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	Albigensian Crusade - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Albigensian Crusade (1209-1229) was a 20-year military campaign initiated by the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate the religion practiced by the Cathars of Languedoc, which the Roman Catholic hierarchy considered heretical.
		They were also called Albigensians because of the movement's presence in and around the city of Albi.
		One common method was proof of marriage, as Albigensians denounced the sacrament.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Albigensian_Crusade (2085 words)

	Albigensians - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Albigensians (French: Albigeois) literally means the inhabitants of Albi, a city in southern France.
		However, the term was used to refer to the later followers of Catharism, a Gnostic-like religious movement of southern France in the 12th and 13th century.
		When the term "Albigensians" or "Albigensian Crusades" are used they are usually referring to these later Cathars which were a branch of the earlier sect.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Albigensians (452 words)

	Albigenses. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1208 the papal legate, a Cistercian, Peter de Castelnau, was murdered, probably by an aid of Raymond VI of Toulouse, one of the chief Albigensian nobles.
		In 1233, Pope Gregory IX established a system of legal investigation in Albigensian centers and put it into the hands of the Dominicans; this was the birth of the medieval Inquisition.
		After 100 years of the Inquisition, of tireless preaching by the friars, and of careful reform of the clergy, Albigensianism was dead.
	www.bartleby.com /65/al/Albigens.html (586 words)

	Adelphiasophism: The Albigensians or Cathars - God or Goddess?
		The Albigensians take their name from Albi, an important town in one of those southern provinces of France which were to that country what southern California is to the United States.
		The Albigensians were still so strong after two years of the most brutal carnage that, when the Pope renewed the "crusade" in 1214, a fresh hundred thousand "pilgrims" had to be summoned.
		Catholic theologians say the Albigensians were "offended by the excessive outward splendour of Catholic preachers." Pope Innocent wrote a letter in 1204 to his Legate.
	www.adelphiasophism.com /gog/gg27.html (2472 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Albigenses
		The territory was ultimately ceded almost entirely by both Amalric and Raymond VII to the King of France, while the Council of Toulouse (1229) entrusted the Inquisition, which soon passed into the hands of the Dominicans (1233), with the repression of Albigensianism.
		The existence of an Albigensian Pope is not universally admitted.
		Properly speaking, Albigensianism was not a Christian heresy but an extra-Christian religion.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/01267e.htm (2060 words)

	Albigensians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is difficult to form any precise idea of the Albigensian doctrines, as all the existing knowledge of them is derived from their opponents, and the few texts from the Albigenses (the Rituel cathare de Lyon and the Nouveau Testament en provencal) contain very little information concerning their beliefs and moral practices.
		This ended in the treaty of Paris (1229), by which the king of France dispossessed the house of Toulouse of the greater part of its fiefs, and that of Beziers of the whole of its fiefs.
		The independence of the princes of the south was at an end, but, so far as the heresy was concerned, Albigensianism was not extinguished, in spite of the wholesale massacres of heretics during the war.
	brandt.kurowski.net /projects/lsa/wiki/view.cgi?doc=520 (921 words)

	Were the Albigensians Primitive Protestants? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		They are either radically non-Christian, even Gnostic (e.g., the Albigensians), or far too Catholic in what they retain (Waldenses, Hussites) to qualify as "proto-Protestant." Yet that doesn't stop certain Protestants (especially of the anti-Catholic variety) from latching onto these groups for polemical purposes.
		The most striking and demonstrably absurd example of this historical revisionism is the adoption of the Albigensians (a sub-group or variant of Catharism, which flourished particularly in the south of France).
		Rejecting the sacraments, the doctrines of hell, purgatory, and the resurrection of the body, and believing that all matter was bad, their moral doctrine was of extreme rigorism, condemning marriage, the use of meat, milk, eggs, and other animal produce.
	ic.net /~erasmus/RAZ290.HTM (1649 words)

	[No title]
		The false doctrine of which the Albigensians were a main example has always been latent among men in various forms, not only in the civilization of Christendom but wherever and whenever men have had to consider the fundamental problems of life, that is, in every time and place.
		The Albigensian district (known in French as "Albigeois") is practically the same as the department of Tarn, in the central French mountains: a district the capital of which is the town of Albi.
		It is possible to trace a sort of vague continuity between the Albigensian and the later Puritan groups, such as the Vaudois, just as it is possible to trace some sort of connection between the Albigensian and the earlier Manichean heresies.
	www.ewtn.com /library/HOMELIBR/HERESY5.TXT (4708 words)

