
	Where results make sense

Topic: Alcohol intake

	Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University
		Heavy alcohol consumption is associated with increased risks of hypertension, hemorrhagic stroke, heart rhythm disturbances, damage to the heart, liver, and pancreas, dementia, accidents, injury, and violence.
		Although alcoholism is known to increase the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on cognitive function and the risk of dementia are less clear.
		While previous studies of alcohol intake and the risk of dementia have reported conflicting results (45, 46), two recent prospective studies that followed older adults without dementia for 6 years found that those who reported moderate alcohol intakes were significantly less likely to develop dementia than those who abstained from alcohol (47, 48).
	lpi.oregonstate.edu /infocenter/foods/alcohol/index.html (4070 words)

	HSS - Food and Alcohol Intake in Gout Reappraised (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		While dairy intake was generally considered not to be a negative factor, patients were generally not advised that increased low-fat dairy intake might be protective against gout.
		Since alcohol increases hepatic production of uric acid and decreases the excretion of uric acid from the kidney, it has been assumed that any type of alcohol would be a gout risk.
		Moderate intake of wine, two glasses of wine a day or less, was not associated with the development of gout.
	www.hss.edu /Professionals/Conditions/Gout-and-Pseudogout/Food---Alcohol-Intake-Gout (881 words)

	Alcohol intake and bowel cancer - maybe its not the alcohol
		A summary of studies on alcohol intake and bowel cancer was published in the April 20, 2004 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
		The authors concluded “a single determination of alcohol intake correlated with a modest elevation in bowel cancer rate, mainly at the highest levels of alcohol intake”.
		In this study, alcohol use was determined only once; it would have been nice if more data had been available on duration of use, specific drinking patterns, and changes in consumption.
	healthfullife.umdnj.edu /archives/alcohol_intake_archive.htm (836 words)

	[No title]
		If you drink alcohol, having one standard drink per day for women and two standard drinks per day for men may be good for your heart and may help lower blood glucose levels, which is of interest to people with diabetes.
		Increased alcohol intake reduced the risk of being admitted to hospital with heart problems such as acute myocardial infarct, CHD, angina or chronic ischaemic heart disease.
		Alcohol itself is not a carcinogen, but in animal experiments it may enhance the carcinogenic process without itself having an initiating capability.
	www.healthyeatingclub.com /info/articles/alcohol/alcohol.htm (1439 words)

	Alcohol Intake
		The association between alcohol intake and greater breast cancer risk has been observed regardless of the type of alcohol consumed, and alcohol intake has been shown to be associated with a higher risk for both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer [98].
		Alcohol consumption may be particularly deleterious for individuals with suboptimal intake of some nutrients such as folate, beta-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, and vitamin C [98].
		Animal data suggest that alcohol could act as a cocarcinogen by stimulating conversion of inactive to active metabolites that can bind to or damage DNA, by inhibiting carcinogen detoxification, or by impairing liver clearance of carcinogens [98].
	www.annieappleseedproject.org /alcoholintake.html (285 words)

	Alcohol and Diabetes Facts & Information
		Drinking alcohol in moderation is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 (adult-onset) diabetes, according to a large-scale Scandinavian study.
		Alcohol intake is associated with a lower prevalence of peripheral vascular disease in non-insulin dependent diabetic women.
		Alcohol intake and the risk of coronary heart disease mortality in persons with older-onset diabetes mellitus.
	www2.potsdam.edu /hansondj/HealthIssues/1104370191.html (722 words)

	Women and Alcohol
		Alcohol consumption is associated with a linear increase in breast cancer incidence in women over the range of consumption reported by most women.
		Although the mean lifetime dose of alcohol in female alcoholics is only 60% of that in male alcoholics, one study noted that cardiomyopathy (a degenerative disease of the heart muscle) and myopathy (a degenerative disease of skeletal muscle) was as common in female alcoholics as in males.
		Although alcohol problems are more common in male trauma patients, women with alcohol problems are just as severely impaired, have at least as many adverse consequences of alcohol use, and have more evidence of alcohol-related physical and psychological harm.
	www.cspinet.org /booze/women.htm (1100 words)

