Khayzuran (literally, Bamboo) was a slave, born most likely in Yemen, (on the tip of the Arabian Peninsula) in the Arab court of the Abbasid Caliph.
Al-Mahdi married Khayzuran (a great feat for her, as it is for any slave girl to rise through the Muslim "meritocracy") and bore his two sons.
When al-Hadi proved less tolerant of Khayzuran's political manueverings than had al-Mahdi, it was speculated that it was Khayzuran who arranged his murder in favor of her second, more tolerant son, Harun.
IMAM MUHAMMAD al - Jawad (or at - Taqi) is the Ninth Apostolic Imam.
Consequently, al - Ma'mun was forced, from a political point of view, to establish contacts with the tribe of Banu Fatimah at the expense of the ties with Banu `Abbas and thereby win the favour of the Shi`ah.
Imam Muhammad al - Jawad was seated beside al - Ma'mun on his throne face to face with Yahya ibn Aktham, who adderssed the Imam thus: ``Do you permit me to ask you a question ?'' ``Ask me whatever you wish,''said the Imam in the typical tone of his ancestors.
Harun al-Rashid (Al-Rashid is Arabic for The Rightly Guided) (Arabic هارون الرشيد also spelled Harun ar-Rashid, Haroun al-Rashid or Haroon al Rasheed; English: Aaron the Upright; ca.
Many of these atrocities that were seen coming from these muslims are due to their being immersed with their nm neighbours- maybe something to do with the latters’ obsession of worshipping animal, figurines, depicting god as half naked or even hallowing something as abysmal as underpants.
Then add to the Al Quran is an understanding of history that has them living in a time warping 1000 years of old.
We must consider that the foundation for Muslim education is the Al Quran, which aside from being violent, is also incredibly muddled.
The evidence of the medieval texts has been studied in detail by Sabatino Moscati, Nabia Abbott, and Hugh Kennedy, and important contributions based on numismatic evidence have been made by Michael Bonner.
(1) Also now relevant in the light of Bonner's work is a discussion by Patricia Crone of the slogan al-rida min al Muhammad.
A note on pronunciation -- in some cognomens, the "l" in "al" is dropped and the first letter of the following word is substituted for it for words beginning with the following consonants: d (ad-Duri), n (an-Najmi), r (ar-Razi), s (as-Salar), sh (ash-Sahnfara), t (at-Tayyib), th (ath-Thaqafi), and z (az-Zubair).
This applies to the pronunciation only; these names are still written "al-".
