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	Albania in the Middle Ages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the late Middle Ages, new waves of invaders swept over the Albanian-populated lands.
		The invaders assimilated much of the Illyrian population, but the Illyrians living in lands that comprise modern-day Albania and parts of Yugoslavia and Greece were never completely absorbed or even controlled.
		The first historical mention of Albania and the Albanians as such appears in an account of the resistance by a Byzantine emperor, Alexius I Comnenus, to an offensive by the Vatican-backed Normans from southern Italy into the Albanian-populated lands in 1081.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Albania_in_the_Middle_Ages (555 words)

	History of Albania - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The name Albania is said by these scholars to be derived from the name of an Illyrian tribe called the Arber, or Arbereshë, and later Albanoi, that lived near Durrës.
		Albania's first political parties emerged only after World War I. Even more than in other parts of the Balkans, political parties were evanescent gatherings centered on prominent persons who created temporary alliances to achieve their personal aims.
		The actual story of communist Albania is, however, quintessentially dystopian, a bleak inventory of bloody purges and repression, a case study in betrayal and obsessive xenophobia, a cacophony of bitter polemics with real and fantasized enemies that the outside world barely took time to notice.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/History_of_Albania (15676 words)

	Ages
		Albania in the Middle Ages This article is part of the History of Albania series Illyria Middle Ages Ottoman domination...
		Dark Ages The "Dark Ages" is a term invented in the early 14th Century to describe the preceeding 900 years in Europe, b...
		Middle Ages The Middle Ages was the middle period in a schematic division of 1517.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/ages.html (365 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		All the Illyrian tribes except the Albanians disappeared during the Dark Ages under the waves of migrating barbarians.
		Albania was internationally recognized as an independent state in 1913.
		Albania's territorial integrity was confirmed at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, after U.S. President Woodrow Wilson dismissed a plan by the European powers to divide Albania amongst its neighbors.
	www.online-encyclopedia.info /encyclopedia/h/hi/history_of_albania.html (819 words)

	Albanian Islamic World
		During the 11th and the 12th centuries Albania was overrun by the Normans, and in 1190, during a period of Byzantine weakness, the Albanian prince Progon established an independent state.
		In this disorder and uncertainty that Albania felt during the days of Serbian imperialism and threat, the Albanian nation asked for help from the Osmanly Union, to admitt the old nation of Illyrians into the new Civilization of Islam.
		With the opening of Albania to Islam, Albanians were one of the most important figures of the Islamic Union.
	salam.muslimsonline.com /~albanian/middle.html (551 words)

	Albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Albania became part of the Roman and Byzantine Empires before succumbing to a wave of invaders in the Middle Ages, losing most of its original population and finally becaming a part of the Ottoman Empire in 1478.
		It is bordered by Serbia and Montenegro in the north, and north-east, the Republic of Macedonia in the east, and Greece in the south, has a coast on the Adriatic Sea in the west, and a coast on the Ionian Sea in the southwest.
		Albania after the communist regime was overthrown, as all the ex-communist countries, the country was left with an obsolete industrial base and a pattern of industrial capacity wholly unsuited to its needs.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/A/Albania.htm (3029 words)

	Archaeology in Albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		During the XIX century Albania was "invaded" by foreign archaeologists.
		Archaeology in Albania is rich of information and it is very important for many conferences and also written in many books.
		The region of Korca, in South -Eastern Albania is the most-known.
	www.geocities.com /albaland/archaeology (219 words)

	Albania
		Albania is a republic with a multiparty parliament, a Prime Minister, and a President, elected by the Parliament.
		The Labor Code sets the minimum age of employment at 16 years and limits the amount and type of labor that can be performed by children under the age of 18.
		Albania is a country of origin and a transit country for trafficking.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/eur/8219.htm (10407 words)

	Albanian Islamic World
		Albania, has a maximum length from north to south of about 345 km (214 mi) and a maximum width of about 145 km (90 mi).
		Albania is one of the most ancient and ethnically homogeneous countries in the world; about 99 per cent of its people are Albanian, a group that descended from the Illyrians, an Indo-European people who inhabited the European continent from the ancient times.
		But in the republic of Albania about 80 per cent of the population (of what is known as Albania) is Muslim, 13 per cent Orthodox, and 7 per cent Catholic.
	salam.muslimsonline.com /~albanian/albania.html (433 words)

	Albanian Information - Albanian.com
		Owing partly to the weakness of the Byzantine Empire, Albania, beginning in the 9th century, came under the domination, in whole or in part, of a succession of foreign powers: Bulgarians, Norman crusaders, the Angevins of southern Italy, Serbs, and Venetians.
		Skenderbeg's long struggle to keep Albania free became highly significant to the Albanian people, as it strengthened their solidarity, made them more conscious of their national identity, and served later as a great source of inspiration in their struggle for national unity, freedom, and independence.
		Islamization aggravated the religious fragmentation of Albanian society, which had first appeared in the Middle Ages and which was later used by Constantinople and Albania's neighbours in attempts to divide and denationalize the Albanian people.
	www.albanian.com /main/history/ottoman.html (864 words)