	Alcohol
		While heavy consumption of all types of alcoholic beverages seems to increase risk of these cancers, there is some suggestion that the association is more pronounced for hard liquor and beer than for wine.
		Although ethanol itself and alcoholic beverages have generally not induced cancer in experimental animals, the epidemiologic evidence is sufficient to establish carcinogenicity (IARC, 1988).
		Moderation of intake is the key to prevention of alcohol-induced cancer.
	rex.nci.nih.gov /NCI_Pub_Interface/raterisk/risks61.html (923 words)

	BIO\|ANALOGICS: Alcohol Intake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Abstention from alcohol should be advised for women during pregnancy and for people with other medical problems such as pancreatitis, advanced neuropathy, severe hypertriglyceridemia, or alcohol abuse.
		Heavy or excessive alcohol consumption is a leading avoidable cause of death in the U.S. However, epidemiological evidence in nondiabetic persons suggests that light-to-moderate alcohol ingestion in adults is associated with increased insulin sensitivity and decreased risk of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke.
		In adults with diabetes, chronic intake of light-to-moderate amounts (5—15 g/day) was associated with decreased risk for coronary heart disease, presumably due to the concomitant increase in plasma HDL cholesterol.
	www.imakenews.com /bioanalogics/e_article000054318.cfm (471 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Alcoholism
		Alcoholism is an illness marked by drinking alcoholic beverages at a level that interferes with physical health, mental health, and social, family, or occupational responsibilities.
		Physical dependence reveals itself by withdrawal symptoms when alcohol intake is interrupted, tolerance to the effects of alcohol, and evidence of alcohol-associated illnesses.
		Alcohol is involved in more than half of all accidental deaths and almost half of all traffic deaths.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000944.htm (2156 words)

	NTP-CERHR: Common Concerns - Alcohol
		For the purposes of this review, "alcohol" is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, also referred to as ethanol or ethyl alcohol.
		Alcohol in alcoholic beverages is identified as a developmental toxicant by the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA).
		When a pregnant woman drinks alcohol, so does her unborn baby." According to the March of Dimes (MOD 2002), "When a pregnant woman drinks, alcohol passes swiftly through the placenta to her baby.
	cerhr.niehs.nih.gov /common/alcohol.html (1775 words)

	Alcohol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The decrease in alcohol consumption was accompanied by an increase in water intake, so that the total volume of liquid consumed daily remained unchanged.
		Alcohol preference returned to baseline levels after the isoflavonoids were discontinued.
		The decrease in alcohol consumption was accompanied by an increase in water intake, so that the total fluid volume consumed daily remained unchanged.
	www.vitaminox.com /research/alcohol.htm (2393 words)

	CERI: Living with Alcohol
		Alcohol is metabolized in a multi-step process into various metabolites which have unique biochemical effects of their own.
		Although this is a powerful aldehyde detoxification mechanism, it is easily overwhelmed by the relatively large amounts of alcohol that are typically consumed with alcoholic beverages as compared to the amounts of alcohol and acetaldehyde that are produced through normal metabolism.
		Alcoholics are known to be thiamine depleted, but whether this depletion is caused by diminished intestinal absorption of thiamine by alcohol or by destruction of thiamine by acetaldehyde is not known.
	www.ceri.com /alcohol.htm (2249 words)

	Alcohol: Nutrition Source, Harvard School of Public Health
		In the U.S., alcohol is implicated in about half of fatal traffic accidents.(1) Heavy drinking can damage the liver and heart, harm an unborn child, increase the chances of developing breast and some other cancers, contribute to depression and violence, and interfere with relationships.
		The most definitive way to investigate the effect of alcohol on cardiovascular disease would be with a large trial in which some volunteers were randomly assigned to have one or more alcoholic drinks a day and others had drinks that looked, tasted, and smelled like alcohol but were actually alcohol-free.
		Alcohol blocks the absorption of folic acid and inactivates folic acid in the blood and tissues.
	www.hsph.harvard.edu /nutritionsource/alcohol.html (3072 words)

