation he saw there, particularly the rise of secularism and the breakdown of traditional morals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hassan_al_Banna (499 words)

	Al-Azhar University - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, Abd Al-Sabour Shahin, a prominent professor at the University, denies that Muslims were even involved in the attacks, claiming a "dirty Zionist hand" was behind them.
		Ali Gomaa', the Egyptian Mufti associated with Al Azhar, has declared that insurgents who kidnap and kill civilans in Iraq are the ones which Islam has authorized to kill since they wreak havoc in the Earth.
		This is a joint venture between the university and the HH Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum IT Education Project (ITEP) in Dubai.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Al-Azhar_University (597 words)

	Middle East Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Al Azhar first become involved in censorship in 1985 when law 102 of 1985 gave Al Azhar the authority to regulate publications of the Quran and the hadith.
		In July 1993, Sheikh of Azhar Gad Al Haq Ali Gad Al Haq sent a letter to the head of the fatwa and legislative section of the national administrative court requesting a clarification of the Azhar's role regarding artistic works of religious nature.
		In February 1994, Tarek Al Bishri responded to Gad Al Haq and issued an opinion that the Azhar is the sole authority to which the Ministry of Culture must refer concerning Islamic matters and it must issue licenses for films, book and tapes which discuss religion.
	www.metimes.com /articles/normal.php?StoryID=20041110-090628-3535r (1253 words)

	Al Azhar chief defends decree: Headscarf ban in France -DAWN - International; 13 January, 2004
		Al Azhar chief defends decree: Headscarf ban in France
		CAIRO, Jan 12: The sheikh of Al Azhar has again defended his decree supporting a French decision to ban headscarves in state schools, according to an interview published on Monday.
		Speaking to Al Sharq al Awssat, Sheikh Tantawi said "the (Islamic) nation is absolutely not confronted with a war of religion", adding that the French decision on headscarfs would not be followed by other steps against Muslims.
	www.dawn.com /2004/01/13/int9.htm (292 words)

	Al Azhar Mosque (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		AL - AZHAR Mosque was laid foundation on 14 Th of Ramadan 359 H, (971 A.D).
		AL - AZHAR enable to spread here and there the rays of guidance, emanating from the rowans pastilles of AL - AZHAR have been the warring the course atheism, the procession of deviation, the doctrine of subversion, the missionary campaigns, and the rising tide of anarchy and decadence.
		AL - AZHAR is that spiritual haven, the reputation of which had resounded throughout the world, because of the established prestige in which it is held in the hearts of Muslims.
	www.a-1hotels.com /eg/history/al_azhar_mosque.html (626 words)

	Al Azhar OKs derogatory book about Chief of Prophets (p) \| Jafariya News Network
		CAIRO, Egypt: The Al Azhar Institute for Islamic Studies approved a book describing the Chief of Prophets, holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his pure progeny) as an "imposter" and Muslims as "locusts".
		The government-run Al Ahram daily said that Al-Azhar had approved the book's publication "because it is a piece of documentation that paints a lively picture of the life of Prophet Muhammad"(peace be upon him and his pure progeny).
		An unnamed Al Azhar official quoted in the official Al Akhbar daily denied rumors that the publication was the result of US pressure.
	www.jafariyanews.com /2k5_news/july/4alazhar_derogatorybook.htm (638 words)

	The Egyptian Organization for Human Rights
		It also compares Al Azhar interference in censorship and the freedom of thought and creativity during the tenures of Al Azhar Sheikh Gad al Haq Ali Gad al Haq and his successor Sheikh al Tantawy, and describes the restrictions placed by the IRC on the freedom of creativity during the latter's tenure at Al Azhar.
		Clerics, Al Azhar sheikhs and members of the IRC do not believe that granting Al Azhar the power of judicial seizure signals a return to inspection courts or the censorship of creativity.
		The IRC arbitrarily imposed a ban on al Saadawi's Fall of the Imam despite the fact that it was published twenty years ago by Dar al Mustaqbal without receiving any objection by Al Azhar or any other bodies.
	www.eohr.org /press/2004/pr1024.htm (1452 words)

