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	Albumen print - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The albumen print, invented in 1850 by Louis Désiré Blanquart-Evrard, was the first commercially exploitable method of producing a print on a paper base from a negative.
		It used the albumen found in egg whites to bind the photographic chemicals to the paper and became the dominant form of photographic positives from 1855 to the turn of the century, with a peak in the 1860-90 period.
		Albumen prints are placed in direct contact with the negative.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Albumen_print (283 words)

	A History of Photography, by Robert Leggat: The ALBUMEN process
		In the late 1840s albumen came to be used in the preparation of both negatives and printing paper, in order to increase the definition.
		The development of albumen printing paper, two years later, met with much greater success; this was introduced in France by Blanquart-Evrard, brought to this country by John Mayall and made known in England by Hugh Welch Diamond.
		Albumen printing paper continued to be in general use until the turn of the century, when gelatine paper began to replace it.
	www.rleggat.com /photohistory/history/albumen.htm (547 words)

	AlternativePhotography.com : how to make albumen paper
		Albumen papers should be used within hours of sensitization, otherwise a 1.5 to 2 stop reduction in density and speed can be expected.
		Albumen coating solution may be aged for up to several months to further denature the solution.
		Albumen prints require negatives of exceedingly high contrast range, usually above 2.0, dictating the need for full exposure (at least one stop more than a negative to be used for a silver gelatin print) and N+2 development.
	www.alternativephotography.com /process_albumen_paper.html (3684 words)

	JAIC 1994, Volume 33, Number 3, Article 4 (pp. 279 to 299)
		The one-time shrinkage of unsupported albumen observed in figure 7 should be released when albumen prints are rewet for sensitization, development, and washing after the initial dry-down of the albumen layer.
		The two albumen and paper composites in figure 5 swell 4% CD; thus the albumen is influencing the dimensional behavior of the paper base.
		The shrinkage of albumen prints and albumen/paper composites after successive rewetting is evidence that all the dried-in strains released in one swelling of unsupported albumen are not released when the albumen is attached to a paper support that will not swell much beyond 4–5%.
	aic.stanford.edu /jaic/articles/jaic33-03-004_4.html (1956 words)

	Albumen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Albumen prints were the common currency of photography for over 30 years during the middle part of the nineteenth century, just as resin coated Multigrade is for the latter part of the 20'th.
		Many albumen prints in museum collections are distinguished by their large size and by their spectacularly wide range of tones and fine detail.
		The albumen paper was coated with silver nitrate immediately before printing, giving a modified salt print, with a glossy surface which appeared to appeal to nineteenth century taste more than the matt surfaces of other processes.
	www.silverprint.co.uk /info/sos11.html (368 words)

	ECPA: To have and to hold: Albumen prints
		Albumen prints (1850-1890s) are probably the most common photographic print material of the 19th century.
		The first sign of deterioration of albumen prints is that the highlights become yellowish, eventually the whole print starts to fade and becomes yellow or brown, which is due to the effect of light on the albumen layer.
		Albumen prints must be kept in the dark and protected by UV filters when exposed to the public.
	www.knaw.nl /ecpa/photo/proces05.htm (310 words)

	Brady--Brady (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		An albumen print is a photograph printed on paper that is coated with an emulsion of egg white and brushed with light-sensitive silver salts.
		It is usually brown or sepia in color, with a shiny surface.
		Albumen prints became popular in the early 1860s, and remained the most common form of photograph until the turn of the century.
	www.npg.si.edu /exh/brady/albumen/album.htm (58 words)

	Paul Messier - Protein chemistry of of albumen photographstract
		The use of albumen as a tradition artist’s material is long and well established.
		In the egg, albumen is a relatively pure mixture of numerous proteins dispersed in water.
		As the water component dries off during albumen paper manufacture, the resulting surface coating is almost entirely protein.
	www.paulmessier.com /pm/papers/protein_ab.html (207 words)

	Antiques Roadshow/Antique Speak: Albumen
		If the albumen was fresh and the process done properly, the paper revealed an image with a wonderful tonality.
		From 1860 until about the turn of the century, albumen paper was the most popular variety used by photographers worldwide.
		Millions of albumen portraits of soldiers on cardboard mounts were displayed in homes and albums throughout the war and afterward.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/roadshow/speak/albumen.html (369 words)

	Albumen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The albumen consists of 4 alternating layers of thick and thin consistencies.
		As the egg ages, carbon dioxide escapes, so the albumen of older eggs is more transparent than that of fresher eggs.
		When egg albumen is beaten vigorously, it foams and increases in volume 6 to 8 times.
	www.iowaegg.org /allabouteggs/albumen.html (169 words)