	Regular Alcohol Intake Ups Breast Cancer Risk
		May 16, 2005 (Orlando, Fla.) -- Alcohol may be good for your heart in moderation, but drinking as little as half a glass of wine a day may raise a woman's risk of developing breast cancer,wine a day may raise a woman's risk of developing breast cancer, a new study shows.
		studies have linked alcohol intake with an increased breast cancer risk.
		Therefore, regular use of alcohol is thought to increase the risk of breast cancer by increasing blood estrogen levels.
	www.webmd.com /content/Article/106/108022.htm (484 words)

	Medindia men's Health (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Alcohol has always been an important part of social occasions and rituals in some way or the other in different cultures of the world.
		For most people who drink alcohol, it is a pleasant act which is an accompaniment to their social activities.
		A moderate and safe alcohol intake for men would be up to two drinks per day and for women one drink per day.
	rediff.medindia.net /alcoholabuse.asp (250 words)

	ACS :: Alcohol Intake Tied to Breast Cancer Risk
		It is likely that 2% of women in the US can consider alcohol as having a role in the development of their breast cancer, the authors say.
		Another reason may be that women who consume large amounts of alcohol may not eat a healthy diet.
		Alcohol may also influence levels of hormones, such as estrogen, which may increase breast cancer risk.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/NWS/content/NWS_1_1x_Alcohol_Intake_Tied_to_Breast_Cancer_Risk.asp (417 words)

	Hepatitis C and Alcohol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Daily alcohol intake was not associated with fibrosis in multivariate analysis, but patients with cirrhosis had greater total lifetime alcohol consumption than did patients who did not have cirrhosis.
		Both past and current heavy alcohol use also have been associated with a decrease in patients' responses to interferon-based therapy, but studies largely have been retrospective and small, and have not addressed the question of whether patient compliance with therapy is also affected by alcohol.
		Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma: the effect of lifetime alcohol intake and hepatitis virus infections in men and women.
	www.hepatitis.va.gov /vahep?page=tp03-03-06-01 (1972 words)

	Effects of Alcohol \| Alcohol Facts \| Alcohol Addiction
		When a person drinks alcohol, the alcohol is absorbed by the stomach, enters the bloodstream, and goes to all the tissues.
		The effects of alcohol are dependent on a variety of factors, including a person's size, weight, age, and sex, as well as the amount of food and alcohol consumed.
		Sudden cessation of long term, extensive alcohol intake is likely to produce withdrawal symptoms, including severe anxiety, tremors, hallucinations and convulsions.
	www.drugfree.org /Portal/Drug_Guide/Alcohol (363 words)

	Moderate alcohol intake helps women think
		Possible mechanisms include that alcohol increases levels of “good” cholesterol and lowers the risk of stroke, that it may decrease the formation of plaque that is associated with Alzheimer’s disease and that it may increase the release of brain chemicals that affect learning and memory.
		Previous studies have also indicated that moderate levels of alcohol intake reduce the risk of dementia and decline in cognitive function.
		The researchers adjusted for other factors that might affect the results, such as education level and family income, and still found the same pattern of moderate alcohol intake associated with better cognitive function and less risk of dementia.
	www.health.am /psy/more/alcohol-intake-helps-women-think (708 words)

	Alcohol Screening
		Alcoholic beverages are harmful when consumed in excess, and some people should not drink at all.
		Too much alcohol may cause social and psychological problems, cirrhosis of the liver, inflammation of the pancreas, and damage to the brain and heart.
		Alcohol alters the effectiveness or toxicity of many medications, and some medications may increase blood alcohol levels.
	www.alcoholscreening.org /AS/consumption.aspx?CID=11 (641 words)