	GN Online: Al Azhar scholar denies saying Intifada attacks are suicide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Mufti of Al Azhar Al Sharif is appointed by the Egyptian President.
		In 1961, a "Developing the Azhar Al Sharif" law was passed whereby Al Azhar Al Sharif was developed to include new faculties and colleges in the sciences, commerce and languages.
		Al Azhar has set up a board of experts in all fields to issue fatwa on developments in sciences, technology, business and other subjects that may arise.
	www.gulf-news.com /Articles/news.asp?ArticleID=35155 (664 words)

	Cairo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The name Al-Qahirah literally means "The Subduer," though it is often translated as "The Victorious." The origin of the name is said to come from the appearance of the planet Mars during the foundation of the city.
		The planet Mars, associated with destruction was called "Al Najm Al Qahir" in Arabic, from which the name of the city was derived.
		This title was given to the city as many armies were destroyed in attempts to invade Cairo or defeated elsewhere by troops sent from Cairo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cairo (1694 words)

	The Agonist: Iraqi parties blast Al Azhar
		Al Bawaba: Iraqi parties blasted al Azhar - Islam’s most revered authority - at the backdrop of its Fatwa (religious ruling) banning Arab and Islamic countries from dealing with the Iraqi Governing Council, calling the US- backed body illegitimate.
		They suggested that it would be more useful for al Azhar not to indulge in political issues that concerned Iraqis.
		On August 19, al Azhar issued a Fatwa banning Arab and Islamic countries from dealing with Iraq’s interim Governing Council, saying it lacks religious and political legitimacy.
	www.agonist.org /archives/007600.html (190 words)

	Heirs of the Prophets [Chapter 7]
		Of Al Azhar before the recent reforms and as it had been for centuries I wrote: "There is no regular organization worthy of a university.
		The graduate of Al Azhar is therefore a Moslem theologian, a candidate for imam, qadi or mufti in any part of the wide world of Islam.
		It was not until A.D. 1268 that Al Azhar re-entered upon its mission as a collegiate mosque.
	www.bible.ca /islam/library/Zwemer/Heirs/chap7.htm (3105 words)

	Al Azhar, Presiden Riau Merdeka - 20/10/2004, 21:09 WIB - KOMPAS Cyber Media - Hiburan
		Tapi di sisi lain, kehadiran Al bagi masyarakat Riau justru menjadi semacam katarsis bagi kemampatan hidup mayoritas masyarakat Riau yang mestinya bisa hidup makmur dari ladang-ladang minyak yang ada di Provinsi Riau, tapi sebagian di antaranya malah terusir dari tanah yang diwariskan oleh kakek-moyang mereka.
		Kendati Al pergi sekolah ke Belanda pada tahun 1989, diskusi tentang "Riau Merdeka" tetap intensif dijalankan.
		Al Azhar, adalah pribadi yang di dalamnya bermuara beragam cita-cita.
	www.kompas.com /gayahidup/news/0410/20/210937.htm (1352 words)

	Al Azhar Online Project invited to present its expertise at Cambridge University Islamic Manuscript Conference \| ITEP
		A delegation from the 'H.H Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Project to Preserve Al Azhar Scripts and Publish Them Online' will present their expertise at a conference on the conservation and management of Islamic manuscripts to be held in the UK between 4th and 6th of July, 2005.
		Officials of the HH Sheikh Mohammed IT Education Project (ITEP), which is managing the Al Azhar Online Project, were invited by the conference organisers to present a case study on how the Project is digitising ancient Arab manuscripts and enhancing their accessibility for the general public using advanced technology.
		Al Azhar Mosque, situated in Cairo, is one of the oldest and most prominent learning centres in the world.
	www.ameinfo.com /63573.html (804 words)