	A. D. White Photographs, Albumen
		During the first stage of preparation, the viscous albumen coating fills in the pores of the paper and produces an even, slightly glossy surface.
		On very close examination, however, the surface may be covered with tiny fissures, as the albumen layer sometimes cracks as it dries.
		Although albumen prints are highly prone to fading, the general tone is yellowish, with cream-colored highlights and deep chocolate brown shadows.
	cidc.library.cornell.edu /adw/albumen.htm (395 words)

	Association of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis YafD with Resistance to Chicken Egg Albumen -- Lu et al. 71 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Supercoiled pBluescript II KS DNA (s.c.) was incubated with different concentrations of egg albumen for 10 min at 37°C. Effect of egg albumen on DNA in conjunction with protease K, EDTA, and heat treatments.
		Plasmid pBluescript II was incubated with untreated egg albumen or egg albumen treated as indicated at the top of the gel.
		Purified DNA was electrophoresed on agarose gels in triplicate, and the ratio of nicked DNA to supercoiled DNA was used to determine the nicking of plasmid DNA.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/71/12/6734 (4949 words)

	LM Wright and Co Ltd - Dried Egg Albumen Powder
		Egg albumen is a very efficient protein, forming a complex structural support when mixed with other ingredients.
		Acting as a natural leavener, egg albumen is the key to angel food cake and meringues.
		Egg albumen is recognised as an excellent natural source of protein, containing all the essential amino acids.
	www.lmwright.co.nz /albumen.htm (258 words)

	21 Steps to Albumen Printing by Mike Robinson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		To Make 500 mL of albumen which is enough to double coat about 50, 9 X 12 inch sheets of paper you need approximately 15 extra large eggs (if you're clumsy get two dozen).
		Pour the albumen through a filter into a glass baking dish, (Pyrex 10.5 X 15 X 2 inches).
		Albumen paper is very curly and should be mounted according to conservator's procedures.
	www.cwreenactors.com /collodion/21steps.htm (894 words)

	Dopamine stimulates snail albumen gland glycoprotein secretion through the activation of a D1-like receptor -- Mukai et ...
		dopamine to the isolated albumen gland of the freshwater pulmonate
		The major protein secreted by the albumen gland of Helisoma duryi is the 66 kDa glycoprotein subunit of Helisoma duryi albumen gland protein (HdAGP), which appears as a heavily stained band.
		Albumen glands were quartered and treated with either dopamine, a D1-selective agonist or dopamine + agonist.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/207/14/2507 (5757 words)

	Albumen Prints (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Albumen print was the most common photographic print used in the nineteenth century, and represents 80% of all surviving 19th century photographs.
		Because the paper was extremely thin, albumen prints were almost always placed on a thick mount.
		This program is funded under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act, from the Institute of Museum and Library Services, administered by the Florida Department of State, State Library and Archives of Florida.
	www.floridamemory.com.cob-web.org:8888 /OnlineClassroom/photographic-processes/albumen.cfm (120 words)

	Albumen Photographs, Japan, Described and Illustrated by the Japanese - 15 Sections (Volume) Set, 1897~8, Brinkley, ...
		The albumen paper was prepared by first floating a sheet of fine quality paper on a solution of albumen (hen egg white) mixed with a salt.
		In a final step, albumen prints are often rewet and mounted to a heavy weight paperboard using heat and high pressure.
		Albumen prints are known for their subtly graded tones and fine-grained resolution.
	www.baxleystamps.com /litho/brink_15/a.shtml (1389 words)

	NMRD of Egg Albumen
		It is well known that, after laying, hen egg albumen undergoes a liquefaction process that is usually referred to as "thinning".
		In another explanation albumen thinning was again related to the pH raise through ovomucin de-polymerization.
		In this work we supplement the available literature with new experimental data which were obtained by field cycling relaxometry using albumen samples from oiled and not-oiled eggs.
	www.ebyte.it /stan/Poster_NmrdOfAlbumen.html (322 words)

	FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
		Once albumen paper is sensitized, it has a very short life.
		Since learning to sensitize and process albumen paper is the major part of the task, we expect people who want albumen paper to do the initial albumen coating themselves.
		The medium came on the market almost simultaneously with the aesthetic urges variously known as "naturalistic photography," "art photography," and "pictorialism." The practitioners of these movements desired printing media that were both easily manipulated and substantially different than the ubiquitous albumen paper of the previous generation.
	www.albumenworks.com /faq.html (1818 words)