	Holocaust Revealed
		The term pauvre bougre or poor bulgar as applied to the Albigensians came to be in the English poor booger.
		The conduct of the Albigensian Crusades of the thirteenth century is outlined in the paper General Distribution of the Sabbath-keeping Churches (No. 122).
		The Albigensians were in two divisions, the Vallenses or Waldensians and the local Cathari or Puritans.
	www.ccg.org /_domain/holocaustrevealed.org/Albigensians/Albigensian_Crusades.htm (2212 words)

	A fable for out time by Stephen Schwartz
		All that can firmly be stated is that bloody crusades were conducted against a supposed heresy, and that a large quantity of documentation assembled by their inquisitors is the only resource we have for study.
		He portrays the Albigensians as they were perceived by their persecutors, but in more vivid detail.
		The first is the purported adoption of extremely ascetic habits; the Albigensians are said to have sworn off all the activities associated with the material world, including sexual intercourse, marriage, procreation, and the consumption of meat.
	www.newcriterion.com /archive/20/oct01/cathars.htm (2114 words)

	[No title]
		From roughly A.D. 1000 to 1200, Albigensian bishops and priests predominated in France and Switzerland, and the heresy grew within the Church until it had become the norm.
		The Albigensians, it must be said, believed that they were practicing a purer faith, and had returned to ancient and apostolic traditions.
		Often the Albigensians were vegetarians; they practiced contraception and had ritualized euthanasia; adultery was not only sanctioned, but approved (as long as it was contraceptive) as a means of developing holiness.
	www.ewtn.com /library/NEWAGE/JUNGBELI.TXT (2063 words)

	St Dominic Catharism Troubadours Romance Albigensians
		But as yet there was no official action against the Albigensians and they were still allowed to develop their strength rapidly for years in the hope that spiritual weapons would be enough to meet them.
		Its aim was simple, to seek out and eradicate the remaining Albigensian heretics, and the Pope entrusted the implementation of the Inquisition to the Dominican monks and Dominic was appointed as one of the first lnquisitors.
		In France the movement was called the Albigensian heresy because the movement centered in the city of Albi in France.
	members.iinet.net.au /~dwomen/files/lyrics/dominiqueNotes.html (2392 words)

	Noble Army
		Asked for the reason of such strange behavior, she declares the food her parents are eating is poison for the soul, and that she will never marry because marriage is a gross and contemptible sin.
		An Albigensian synod was actually held in Toulouse in 1167, at which time they probably embraced a majority of the population of South France.
		The pope raised men from all over Europe to attack this "Albigensian heresy", and the same indulgences were given for this crusade against these fundamental Christians as had been given for crusades to the Holy Land.
	www.angelfire.com /ky/dodone/NA4.html (3512 words)

	ND Vision
		At this time, a heretical group called the Albigensians, or the Cathari, was gaining popularity in southern France and northern Italy.
		The Albigensians believed that matter was evil and that all people must abstain from sexual activities and follow very strict diets.
		In Dominic's extensive travels with Bishop Diego of Azevedo, the two men encountered the Albigensians and established groups of preachers and teachers to strengthen the Church and to deal with these widespread heretical beliefs.
	www.nd.edu /~ndvi/pages/inspiration/models/028.html (257 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Albigensian Crusade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Albigensians preached that an inseparable gulf existed between the material world, which was evil, and the spiritual world, which was good.
		In one of the few pitched battles of the campaign, the crusaders, commanded by Simon de Montfort, inflicted a defeat on the Albigensians at Murat in 1213.
		In a brilliant ruse, Montfort induced Peter of Aragon, the Spanish monarch who had taken up the Albigensian cause, to lift his siege of the city and attack its lightly guarded southeastern gate.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/ml_001100_albigensianc.htm (270 words)

	Albigensians and Catharism: the socciety organistation, the dogma, the crusade...
		Albigensians and Catharism: the socciety organistation, the dogma, the crusade...
		Philippe-Auguste had the opportunity there to grab all these treasures, and to silence these dangerous and impetuous vassals.
		The Albigensians' crusade was indeed a religious crusade, but first, it was a war of conquest
	dolphyns.free.fr /English_Version/albigensians.htm (1079 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Albigensians They were established in AN, France in the Eleventh century.
		Albigensians denied the sacraments and apposed the Church of Rome.
		The Waldensians They got their name because they followed Peter Waldo, who was a traveling French teacher who died in 1217.
	faculty.cbhs.org /jharris/WH_CH15_Sect1.doc (1470 words)

