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	Albert von Le Coq - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Albert von Le Coq (1860 - 1930) was a German archaeologist and explorer of Central Asia.
		With the help of his assistant Bartus, Le Coq carved and sawed away over 360 kilograms (or 305 cases) of artifacts, wall-carvings, and precious icons, which were subsequently shipped to the Berlin Ethnological Museum.
		Le Coq explains these "borrowings" as a matter of necessity in "Buried Treasures", citing the turbulent nature of Turkestan at the time of the expeditions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Albert_von_Le_Coq (417 words)

	huns origin of
		Albert von Le Coq, after personably excavating and observing sculptures and statutes, gave sound judgments as to the timeline of the said migrations by people from the west, east and south.
		Albert von Le Coq concluded that three racial inputs converged in Chinese Turkestan, namely, Indo-European to the west, Indo-Iranian to the south and west, and Indians [should be Qiangic per translator Zhan Hongzhi of "Buried Treasures Of Chinese Turkestan"] to the south.
		Albert von Le Coq cited Chinese records in claiming that Tochari had intruded into the Yellow River bend in 3rd century BC till they were defeated by the Huns in 170 BC approximately [should be 177-176 BC].
	www.findthelinks.com /history/Huns_Turks/origin_of_huns.htm (5885 words)

	TURFAN EXPEDITIONS - (CAIS at SOAS) © (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In spite of Le Coq's repeated complaints the results of the second expedition were most impressive as far as the variety of the acquired objects and their quantity (103 crates) is concerned.
		Le Coq's interim leadership turned out to be so successful and his work so rich in sensational finds that it became accepted practice to regard his campaign as the complete second expedition, immediately passing over to the third expedition in December 1905 when Grünwedel, together with H. Pohrt, at last arrived in Kashghar.
		Le Coq for his part regarded Grünwedel as the reason why the activities of the second expedition could not have been extended to Dunhuang.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/Archaeology/turfan_expeditions.htm (5862 words)

	Albert von Le Coq -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Albert von Le Coq (1860 - 1930) was a (A person of German nationality) German (An anthropologist who studies prehistoric people and their culture) archaeologist and (Someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)) explorer of (additional info and facts about Central Asia) Central Asia.
		His account of the second and third German (A dialect of Tocharian) Turfan expeditions was published in English in 1928 as "Buried Treasures of Chinese Turkestan".
		Some of the paintings also led him to believe that he had found evidence of an (A member of the prehistoric people who spoke Proto-Indo European) Aryan culture, related to the (A smooth-textured sausage of minced beef or pork usually smoked; often served on a bread roll) Franks.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/al/albert_von_le_coq.htm (253 words)

	Albert of Sweden - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Albert of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Albert of Mecklenburg or Albrekt av Mecklenburg (appr.
		1336 – 1412), King of Sweden in 1364, Duke of Mecklenburg in 1383, son of Duke Albert II of Mecklenburg and Eufemia Eriksdotter, the sister to Magnus III of Sweden.
		He was deposed by Margaret, daughter of Valdemar IV Denmark, Queen Dowager of Norway, widow of Hakon VI and daughter in law of Magnus III of Sweden and VII of Norway, who became Regent of all three Kingdoms.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Albert-of-Sweden.html (177 words)

	A Closer Look - Cave as Canvas: Hidden Images of Worship along the ancient Silk Routes
		Initially, scholar-explorers such as Aurel Stein, and Paul Pelliot entered this region to conduct archaeological exploration and fieldwork.
		Between 1902 and 1914, a German expedition team headed by Albert Grünwedel and Albert von le Coq staged four campaigns to investigate various sites in the Turfan oasis and around the city of Kucha.
		Albert von le Coq wrote of his discovery: "Everywhere we found fresh, untouched temples, full of the most interesting and artistically perfect paintings, all of early date." Some of the wall paintings were subsequently removed and transported to Berlin; today they can be seen in the Museum für Indische Kunst in Dahlem.
	www.asia.si.edu /exhibitions/online/cave/2.htm (157 words)