	GN Online: Al Azhar library to go online soon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The library of Al Azhar Al Sharif in Cairo, Islam's oldest religious and educational institution, is a step closer towards digitalisation - all its rare manuscripts and books will be accessible online.
		The $5 million Al Azhar online project is funded and managed by www.sheikhmohammed.co.ae under the patronage of General Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Dubai Crown Prince and UAE Defence Minister, who approved it after a visit to Al Azhar in April 2000.
		Al Azhar library was established in 1897, at the time of Imam Mohammed Abdo.
	www.gulf-news.com /Articles/news.asp?ArticleID=74862 (563 words)

	Al Tafsir.com - Tafseer Holy Quran from all Tafseer Schools, Quran Translations, Quran Recitations, Quran ...
		Altafsir.com (Al tafseer) contains the tafsirs of the Holy Quran and all the essential resources to aid students and researchers.
		As the second phase draws near to completion, you will find Altafsir.com to be a unique and invaluable Quranic source for a better understanding and appreciation of the Sacred Text of the Islamic faith — the Quran.
		Al Tafsir.com - Tafseer Holy Quran, Quran Translations, Quran Recitations, Quran Interpretation (Tafseer), and Quran Sciences.
	www.altafsir.com (542 words)

	Nawal El Saadawi and Sherif Hetata's site
		This new battle between Al Azhar and Nawal El Saadawi has once again brought to the forefront the issue of censorship and banning of books in Egypt.
		She believes that fundamentalist forces have infiltrated into the state and Al Azhar and that there are people who seek to curry favour with the fundamentalists for different reasons such as winning votes in the elections, or protecting themselves from harm or violence.
		She explained that she had written a part of her novel The Fall of the Imam in prison after Sadat had arrested her together with hundreds of writers, intellectuals and public figures during the month of September 1981, that the Imam in her novel was Sadat.
	www.nawalsaadawi.net /news/2004/azharbans.htm (379 words)

	CPP Contract Extension Rejected -- Senin, 6 Agustus 2001
		The decision to reject the oil exploring extension was taken at a massive meeting in Pekanbaru, Riau, on Saturday.
		Al Azhar, who is also the Chairman of the Congress Work Agency of Riau II which aims for independence of the region in a peaceful way, has been instructed to set upthe Riau Action to Control Block CPP.
		On account of the plan to block CPP activities on august 9 2001 later, Riau Governor, Saleh Djasit, appealed to the public to understand the conditions of the times.
	www.kompas.com /kompas-cetak/0108/06/ENGLISH/cppc.htm (834 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Chronicles \| Al-Azhar's 1934
		The document reported that in that year, El-Zawahiri's unpopularity, compounded by his subservience to the palace, stirred a wave of student demonstrations and teacher strikes that ultimately drove him to resign in April 1935.
		At the same time, however, it urged authorities to open classes for students who were not accepted into the Al- Azhar faculties to enable them to follow the first year courses "until such time as the authorities devise a solution to these students' problem."
		Al- Azhar is the object of my greatest devotion and care, and its reform is my greatest hope and desire.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2004/690/chrncls.htm (2857 words)

	Middle East Newsline -
		The Cairo-based Al Azhar seminary issued a ruling on Monday that called on Muslims to wage a "jihad," or holy war against the United States and allied forces that participate in the war against Iraq.
		The communique was the most explicit call by Al Azhar for Muslims to attack U.S. interests throughout the Middle East.
		For months, Al Azhar and its spiritual leader, Mohammed Sid Tantawi, had remained silent on the issue of a Muslim response to a U.S. war against Iraq.
	www.menewsline.com /stories/2003/march/03_12_1.html (209 words)

	Al Azhar okays book portraying Prophet Mohammed as 'imposter' (1837 distant relative of Pres. Bush)
		Al Azhar okays book portraying Prophet Mohammed as 'imposter' (1837 distant relative of Pres.
		Al Azhar, the Cairo-based authority that supervises the publication, translation and sale in Egypt of all writings related to Islam, could not be reached for comment on Friday.
		But the government-run Al Ahram daily said that it had approved the book's publication "because it is a piece of documentation that paints a lively picture of the life of Prophet Mohammed".
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1430335/posts (712 words)