	History of the Rosary
		The first definite evidence for the promotion of what corresponds to the modern Rosary is found in the second half of the fourteenth century, in the work of Alan de la Roche and his fellow Dominicans, but traditionally this devotion goes back to the time of St Dominic himself or even earlier.
		According to Alan, Dominic had revived the practice of saying the Rosary in response to revelations from the Blessed Virgin while he was engaged in his fight against the Albigensians, as a means of winning them back to the Church.
		The Albigensians opposed Church authority, holding a dualistic view of reality with two 'gods,' one in which the spiritual realm had been created by the good deity and matter by the bad.
	www.theotokos.org.uk /pages/fatima/rosary.html (602 words)

	Apr. 11 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The difficulty we may feel in evaluating this period of church history lies in our own uneasiness about the intersection between religion and political power--religion, which looks to a kingdom not of this world, and power over others in this world, even to the use of deadly force.
		Afterwards, go back and reread the canons of the Fourth Lateran Council and try to determine which heretical doctrines are being addressed by specific portions of the text.
		The crusade against the Albigensians is an example of how the idea of holy war, most commonly associated with the Crusades in the middle east, became by extension a powerful tool for the Pope in conducting church policy.
	www.stolaf.edu /people/carringt/30-212/Apr11.html (604 words)

	Albigensian Crusade (1209-1255)
		The Cathars were particularly strong in southern France, in the region known as Languedoc, where the language of oc was spoken as opposed to the French language used in northern France.
		The northern French called the Cathars 'Albigensians' because of the strong representation of the belief's adherents in the town of Albi.
		Unlike his father (Philippe II), King Louis VIII was ready to expand the Royal domain with the bounty from the Albigensian affair.
	www.xenophongroup.com /montjoie/albigens.htm (6655 words)

	St. Dominic
		While studying at the university, Dominic was known for his holiness and generosity and was highly regarded as a model student.
		Once, while he was on a mission for the king, Dominic witnessed the destruction caused by the Albigensian heresy and began thinking of ways to stop the destruction.
		The Albigensians lived austere lifestyles, and Dominic realized that little headway would made converting them unless the preachers lived a holy lifestyle.
	www.catholic-forum.com /themes/st_dominic.html (418 words)

	Baptist Successionism
		In the book, the author attempts to show that historical heretical groups, Montanists, Novatianists, Donatists, Paulicians, Albigensians, Catharists, Waldenses, and Anabaptists were really early Baptists, and they were pursued by Catholics and wiped out.
		Albigensians, believed in two gods, one good and the other evil.
		Catharists, followers of all the heresies of the Albigensians.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/3975/baptist.htm (912 words)

	Jewish History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		(Capital of the Albigensians) 20,000 Christians and 200 Jews were massacred by de Montfort's troops.
		The Albigensians, who were named for a city in southern France, were one of a number of heretical Christian sects.
		The Church - furious that Jews still held public office and angry at the Albigensian's heresy - called for a crusade against the Albigensians.
	www.jewishhistory.org.il /1200.htm (484 words)

	Disputations
		There are those who identify themselves as Cathars (another name given the Albigensians of St. Dominic's day), which after a moment's thought isn't that surprising.
		The Albigensianism of eight hundred years ago was unabashedly a culture of death; suicide by starvation was highly commendable, while marriage and procreation were forbidden to the perfecti, those who had taken stringent vows.
		The rest (which, of course, was almost everybody) were credentes, believers, who were able to give free reign to their desires with a simple promise to become one of the perfect before they died.
	disputations.blogspot.com /2002_12_29_disputations_archive.html (1366 words)

	St. Dominic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1203 he accompanied Bishop Diego de Avezedo of Osma to Languedoc where Dominic preached against the Albigensians and helped reform the Cistercians.
		He founded an institute for women at Prouille in Albigensian territory in 1206 and attached several preaching friars to it.
		When papal legate Peter of Castelnan was murdered by the Albigensians in 1208, Pope Innocent III launched a crusade.
	www.thesacredheart.com /sts/dominic.htm (226 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Blessed Peter of Castelnau
		Assigned to work with the heretic Albigensians, to bring them back to the church.
		Martyred by Albigensians, probably with the support of Count Raymond VI of Toulouse who hoped to use the Albigensian crisis to increase his political power.
		Peter's murder sparked the Albigensian Crusade against the heretics in southern France.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/saintp3r.htm (114 words)

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