	SBB: Orientabteilung / Sonstige Informationen / Literatur zur Orientabteilung / The Berlin Turfan-collection
		Between 1902 and 1914 German scholars under the leadership of Albert Grünwedel and Albert von Le Coq made excavations in the area of Turfan, Hami, Kucha and Karashahr.
		Albert von Le Coq himself, besides being an expert on Central Asian Art, became a good specialist in interpreting some of these languages.
		He made many transcriptions from these texts, which were used also by other scholars like F.W.K. Müller, Willy Bang and Annemarie von Gabain for their studies and are still of great interest today.
	staatsbibliothek-berlin.de /deutsch/abteilungen/orientabteilung/collection.html (1906 words)

	Silkroad Placeholder (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Albert von Le Coq and other archeologists from the late 19th and early 20th centuries felt that they were preserving artifacts by taking them from their original settings, and transporting them to museums in Europe, America or Japan.
		It never occurred to von Le Coq and his contemporaries that they did not have the right to remove the objects they uncovered, because they saw themselves as the "saviors" of the lost civilizations.
		In the time of von Le Coq, China was in a state of political upheaval, and there was no "controlling authority" overseeing or caring for those sites.
	www.askasia.org /Exhibit1/m1-home.htm (304 words)

	J.R. Ritman Library - Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica
		The four German expeditions to China (1903-1913) of Albert von le Coq and Albert Grünwedel of the Berliner Museum für Völkerkunde resulted in what thus far appear to be the most important archeological finds for the study of Manichaeism.
		The orientalist and language expert Von le Coq (1860-1930) brought the discoveries to Berlin and published the results of his expeditions to Turfan (East Turkestan) in 1923.
		As China came to regard the expeditions not as attempts to save their cultural heritage but rather as so many instances of cultural robbery (the methods of the early archeologists were not always very subtle), the Chinese government from 1925 made it increasingly difficult for expeditions to take treasures out of the country.
	www.xs4all.nl /~bph/c/p/h/bel_14.html (3392 words)

	Foreign Devils on the Silk Road Annotations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pelliot, von Le Coq, Grünwedel, Hedin and Stein (pp.
		While the academic Albert Grünwedel mostly wanted to study ruins in situ, an approach far ahead of his time, his colleagues Albert von Le Coq and Theodor Bartus, the expedition handyman, were caught up in the general frenzy to bring back a large volume of finds.
		As Grünwedel was the titular head of the expedition, he was often able to prevent wholesale grabbing and destruction of context, but at times his authority was ignored by Le Coq having Bartus secretly packing up the statue or whatever without the leader's knowledge.
	spotlightongames.com /quote/4ndevils.html (3067 words)

	Home
		Le Coq published the oldest text of the song in 1911.
		Le Coq invited these singing ladies to his place in Qaraxoja and recorded their songs into the Naxsha Sanduq (phonograph).
		According to Le Coq: "The poem sings of the love of one of the warriors of Yakub Beg for the most beautiful woman of the East, Ambar Khan of Dabancing.
	www.oqya.5u.com /photo4.html (562 words)

	The Silk Roads (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Albert Von Le Coq (1860–1930), our next protagonist, was an amateur explorer and archaeologist who was drawn to the art and artifacts of the region.
		Von Le Coq’s story lends itself to provocative classroom discussion of the ethics of the late nineteenth-century archaeologists and, for that matter, twentieth-century museum curators from the so-called developed world who have either spirited out or purchased works of art, regarded by some native peoples as part of the national patrimony, from so-called underdeveloped countries.
		Peter Hopkirk, Foreign Devils on the Silk Road (London: John Murray, 1980) is a highly readable account of the works of Von Le Coq and other adventurers on the Silk Roads in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
	www.aasianst.org /eaa/silkroad.htm (3342 words)

	destinations turpan baizeklik
		After which, the area's people were converted to Islam and the caves were subject to attack and fell into disrepair.
		Most of the statues and frescos here have either been destroyed by Muslims or by foreign adventurer-explorers, the most notorious of which was Albert von Le Coq.
		He stole numerous frescoes, a wall at a time, and shipped them off to Berlin for display, only for them to be destroyed in WWII bombing of Berlin.
	www.cntravel.biz /destinations/turpan/baizeklik.shtml (362 words)

