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Topic: Alan Turing

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Turing machine

Church Turing thesis

Turing test

Universal Turing machine

Entscheidungsproblem

Alan Turing Institute

Computer science

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Recursively enumerable

	Alan Turing (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Turing studied mathematics with increasing distinction and was elected a Fellow of the college in 1935.
		Turing's motivations were scientific rather than industrial or commercial, and he soon returned to the theoretical limitations of computation, this time focussing on the comparison of the power of computation and the power of the human brain.
		Turing was in fact sensitive to the difficulty of separating ‘intelligence’ from other aspects of human senses and actions; he described ideas for robots with sensory attachments and raised questions as to whether they might enjoy strawberries and cream or feel racial kinship.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/turing (9870 words)

	Alan Turing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Turing was conceived in 1911 in Chatrapur, India.
		The Alan Turing Institute was initiated by UMIST and University of Manchester in Summer 2004.
		A celebration of Turing's life and achievements was held at the University of Manchester on 5 June 2004; it was arranged by the British Logic Colloquium and the British Society for the History of Mathematics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alan_Turing (3423 words)

	Alan Turing - Wikipedia
		Turing gilt heute als einer der einflussreichsten Theoretiker der frühen Computerentwicklung und Informatik.
		Sein Vater Julius Mathison Turing, ein britischer Staatsdiener in der damaligen Kolonie, und seine Frau Ethel (geborene Stoney) wollten, dass Turing in Großbritannien geboren wird.
		Juni 2004, wurde zum Gedenken an Turings frühzeitigen Tod eine Tafel an seinem früheren Haus 'Hollymeade' in Wilmslow enthüllt.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alan_Turing (1661 words)

	Alan Mathison Turing - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		Alan Mathison Turing (23 de junio de 1912 - 7 de junio de 1954).
		Pero a pesar de ello, Turing continuó mostrando una singular habilidad para los estudios que realmente le gustaban, llegando a resolver problemas muy avanzados (para su edad) en 1927 sin ni siquiera haber estudiado cálculo elemental.
		Turing trabajó desde 1952 hasta que falleció en 1954 en la biología matemática, concretamente en la morfogénesis.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alan_Turing (1966 words)

	Alan Turing Scrapbook - Turing Machines
		Turing argued that his formalism was sufficiently general to encompass anything that a human being could do when carrying out a definite method.
		Turing used his definition of an uncomputable number to answer Hilbert's question in the negative: there can be no one definite method capable of deciding whether or not a given mathematical statement is provable.
		Alan Turing described his concept of the Turing machine in terms of 'states of mind', and his work has important implications for the philosophy of Mind.
	www.turing.org.uk /turing/scrapbook/machine.html (2106 words)

	Alan Mathison Turing
		Alan Turing was born in London on June 23, 1912.
		Turing's ultimate goal was to merge already established biological theory with mathematics and computers to create his intelligent, multi-purpose machine.
		Turing died on June 7, 1954 from what the medical examiners described as, "self-administered potassium cyanide while in a moment of mental imbalance." Other reasons for his death have surfaced.
	ei.cs.vt.edu /~history/Turing.html (1876 words)

	Turing's World: More Information (1) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Introduced by Alan Turing in 1936, Turing machines are one of the key abstractions used in modern computability theory, the study of what computers can and cannot do.
		A Turing machine is a particularly simple kind of computer, one whose operations are limited to reading and writing symbols on a tape, or moving along the tape to the left or right.
		The states of a Turing machine are generally represented by a flow or state diagram, using circles for the states and labelled arcs for the instructions associated with those states.
	csli-www.stanford.edu /hp/Turing1.html (536 words)

	Alan Turing from FOLDOC
		Turing was a student and fellow of King's College Cambridge and was a graduate student at Princeton University from 1936 to 1938.
		In 1949 Turing became deputy director of the Computing Laboratory at Manchester where the Manchester Automatic Digital Machine, the worlds largest memory computer, was being built.
		Turing was gay, and died rather young under mysterious circumstances.
	foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk /foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Alan+Turing (341 words)

	Alan Turing: PopSubCulture.com's The Biography Project - Creator of the Turing Test
		Alan Mathison Turing was born on 23 June 1912, in a nursing home in Paddington, London.
		Turing then becomes obsessed with the problem of how the human mind is embodied in matter; of how the mind might be preserved after the death.
		Turing's Ace Report of 1946 and Other Papers (Charles Babbage Institute Reprint Series for the History of Computing, Vol 10) by Alan Turing, et al.
	www.popsubculture.com /pop/bio_project/alan_turing.html (1302 words)