	Light and Moderate Alcohol Intake May Have Minimal or No Effect on Fibrosis Development in HCV Infection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Patients with HCV are generally counseled by their physicians to abstain from drinking alcohol, despite the fact that light alcohol intake, which most patients practice, has not been shown to lead to worse liver disease.
		The researchers did not find a statistically significant association between alcohol intake and mean fibrosis on liver biopsy until a consumption level of 50 g/day of alcohol, and this only in univariate analysis.
		Light and moderate alcohol intake may be playing a role in fibrosis, but even with 800 patients, the cohort size may be inadequate to demonstrate the subtle effect of low amounts of alcohol on fibrosis.
	www.hivandhepatitis.com /hep_c/news/2004/031204a.html (754 words)

	Limit Alcohol Intake
		Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure.
		Alcoholic drinks also contain calories, which matter if you are trying to lose weight.
		If you drink alcoholic beverages, have only a moderate amount — one drink a day for women; two drinks a day for men.
	www.nhlbi.nih.gov /hbp/prevent/l_alcohol/l_alcohol.htm (93 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Hangover (Acute Alcohol Intoxication)
		A hangover is the set of symptoms caused by excessive alcohol intake.
		Drinking alcohol is nearly always the cause of a hangover.
		There is a significant risk of death from alcohol poisoning if individuals drink too much too fast or ignore the symptoms of a hangover and continue drinking.
	www.healthopedia.com /hangover (290 words)

	Lipids Online Slides: alcohol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
		This subject population was chosen to minimize the confounding factors of puberty, obesity, physical activity, and alcohol intake on HDL-C levels.
		Alcohol use increases HDL-C in a dose-dependent manner (although one must consider the amount of calories added to the diet by alcohol consumption), whereas caloric restriction acutely lowers HDL-C concentrations.
		Alcohol does raise levels of HDL-C, though its clinical role is uncertain; in general, the prescription of alcohol for the goal of HDL-raising is discouraged.
	www.lipidsonline.org /slides/slide01.cfm?q=alcohol (1375 words)

	Phase Two: Reducing Alcohol Intake
		Reducing your intake of alcohol will greatly improve your ability to reach a higher level of fitness and your goal weight.
		Alcohol has almost as many calories as pure fat, and when it comes to gaining weight, alcohol is even worse than eating pure fat.
		Alcohol is absorbed almost immediately and dumped right into the bloodstream.
	www.oprah.com /health/bob/program/bob_program_phase_2_alcohol.jhtml (223 words)

	Study Links Alcohol Intake to HIV Progression
		However, he stressed that the findings only offered "suggestive evidence that alcohol plays a role in outcomes of people with HIV." "Attention to the alcohol consumption in HIV patients is important for both physicians and patients," said Samet, who is at Boston University.
		They found that patients taking antiretroviral drugs who were moderate or problem drinkers had higher levels of HIV in their blood and lower CD4 counts, a sign of immune function.
		Future studies will need to follow patients over time to see whether or not alcohol is associated with adverse HIV outcomes, he noted.
	www.aegis.com /news/ads/2003/AD031031.html (589 words)

	References \| Alcohol: Problems and Solutions
		The protective effect of alcohol on the occurrence of epidemic oyster borne hepatitis A. Epidemiology, 1994, 5, 525-532.
		Nutrient intake and use of beverage and the risk of kidney stones among male smokers.
		Alcohol intake in relation to diet and obesity in women and men.
	www2.potsdam.edu /hansondj/HealthIssues/references/1072877774.html (1200 words)

	ScienceDaily: Researchers Shed Light On Anxiety And Alcohol Intake
		Alcohol intake reduced anxiety-like behaviors in the P rats, aneffect that was associated with increased CREB function and NPYproduction in the central and medial amygdala.
		It is the key psychological factor driving the impulse to drink alcohol and one of the first symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.
		Alcoholism And Excessive Food Intake May Share Chemical Pathways In The Brain (December 31, 2004) -- Galanin is one of several neuropeptides known to increase food intake.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2005/10/051005080853.htm (1676 words)

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