	Otani Kozui - Wikpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Between 1902 and 1910, he financed 3 expeditions to Central Asia although his participation was stopped for his succession.
		Otani was a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, and played host to several of his fellow Central Asian explorers, such as Sven Hedin and Albert von Le Coq.
		His collection, often called "Otani collection" is still considered important in Central Asian study, although it is today scattered in Tokyo, Kyoto, China and Korea.
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Otani_Kozui (249 words)

	Iranica.com - GRÜNWEDEL, ALBERT
		The expedition brought back to Germany such abundant material that the arrangement of a second expedition (led by Albert von Le Coq) was assured.
		Much more than his colleague Le Coq, Grünwedel tended to the first method.
		Müller, "Albert Grünwedel," Mitteilungen zur Geschichte der Medizin der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik 35, 1936, p.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v11f4/v11f4008.html (956 words)

	Archaeology/Expedition
		Title: Le concile de Lhasa : une controverse sur le quiâetisme entre bouddhistes de l'Inde et de la Chine au VIII siáecle de l'áere chrâetienne.
		Title: Le chapitre CVII du Yuan che : les gâenâealogies impâeriales mongoles dans l'histoire chinoise officielle de la dynastie mongole / par Louis Hambis ; avec des notes supplâementaires par Paul Pelliot.
		Le Coq ; mit einem Beitrag von O. v.
	silkroadfoundation.org /bibliography/bibarch.html (6766 words)

	Channel 4 - History - The Silk Route
		In his later travels, he discovered several ruined cities on the south side of the desert, and removed a large number of ancient manuscripts from the city of Loulan.
		Sir Aurel Stein of Britain and Albert von Le Coq of Germany were the principal players, though the Russians, French and, later, the Japanese quickly followed.
		The biggest collections are in the British Museum and in Delhi (thanks to Stein) and in Berlin (thanks to von Le Coq).
	www.channel4.com /history/microsites/H/history/n-s/silkroute6.html (537 words)

	iranian.com: Mani and Manichaeaism, Mehrak Golestani
		Not only were previous studies being updated and revised, but new source material was also discovered and made accessible to scholars.
		Four archaeological expeditions, lead by German archaeologists Albert Grunwedel and Albert von Le Coq, were undertaken to Chinese Turkestan between 1902 and 1914, commonly known as the Turfan expeditions in reference to the Turfan basin area that they explored.
		During the course of these expeditions, an extensive amount of Manichaean art and manuscripts were discovered among the sand buried, ruined monasteries.
	www.iranian.com /History/2005/January/Mani (1808 words)

	ABRREVIATIONS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Le and Budden (2000): “Buddhism in Vietnam.” By: Le Manh That and Budden Gyoshi.
		Le Monde de la Brique Crue.” Pierre Leriche.
		Pelliot (1905): “Les livres chinois avant l’invention du papier.” Paul Pelliot.
	depts.washington.edu /~uwch/silkroad/texts/weilue/bibliography.html (7025 words)

	Nomination Form: UNESCO-CI
		The first field recordings coming into the Phonogramm-Archiv were made in 1902 by Felix von Luschan, the director of the Berlin Ethnographical Museum, during an expedition to Turkey, and by the linguist and africanist Carl Meinhof in East Africa (today named Tanzania).
		Travellers of quite varied professional origin such as geographers, linguists, ethnographers, physicians as members of expeditions, missionaries, colonial officers, and others, were supplied with an Edison phonograph and cylinders for recordings.
		As a result of these collecting activities and the ensuing musicological analysis and interpretation the Phonogramm-Archiv, under the directorship of von Hornbostel, became the German or even Central European center of Comparative Musicology, today also called the Berlin School of Comparative Musicology.
	portal.unesco.org /ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=4077&URL_DO=DO_PRINTPAGE&URL_SECTION=201.html (2041 words)

