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	Aldfrith of Northumbria - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aldfrith (died December 14, 704) was a King of Northumbria (685 - 704).
		Aldfrith's presence in Ireland was perceived as a threat to Ecgfrith's throne, and that is probably why Ecgfrith sent his men to ravage Meath in 684 AD.
		Although the power of Northumbria had been seriously weakened by the destruction of its army by the Picts at Nechtansmere, Aldfrith is credited with mitigating the damage and stabilizing the kingdom.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aldfrith_of_Northumbria (342 words)

	Aldfrith (Catholic Encyclopedia) - BibleWiki
		Aldfrith restored Northumbria, which had been nearly ruined by warfare in the preceding reign, to peace and prosperity.
		The dissension between Aldfrith and Wilfrid was largely due to their respective advocacy of two different schools of learning—the Roman and the Irish—and of administration, one favouring the Roman and the other the Irish party.
		William of Malmesbury says Northumbria was considerably restricted through victories of the Picts, and Bede dates the deterioration of ecclesiastical administration in the kingdom from Aldfrith's death.
	bible.tmtm.com /wiki/Aldfrith_%28Catholic_Encyclopedia%29 (277 words)

	NORTHUMBRIA - LoveToKnow Article on NORTHUMBRIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		He was succeeded in 705 by his son Osred, and under him and his successors Northumbria began rapidly to decline through the vices of its kings and the extravagance of their donations.
		It was during his reign in 827 that Northumbria acknowledged the supremacy of Ecgberht, king of Wessex.
		The southern part of Northumbria now passed entirely into the hands of the invaders, but they allowed a certain Ecgberht to reign over the portion of the kingdom north of the Tyne.
	40.1911encyclopedia.org /N/NO/NORTHUMBRIA.htm (2241 words)

	Aldfrith of Northumbria -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Aldfrith (died December 14, (Click link for more info and facts about 704) 704) was a (A male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom) King of (An Anglo-Saxon kingdom in northern England until 876) Northumbria ((Click link for more info and facts about 685) 685 - (Click link for more info and facts about 704) 704).
		When Aldfrith's half-brother, (Click link for more info and facts about Ecgfrith of Northumbria) Ecgfrith of Northumbria, died at the (Click link for more info and facts about Battle of Nechtansmere) Battle of Nechtansmere on May 20, (Click link for more info and facts about 685) 685, he left behind no heirs.
		Although the power of Northumbria had been seriously weakened by the destruction of its army by the (Click link for more info and facts about Picts) Picts at Nechtansmere, Aldfrith is credited with mitigating the damage and stabilizing the kingdom.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/al/aldfrith_of_northumbria.htm (411 words)

	Kingdom of Northumbria (Anglo-Saxon Age) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Aldfrith the illegitimate son of the late King Oswy and an Irish princess, became the new King of Northumbria and although his reign seemed to signify and end to political expansion, art and learning would flourish under his rule.
		Wilfrid was banished from Northumbria and John of Beverley was reinstated as Bishop of Hexham.
		The age of Bede was something of a heyday for the Kingdom of Northumbria, but in the late eighth century Northumbria was plagued with weak leadership and collapsed into a state of anarchy caused by rivalry between the royal houses of Deira and Bernicia.
	www.thenortheast.fsnet.co.uk /KingdomofNorthumbria.htm (6552 words)

	Northumbria -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		During its most flourishing period it extended from the Irish Sea to the North Sea, between two west–east lines formed in the north by the Ayrshire coast and the Firth of Forth and in the south by the Ribble River, or the Mersey, and the Humber.
		The supremacy of Northumbria and the rise of Mercia
		Aethelfrith was himself defeated and killed in 616 by Edwin, the exiled heir...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9056278 (642 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ecgfrith of Northumbria
		Northumbria, an kingdom of Angles in northern England, was initially divided into two kingdoms, Bernicia and Deira.
		Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of an Anglian kingdom which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, and of the much smaller earldom which succeeded the kingdom.
		The Battle of the Winwaed was fought on November 15, 655 between King Penda of Mercia and Oswiu of Bernicia, ending in the Mercians defeat and Pendas death.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ecgfrith-of-Northumbria (1272 words)

	Aldfrith of Northumbria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		When Aldfrith's half-brother, Ecgfrith ofNorthumbria, died at the Battle of Nechtansmere on May 20, 685, he left behind no heirs.
		Bede tells a story of Ecgfrith's sister, Elfleda, asking Saint Cuthbert who could possibly take over the kingdom after her brother'sdeath, only to be reminded of the existence of Aldfrith, a scholar who had previously lived a quiet life of study in Ireland andon the island of Iona.
		During hisreign, Northumbria enjoyed a degree of peace it had rarely seen in the preceding generations, and under the scholarly Aldfrith,it seems that literature flourished.
	www.therfcc.org /aldfrith-of-northumbria-250726.html (254 words)