	Qendra për informim Lajmet.com
		The Indo-European origin of the Albanian language and the place it occupies in the family of Indo-European languages was determined and proved in the middle of the 19th century, following studies in the comparative historical linguistics.
		Delegates attended the Congress on orthography of the Albanian language from all of the regions of Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro and Arberësh from Italy.
		Albanian is currently spoken by over six million people in the Republic of Albania, in Kosovo, by the Albanians of Macedonia, Montenegro and south Serbia as well as in the territory of Çamëri in Greece.
	www.lajmet.com /English/Oldest_language.htm (4211 words)

	Ethnic Albania - Albania - Cities - Durres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Durrës (Albanian: Durrës or Durrësi) is the most ancient city of Albania and one of the most economically important as the biggest port city.
		In the Middle Ages Dyrrhachium was an important Byzantine port, and a major link between the empire and western Europe.
		In the 11th and 12th centuries it was subject to attack by the Normans of Sicily; Robert Guiscard captured it from Alexius I Comnenus in 1081, and Robert's son Bohemund of Taranto was defeated there in 1107.
	mysite.verizon.net /vze7b2yg/id16.html (444 words)

	Maps of the Middle Ages
		The rather precise knowledge of the Hellenistic world about distances and locations in Southern and Central Europe, the Middle East and North Africa was not completely lost, but as it could not be communicated in writing easily, it was nearly inaccessible even to most monarchs and scholars.
		To keep them small and portable during those voyages when they were used, the sea, mountain ranges and all other things between roads are reduced to lines, peninsulas folded up against the continent or incorporated into it, and distances between towns not connected by referenced roads are arbitrarily distorted.
		His right hand is north of Albania, where, as Gervasius knew, do live the amazons under their queens Marpesia and Lampeta, the inhabitants of the city of Terbant and the wild Hyrcanians, which must be guarded least they break out and spread all over the world.
	www.granta.demon.co.uk /arsm/jg/worldmap.html (1834 words)

	history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Although the exact origin of Albania is not entirely known, records exist that trace their evolution from the ancient Illyrians.
		The Illyrians, who are believed to have evolved directly from the Stone Age, occupied the western area of the Balkans, from modern Slovenia to approximately half of the way through modern Greece.
		Albania is now facing new problems and challenges, but not from an insurgence of foreign attacks, from it's own people.
	iml.jou.ufl.edu /projects/students/Maguire/history.html (911 words)

	RISES AND FALLS IN SERBIAN STATEHOOD IN THE MIDDLE AGES
		From the middle of the ninth century onward, Serbia found itself in the path of the Bulgar expansion, and it became the scene of rivalry between the Byzantine Empire and Bulgaria.
		Stefan Nemanja abdicated the throne, appointing his middle son, Stefan, to replace him; Stefan was the son-in-law of the Byzantine imperial family.
		In architecture and in art the traditions of the Middle Ages were retained, and the old monuments served as models.
	www.suc.org /culture/history/Hist_Serb_Culture/Sima_Cirkovic.html (4906 words)

	albania history catholic and other albania related information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Wars of Albania 1800-1999, from ACED A Global History of Currencies : Albania History of the (Greek Catholic) Albanian Church, from Eastern Catholic Pastoral Association of Southern California Entry...
		Origin and history of the name Albania One of the first written evidences of the use of the word "Albanoi" as...
		Timeline of the Balkans · Albania and Catholic History · Illyria History · Illyrians · Kingdom of Illyria · Albania Middle Ages · Albania Ottoman Domination · League of Prizren · Serbs and Albanians...
	www.nethorde.com /albania/albania-history-catholic.html (312 words)

	Category:Middle Ages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three 'ages': the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times.
		The Middle Ages of Western Europe are commonly dated from the end of the Western Roman Empire (5th century) until the rise of national monarchies, the start of European overseas exploration, the humanist revival, and the Protestant Reformation starting in 1517.
		These various changes all mark the beginning of the Early Modern period that preceded the Industrial Revolution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Category:Middle_Ages (132 words)

	Dr. Robert Elsie - Early Albania. A Reader of Historical Texts
		Geographically, Albania has always been at the crossroads of empires and civilisations even though it has often been isolated from the mainstream of European history.
		In the Middle Ages, Albania was once again a buffer zone, this time between Catholic Italy and the Byzantine Greek Empire.
		The book is not a history of early Albania, but rather a collection of important historical documents and texts from the eleventh to the seventeenth centuries, which will add to an understanding of the early history and development of the country and its people.
	www.elsie.de /pub/b33.html (1246 words)

	[Projekat Rastko] Archaeology
		In spite of the fact that in the Tito era the practice of non-investigation of medieval culture and population was established, numerous archaeological testimonies have been collected, that is, material ones and easy to verify.
		About the middle of the X cent., the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus wrote that the emperor Heraclius (610-641) had assigned the province of Dalmatia to the Serbs, for the purpose of settlement (Constantine Porphyrogenitus De administrando imperio, Ed Gy.
		Contrary to the many instances of the material culture of Serbs in the Middle Ages, Albanians cannot show a single archaeological trace of their presence in Kosovo and Metohia.
	www.rastko.org.yu /arheologija/djordje_jankovic.html (1494 words)