	The Glory of the Silk Road: Art from Ancient China - Dayton Art Institute - Absolutearts.com
		The phrase "Silk Road" was first coined by Baron Ferdinand von Richtofen in the mid to late 19th century.
		During the first quarter of the 20th century, a great number of Silk Road treasures were removed from Xinjiang and Dunhuang during the expeditions led by Sven Hedin, Aurel Stein, Albert von Le Coq, Gruwedel Albert, Paul Pelliot, Langdon Warner, and Otani Kozui.
		Unfortunately, significant portions of the Huang collection and the Le Coq collection were destroyed by fire during World War II.
	www.absolutearts.com /artsnews/2003/02/10/30737.html (962 words)

	The Silk Road (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		For this reason, the trade route to the East was seen by the Romans as a route for silk rather than the other goods that were traded.
		Sir Aurel Stein of Britain and Albert von Le Coq of Germany were the principle players, though the Russians and French, and then the Japanese, quickly followed suit.
		The biggest collections are in the British Museum and in Delhi, due to Stein, and in Berlin, due to von Le Coq.
	sunsite.nus.edu.sg /mw/iss04/silk.html (9269 words)

	Le coq - B.United International - A. Le Coq Imperial Extra Double Stout (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Les Champs Elysées · Le coq sportif · La Fleur de Lys · French Bread How has Le Coq Sportif come to be used as the sporting emblem of the French?
		Le Coq Sportif : Wendon Le Coq Sportif : Escrime.
		Find Le Coq or choose from the huge range of new music available from Peoplesound, the online MP3 download site featuring new music releases and the latest
	routup.com /r/le-coq.html (225 words)

	List of explorers
		Henry Hudson, (died 1570), discovered the Hudson River and sailed up it to Albany, discovered Hudson Bay
		Alexander von Humboldt, (1769-1859), explored Central and South America, visited Siberia
		Albert von Le Coq, (1860-1930), German explorer of Central Asia
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_explorers.html (1113 words)

	Chinese Architecture: Gaochang, Turpan
		A variety of adventurers, explorers and archeologists from Sweden, Germany, British India, Japan, the United States, Russia and, more, recently China have been important in uncovering valuable information about both the region and the ancient city.
		The German archeologist, Albert von Le Coq, for example, made significant discoveries in 1904 about the Nestorian and Manichean communities.
		Many of the treasures discovered in the early 20th century, however, now repose in a various libraries and museums in London, St. Petersburg, Berlin and New Delhi and other far-flung cities.
	www.orientalarchitecture.com /turpan/GAOCHANG.htm (736 words)

	Order of Nazorean Essenes
		I took specimens of them and dried them carefully in the hope of saving some of these manuscripts; but the separate pages crumbled off and dropped into small fragments, on which the remains of beautifully written lines, intermingled with traces of miniatures executed in gold, blue, red, green, and yellow, were still to be seen.
		An enormous treasure has been lost here...” Albert von Le Coq, Buried Treasures of Chinese Turkestan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, Toronto, 1985, p.
		"Eighth century Manichean texts were found by Le Coq at Karakhoja, although a large number of manuscripts were also tragically lost here when a superstitious native dumped a cartload into the river.
	essenes.net /loastlibrary.html (316 words)

	ARH 382 - ID List 8
		The German linguist and art historian who led two of the four German expeditions into Central Asia.
		He and von Le Coq worked for the Ethnological Museum in Berlin.
		Vajrapani - one of the constant protectors of the historical Buddha, Sakyamuni; known in Theravada Buddhism, but became more important early in the Mahayana period.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~arthist/jacobson/arh382/list08.htm (476 words)

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