	Ecgfrith of Northumbria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		During Penda of Mercia 's invasion of Northumbria in 655, the young Ecgfrith was taken as a hostage by Penda;however, he was freed after the Northumbrians killed Penda at the Battle of Winwaed.
		He had married Æthelthryth, the daughter of Anna of EastAnglia, in 660 ; however, she took the veil shortly after Ecgfrith's accession, a stepwhich possibly led to his long quarrel with Wilfrid, the Archbishop of York.Ecgfrith married a second wife, Eormenburg, before 678, the year in which he expelled Wilfridfrom his kingdom.
		In 685, against the advice of Cuthbert, he led a force against the Picts, who were led byhis cousin Brude mac Bili, but was lured by a feigned flight into their mountain fastnesses and slain at Nechtansmere (now Dunnichen) in Forfarshire.
	www.therfcc.org /ecgfrith-of-northumbria-76669.html (337 words)

	Kings of Northumbria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		From around 550 AD two Anglian kingdoms emerged in Northumbria.
		To the north of the River Tyne, occupying present-day Northumberland, was Bernicia, with its capital at Bamborough, ruled by the House of Ida.
		The two kingdoms were joined in 588 AD as Northumbria.
	www.chrisbutterworth.com /hist/nortking.htm (127 words)

	EBK: St. Cuthburga, Abbess of Wimborne
		He was the illegitimate son of Oswiu, King of Northumbria, and was educated among the monks of Iona.
		They were the parents of Osred, King of Northumbria, and probably of St. Osana.
		Aldfrith and Cuthburga eventually separated for religious motives.
	www.earlybritishkingdoms.com /adversaries/bios/cuthburga.html (421 words)

	Anglo-Saxons.net : Timeline: 597-627
		Bede saw the fulfillment of this prophecy in the battle of Chester of c.613, in which the prayers of British monks proved ineffective against the wrath of Æthelfrith of Northumbria.
		Penda would defeat the Northumbrians a second time in 642 at the battle of Maserfelth, when he would kill Oswald of Northumbria, and Penda would himself be killed in the Northumbrians' second victory, at the battle of Winwæd of 655.
		It was once thought that the last of these, Aldfrith, witnessed a single charter confirmed by Offa of Mercia (S 1183), but this is now thought to be more probably a mangled attestation of Offa's son Ecgfrith (see Kelly, Selsey, p.
	www.anglo-saxons.net /hwaet?do=seek&query=597-627 (6679 words)

	Encyclopedia: Aldfrith of Northumbria
		Events Justinian II re-takes the throne of the Byzantine Empire Cenred succeeds to the throne of Mercia after his uncle Aethelred abdicates to become abbot of Bardney Births Deaths Adamnan, abbot of Iona (b.
		Mercia, sometimes spelled Mierce, was one of the kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon heptarchy, in what is now England, in the region of the Midlands, with its heart in the valley of the River Trent and its tributary streams.
		Categories: Anglo-Saxon monarchs Ecgfrith (645â€“May 20, 685) was the King of Northumbria from 670 until his death.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Aldfrith-of-Northumbria (902 words)

	Aldfrith of Northumbria - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Aldfrith of Northumbria - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This page was last modified 15:00, 2 Apr 2005.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Aldfrith of Northumbria contains research on
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Aldfrith (305 words)

	FreisslerSoft Books Northumbria
		Medicine in Northumbria : essays on the history of medicine in the north east of England
		Northumbria's lordly strand : the Northumbrian coast from Berwick to Tynemouth
		Northumbria, Durham and Northumberland: Newcastle upon Tyne, Durham City, Berwick upon Tweed, Teesside, the hills, the coast, industrial Northumbria
	www.freisslersoft.com /no/Book_Northumbria.html (280 words)

	School of Celtic Studies - Celtica Volume 22 (1991)
		Retrieving the pronunciation of early Insular Celtic scribes: the case of Dorbbéne (PDF, 193k)
		Aldfrith of Northumbria and the Irish genealogies (PDF, 189k)
		The chronological structure of the Sixth Age in the Rawlinson fragment of the `Irish World-Chronicle' (PDF, 270k)
	www.celt.dias.ie /publications/celtica/c22.html (220 words)

	Aelfwine of Deira -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		He was a son of (Click link for more info and facts about Oswiu of Northumbria) Oswiu of Northumbria and a brother of (Click link for more info and facts about Ecgfrith of Northumbria) Ecgfrith of Northumbria.
		After the succession of Ecgfrith as king of (An Anglo-Saxon kingdom in northern England until 876) Northumbria in 670, he made Aelfwine king of the sub-kingdom of Deira.
		Aelfwine was still a boy at the time, and the title may have been intended to designate him as the heir of the childless Ecgfrith.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Ae/Aelfwine_of_Deira.htm (166 words)

