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| | Carnegie Corporation - About |
 | | Muslims had conquered the city in 638, and though they were generally tolerant of non-Muslims, one Caliph-Imam, al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, had ordered the destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem and some other churches and convents in Egypt and Sinai during his 25-year reign, which ended in 1021. |
 | | Contrary to what many believe, Allah was not a new god, but simply the Arabic word for Godthe God of Abraham, Moses, Jesus and Muhammad. |
 | | He was brought up by his grandfather and, after his death, by his uncle, Abu Talib, whose son Ali ibn Abi Talib became the Prophets first disciple and later his son-in-law. |
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