	TIME 100: Alan Turing
		If all Alan Turing had done was answer, in the negative, a vexing question in the arcane realm of mathematical logic, few nonspecialists today would have any reason to remember him.
		But the method Turing used to show that certain propositions in a closed logical system cannot be proved within that system — a corollary to the proof that made Kurt Godel famous — had enormous consequences in the world at large.
		Turing's 1937 paper changed the direction of his life and embroiled a shy and vulnerable man ever more directly in the affairs of the world outside, ultimately with tragic consequences.
	www.time.com /time/time100/scientist/profile/turing.html (479 words)

	Alan Turing (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Alan Turing was an English mathematician and a founder of modern computer science.
		Based on the current internal state of the control and the value of the current tape cell, the Turing machine selects a rule that changes the internal state, writes a value in the current tape cell, and moves the read-write head left or right one tape cell.
		Turing was arrested for violation of British homosexuality statutes in 1952.
	www.exploratorium.edu /complexity/CompLexicon/Turing.html (346 words)

	Alan Turing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Turing became a general consultant for cryptanalysis at Bletchley Park.
		Alan Turing Home Page by Andrew Hodges including a short biography
		Alan Turing – Towards a Digital Mind: Part 1
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alan_Turing (3423 words)

	BW Online \| May 10, 2004 \| Alan Turing: Thinking Up Computers
		But it was Turing who made the critical conceptual breakthrough, almost as an aside in a paper he wrote while in his 20s.
		Turing spoke of a "machine" only abstractly, as a sequence of steps to be executed.
		After the war, Turing became more overt in his relationships and was convicted in 1952 of "gross indecency." He was subjected to injections of female hormones, ostensibly to quell sexual desires, and shunned as a security risk.
	www.businessweek.com /magazine/content/04_19/b3882029_mz072.htm (911 words)

	Manchester honours Alan Turing \| The Register
		Turing will be best remembered for his work on the German Enigma codes during his time at Bletchley Park, in addition to the thorny "Fish" cypher.
		Turing was fascinated by artificial intelligence and the concept of the programmable single machine capable of handling any task, and by applying his intelligence to this concept he greatly contributed to the development of Bletchley's codebreaking machines and ultimately, the development of the modern computer concept.
		Turing avoided prison by agreeing to have yearly oestrogen injections to control his libido - a savage punishment at a time that male homosexuality was illegal in Britain.
	www.theregister.co.uk /2004/06/07/manchester_honours_turing (594 words)

	Inventor Alan Turing
		In 1951 Turing was named a Fellow of the Royal Society and in 1952 he began to publish his work on the mathematical aspects of pattern and form development in living organisms.
		Turing was a founding father of modern cognitive science and a leading early exponent of the hypothesis that the human brain is in large part a digital computing machine, theorising that the cortex at birth is an 'unorganised machine' which through 'training' becomes organised 'into a universal machine or something like it'.
		The British mathematician Alan Turing wrote a paper in 1936 entitled On Computable Numbers in which he described a hypothetical device, a Turing machine, that presaged programmable computers.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventors/turing.htm (603 words)

	Alan Turing - Wikiquote
		Alan Turing (June 23, 1912 - June 7, 1954) British mathematician and cryptographer, considered to be one of the fathers of modern Computer Science.
		Source: A Hodges - Alan Turing: the Enigma of Intelligence, (London 1983) 251.
		"A man provided with paper, pencil, and rubber, and subject to strict discipline, is in effect a universal Turing Machine."** (1948)
	quote.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alan_Turing (378 words)

	Alan Turing
		Alan Mathison Turing nació el 23 de Junio de 1912, en Paddington, Londres.
		Turing fue reclutado por Inglaterra, en Bletchley Park, para descifrar los mensajes que componía la máquina alemana Enigma, y, como consecuencia, los aliados construyeron la máquina Colossus.
		Máquina de Turing Universal en su forma electrónica, de hecho había inventado las computadoras digitales.
	www-etsi2.ugr.es /alumnos/mlii/Alan%20Turing.htm (982 words)

	Alan Turing: the Enigma (Andrew Hodges)
		Hodges, like Turing, is a mathematician, and was thus able to understand and describe Turing's pioneering work in mathematical logic —; and his momentously important codebreaking work during the war — at a depth that would have been beyond most biographers.
		Like Turing also, Hodges is gay, and his description of Turing's prosecution in 1952 for 'gross indecency' and the tragic events leading up to it, is written with great empathy and an entirely appropriate indignation.
		It is an almost perfect match of biographer and subject, and, though Hodges is determined, as he puts it, 'to overcome the twentieth-century chasm between scientific thought and human life,' he has the sensitivity to realise that the events of a person's life can never 'explain' the greatness of their thought.
	www.turing.org.uk /book (887 words)

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