	Aethelwald of Deira -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		He was the son of (Click link for more info and facts about Oswald of Northumbria) Oswald of Northumbria.
		After (Click link for more info and facts about Oswine of Deira) Oswine of Deira was killed by King (Click link for more info and facts about Oswiu of Northumbria) Oswiu of Northumbria in (Click link for more info and facts about 651) 651, Aethelwald became king.
		However, when the armies of Oswiu and Penda met on November 15 at the (Click link for more info and facts about Battle of the Winwaed) Battle of the Winwaed, Aethelwald withdrew his forces.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Ae/Aethelwald_of_Deira.htm (202 words)

	Before Unification
		Northumbria was not only the most powerful kingdom in the North of England during the 7th Century, it was also the foremost cultural and intellectual center.
		There Alcuin was a major figure in the Carolingian Renaissance, helping the reform of calligraphy that led to Carolingian miniscule - the direct forerunner of modern print typeface.
		The death of Aldfrith of Northumbria in 704 and that of Oswulf in 725, both led to violent disputes about the succession to the throne.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/123/123%2061%20AngloSaxons%20IV.htm (778 words)

	§5. Aldhelm and his School. V. Latin Writings in England to the Time of Alfred. Vol. 1. From the Beginnings to the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-05)
		Another important production of our author—important as exemplifying his secular learning, though it never attained the popularity of his other words—is the Letter to Acircius (king Aldfrith of Northumbria), which contains a disquisition on the number seven, a treatise on the hexameter and a collection of riddles in verse.
		The probability is that he read Greek books when studying under Hadrian, but that in later life he possessed none of his own.
		That they were immensely popular we can see from the number of existing copies of the treatise on virginity and the letter to Aldfrith.
	www.bartleby.com /211/0505.html (3490 words)

	Britannia Biographies: St. Osana
		Osana was probably the daughter of King Aldfrith of Northumbria and St. Cuthburga.
		There is, however, some uncertainty for, though she is said to have been the sister of Osred, King of Northumbria, it is unrecorded as to which one.
		She is not heard of in early history and her existence is in some doubt.
	www.britannia.com /bios/saints/osana.html (329 words)

	Timeline
		In this year fierce, foreboding omens came over the land of Northumbria, There were excessive whirlwinds, lightning storms, and fiery dragons were seen flying in the sky.
		These signs were followed by great famine, and on January 8th of the same year, the ravaging of heathen men destroyed God's church at Lindesfarne.
		A great heathern force swarmed over Northumbria, burnt churches, villages, and crops in a wide radius of York.
	www.oghgul.org /quest/timeline.htm (1103 words)

	GERMANIA: Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Vandals, Vikings, Orkney, etc.
		Eventually, Northumbria, East Anglia, Essex, and about the north-eastern half of Mercia were overrun and became part of the Danelaw.
		Fortunately, the sons of Ragnar are supposed to have divided his inheritance, and this begins to get us on more secure historical ground (which means that the 9th century rather than the 8th century dates for Ragnar are probably more like it).
		Especially noteworthy is the line of descent that involves rulers of York (Northumbria), the Isle of Man, and Dublin.
	www.friesian.com /germania.htm (6301 words)

	The Heroic Age: Reviews
		Old Irish Wisdom Attributed to Aldfrith of Northumbria: An Edition of Bríathra Flainn Fhína maic Ossu Tempe, Arizona: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1999, xiii, 244 pages (Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies Volume 205).
		Colin Ireland has undertaken the task of editing the most important Old Irish text ascribed to Aldfrith, the Bríathra Flainn Fhína maic Ossu, the 'Sayings of Flann Fína son of Ossu.' These are a collection of gnomic sayings, consisting of three-word maxims (288 in Ireland's edition; actually the numbers vary somewhat from MS to MS).
		Ireland concludes that 'the ascription of these Old Irish maxims [in two MS families] to Flann Fína mac Ossu is a manifestation of the esteem accorded to this king of Anglo-Saxon Northumbria by subsequent Irish learned circles' (56).
	www.mun.ca /mst/heroicage/issues/4/reviews.html (14798 words)

	Anglo-Saxons.net : People
		Aldfrith, king of Northumbria (686 - 14 December 705)
		Eadberht, king of Northumbria (737 - 758 [resigned, became a monk])
		Osred II, king of Northumbria (788 - 790 [expelled, tonsured, and exiled])
	www.anglo-saxons.net /hwaet?do=show&page=People (1311 words)

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