	Egg white - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Egg white is the common name for the clear liquid (also called albumen or glair/glaire) contained within an egg.
		It is often separated and used for cooking (for glairs, meringues, soufflés, and some omelettes), whence it derives its name: when albumen is beaten or cooked it turns white.
		In schools it is often used to teach pupils how to test for protein using Biuret reagent.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Albumen (841 words)

	D-Lib Featured Collection May 2003. Albumen Photographs: History, Science and Preservation
		The authors of Albumen Photographs are art conservators interested in the history and preservation of photography, the evolution of imaging technology and the use of new technologies for advancing knowledge.
		The science behind albumen and albumen prints is explained and illustrated in the section "Science".
		To discover additional features, you are encouraged to start at the home page, which is located at , and to explore and enjoy this educational and visually stunning collection.
	www.dlib.org /dlib/may03/05featured-collection.html (551 words)

	Bibi's box: Albumen
		Albumen prints were the new photographic technology in the middle of the 19th century.
		Large scale use of albumenized paper began in 1850 and extended through 1890, although craftspersons (and hobbyist) still make excellent albumen prints today.
		In the Industrial Revolution, technologies and materials were being actively explored and developed at a blistering pace.
	www.bibi.org /box/archives/photography/albumen.html (211 words)

	Albumen print - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the mid-1800's, the Carte de visite (also known as CdV) was one of the most popular forms of this type of printing process.
		a piece of paper is coated with an emulsion of egg white (albumen) and salt (usually sodium chloride).
		The albumends to seal the paper and create a slightly glossy surface.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Albumen_print (288 words)

	albumen - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Albumen : Hormel Glossary of Kitchen and Food Terms [home, info]
		Phrases that include albumen: albumen print, albumen or white
		Words similar to albumen: albumin, ovalbumin, egg white, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=albumen (249 words)

	ArtLex's Al-Am page (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		prints, on which egg whites (albumen) coated the paper in order to increase its sensitivity, adding to the brightness of whites in the picture.
		Albumen prints were the state of the art in photography from 1855 to 1895, when gelatin provided a more stable effect.
		1865-1866, albumen print from collodion wet plate negative, Cleveland Museum of Art.
	www.artlex.com.cob-web.org:8888 /ArtLex/Al.html (4028 words)

	www.myspace.com/albumen
		Albumen's Latest Blog Entry [Subscribe to this Blog]
		Albumen was formed on April 1st, 2005 after Andy answered Paul's craigslist ad looking for collaborators.
		Turns out they knew each other from work, but had no idea how damn cool they actually were.
	myspace.com /albumen (197 words)

	FENIX GALLERY - TAOS, NEW MEXICO - Artists - ZOE ZIMMERMAN
		CON B, Gold toned mat albumen print, 21" x 17", $800.
		CON A, Gold toned mat albumen print, 21.5" x 25.5" framed, $1200.
		CHO II, Gold toned mat albumen print, 21.5" x 25.5" framed, $1200.
	www.fenixgallery.com /artists_detail.php?ID=44 (1438 words)

	[ P r i n t i n g S e r v i c e s ] (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Chicago Albumen Works offers printing services to historical photographic collections in every major silver-based nineteenth and early twentieth Century photographic print medium: photogenic drawing paper, salt paper, albumen paper, and gelatine-chloride printing-out paper.
		All prints produced at the Chicago Albumen Works are indelibly marked to verify the details of their printing and their provenance.
		In addition to straight fl and white prints, the Chicago Albumen Works has developed a number of processing routines that can produce the feel of prints from earlier decades of the twentieth century.
	www.albumenworks.com.cob-web.org:8888 /printing.html (364 words)

	: Albumen, review at WorldSSP.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The ALBUMEN process In the late 1840s albumen came to be used in the preparation of both negatives and printing paper, in order to increase the definition.
		The Chicago Albumen Works specializes in the conservation and preservation of 19th and early 20th Century photographic negatives.
		Founded in Chicago in 1976, the firm moved to the Berkshire Hills of western Massachusetts in 1982.
	www.worldssp.net /webinfo.asp?proid=1828 (451 words)

	Albumen - Lake Desolation : Palebear Reviews and Resources
		The year is still mighty young, but I’ll go out on a limb and say the new Albumen record is one of the best of its “type” that I’ve listened to this year.
		Though I think they’ve gotten a full time drummer now (according to the site the band is a trio of Andrew, Paul and Mike).
		You can visit the Albumen website for more info on the band.
	www.palebear.com /albumen-lake-desolation/2006 (483 words)

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