	Intracellular Events in the ``Selective'' Transport of Lipoprotein-derived Cholesteryl Esters -- Reaven et al. 271 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Azhar, S., Stewart, D., Reaven, E. Lipid Res.
		Azhar, S., Cooper, A., Tsai, L., Maffe, W., Reaven, E. Lipid Res.
		Azhar, S., Frazier, J. Tsai, L., Reaven, E. Lipid Res.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/27/16208 (7700 words)

	National Review Online (http://www.nationalreview.com)
		The issue of extremism at Al Azhar has emerged as one aspect of the war on terrorism which has not received much attention.
		Sheikh of Al Azhar, one of the most coveted positions of authority in Sunni Islam, from 1929-1935 was Muhammad al-Ahmadi al-Zawahiri, grandfather of al Qaeda's Ayman al-Zawahiri.
		The issue of extremism at Al Azhar is related to both the war on terrorism, as well as the broader issue of reform in the Middle East and, in particular, Egypt.
	www.nationalreview.com /script/printpage.p?ref=/comment/stalinsky200404120847.asp (748 words)

	Human Granulosa Cells Use High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol for Steroidogenesis -- Azhar et al. 83 (3): 983 -- ...
		Azhar S, Tsai L, Reaven E. 1990 Uptake and utilization of lipoprotein cholesteryl esters by rat granulosa cells.
		Azhar S, Cooper A, Tsai L, Maffe W, Reaven E. 1988 Characterization of apoB, E receptor function in the luteinized ovary.
		Azhar S, Frazier JA, Tsai L, Reaven E. 1994 Effect of okadaic acid on utilization of lipoprotein-derived cholesteryl esters by rat steroidogenic cells.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/83/3/983 (5079 words)

	Al Azhar Agreement Enhanced by Cambridge Visit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The visit to Ridley Hall Theological College, Cambridge, England by Shaykh Fawzy El-Zafzaf, President of the Committee for Dialogue with the Monotheistic Faiths of Al Azhar, the renowned Islamic university and Centre in Cairo, Egypt, marks a significant new development in the building of relations between the Anglican Communion and Al Azhar.
		It was agreed to seek to establish reciprocal study visits in which staff and students of Al Azhar would spend time at Anglican theological institutions, and Anglican theologians and theological students would similarly visit Al Azhar.
		He also expressed his belief that the visit was a visible expression of the love that existed between the Muslim and Christian communities of faith, and that the willingness of Al Azhar to participate in such an experience was a clear sign of how Muslims wished to reach out in friendship to others.
	www.anglicannifcon.org /RidleyHall.htm (408 words)

	Al Azhar's library to get wired up to the Internet
		The project "will make available the biggest library of (Islamic) manuscripts in the world," said Al Azhar's Sheikh Mahmoud Ashur in the March 5 edition of the government daily Al Akhbar.
		The paper went on to add that the project is funded by a grant of $5 million from the emir of Dubai, Sheikh Maktoum Bin Rashed.
		Al Azhar was built in AD 972, on the orders of Gohar Al Siquilli, commander of the army which conquered Egypt in the name of the Fatimid caliph Al Muiz.
	www.islamfortoday.com /azharlibrary.htm (174 words)

	Living Tradition: Sheikh 'Ali Jumu'a of Al-Azhar: The Real Fatwa
		It was claimed on MWU that Sheikh 'Ali Jumu'a of Al Azhar had issued a fatwa in support of women led, mixed gendered prayer.
		It was based on one of their writers watching al 'Arabiya television and seeing a report in which al 'Arabiya reported that Egyptian TV had reportedly aired an interview with him in which he gave a fatwa.
		The folks at MWU have been made aware of their error, but continue instead to obfuscate the issue, claming that this is not his fatwa (it is, according to his own students), and that the third-hand report on al 'Arabiya was "his actual words." Subhan'Allah.
	living-tradition.blogspot.com /2005/03/sheikh-ali-jumua-of-al-azhar-real.html (1319 words)

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