	Balance of Power by Tom Clancy, ISBN 0425165566 And East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000-1500 by Jean W. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Although the Middle Ages saw brilliant achievements in the diverse nations of East Central Europe, this period has been almost totally neglected in Western historical scholarship.
		East Central Europe in the Middle Ages provides a much-needed overview of the history of the region from the time when the present nationalities established their state structures and adopted Christianity up to the Ottoman conquest.
		This loss of independence means that their history prior to foreign conquest has acquired exceptional importance in today's national consciousness, and the medieval period remains a major pointof reference and a source of national pride and ethnic identity.
	thephilocafe.com /balance.htm (390 words)

	Amazon.com: The Multiple Identities of the Middle East: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Multiple Identities of the Middle East is the kind of book that can reframe a reader's entire orientation to a subject, infusing one's perspective with empathy beyond anything an outsider to the region could possibly muster on his or her own.
		Within the "Middle East" (a term which he uses for the sake of familiarity, then quickly discards as being meaningless) both conflict and cohesion arise from these conflicting viewpoints.
		That people living in the Middle East identify themselves according to their mindless religious allegiances and their devotion to whichever brutal dictator is running their country at the time.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0805211187?v=glance (2501 words)

	roma2_8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A detailed study of the Roma in Albania, this series concentrates on the culture and lifestyle of the various Romany groups in Albania.
		This excellent look at the Roma in Albania during the Holocaust begins with an historical overview that details the Romany presence in Albania since the late Middle Ages.
		The Greater Albania that emerged during this period was free from some of the more deadly Nazi racial practices that so deeply affected the Roma in other parts of Europe.
	www.osi.hu /rpp/biblio/roma2_8.html (395 words)

	[Projekat Rastko - Gracanica-Pec] Djordje Jankovic: Middle Ages in Noel Malcolm's "Kosovo. A Short History" and real ...
		Some more substantial archeological excavations conducted in Albania are quite complementary, showing that the ancestors of the Albanians settled between the Drin and the Adriatic coast in the Middle Ages.
		The Albania situated within present-day Azerbaijan, mentioned by that name by Ptolemy, was referred to during the middle and latter Middle Ages as "Albania", "Agwank", "Aluank", "Arran", ar-Ran".
		For the sake of comparison with the location of Albania along the Salonika-Drač road, it is interesting to note that the Arabs connect the Albania in the Caucasus with the “gate” through which the steppe peoples invaded the areas south of the Caucasus.
	www.rastko.org.yu /kosovo/istorija/malkolm/djankovic-facts.html (5282 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Alessio
		It is one of the principal seaports of Albania, is favourably located near the mouth of the Drin, was founded by Dionysius of Syracuse, and was an important and beautiful city in the time of Diodorus Siculus.
		Like all the cities of Albania, it frequently changed masters in the Middle Ages until the Venetians took possession of it in 1386.
		The Mussulmans themselves respect the church and confide their treasures to the friars whenever they have reason to fear the rapacity of their pashas.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01284b.htm (645 words)

	THE MIDDLE EAST HANDBOOK - PEOPLE GROUPS
		They are descended from Arabs who migrated from Egypt to Chad in the Middle ages and then eastwards to their present abode, mixing with negroid peoples.
		Berbers of the Middle Atlas in Morocco who speak Tamazight, and are semi-nomadic pastoral tribes who live in permanent villages for part of the year and also migrate between summer highland and winter lowland pastures.
		Their centres are in the Atlas mountains and the Saharan oases: the Kabyle, Aures, Rif, Middle and High Atlas mountains, and the Saharan oases in the Maghreb and the Sahel.
	www.angelfire.com /az/rescon/MEHBKPPL.html (10436 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Volume V: The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049-1294. (ii.xii.iii)
		It was the general belief of the age that the Cathari derived their doctrinal views from heretical sects of Eastern Europe and the Orient, such as the Paulicians and Bogomili.
		About the middle of the twelfth century, heresy suddenly appeared again at Liége, and prosecutions were begun.
		He regards the Paulicians as the bridge between the Gnostics of the ancient Church and the sectaries of the Middle Ages, p.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/hcc5.ii.xii.iii.html (3344 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Badlands, Borderlands: A History of Northern Epirus/Southern Albania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is no news flash that Albanias neighbors have greedily been quarreling amongst themselves and with Albanians over its land for the pas X amount of years.
		The book market has overflown with material on the topic usually from bias religious or nationalistic inspired authors, and since Albania and Albanians haven't had the best conditions in trying to achieve their research being published, one may guess that the biases stand against them.
		One case in point is that if Greek writing is found in ruins located in modern Albania then the people must have been Greek, but it is never taken into account that Greek was the written language at the time and it makes sense that the Greek alphabet would be used.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0715632019 (911 words)

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