
	Where results make sense

Topic: Aldose

Related Topics

Arabinose

Aldopentose

Ribose

Carbohydrate

	AKR1B1 - aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B1 (aldose reductase)
		Aldose reductase (AR) is an NADPH dependent enzyme that catalyses the reduction of the aldehyde to the corresponding alcohols.
		Aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) are the enzymes constituting the polyol pathway, an alternate route of glucose metabolism.
		The existence of a multi-component equilibrium involving a reversible reaction was demonstrated in the anaerobic reaction of NADPH-adrenodoxin reductase or ferredoxin-NADPH reductase; EC 1.18.1.2 (AdR) with NADPH or in the photoreduction of AdR in the presence of NADP+ and EDTA.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gg/86363.html (5644 words)

	Aldose reductase inhibitor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Aldose reductase inhibitors are a class of drugs being studied as a way to prevent eye and nerve damage in people with diabetes.
		Aldose reductase is an enzyme that is normally present in the eye and in many other parts of the body.
		Drugs that prevent or slow (inhibit) the action of aldose reductase are being studied as a way to prevent or delay these complications of diabetes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aldose_reductase_inhibitor (162 words)

	Inhibitory activity of Cinnamomum cassia bark-derived component against rat lens aldose reductase.
		Aldose reductase, as a key enzyme in the polyol pathway, is reported to catalyze the reduction of glucose to sorbitol.
		Aldose reductase inhibitors including quercitrin are currently the most commonly used oral agents for their good penetrations through cellular membranes and fast metabolism of sorbitol by sorbitol dehydrogenase.
		Kador, P.F., Robison, W.G. and Kinoshita, J.H., The pharmacology of aldose reductase inhibitors.
	www.ualberta.ca /~csps/JPPS5(3)/H.Lee/cinnamoumum.htm (2444 words)

	Diabetes: Aldose reductase inhibition and glomerular abno... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Aldose reductase inhibition and glomerular abnormalities in diabetic rats.
		Aldose reductase is present in the normal kidney, particularly in the papilla and glomerular epithelial cells, but aldose reductase is also present in other cells such as the distal tubule [9].
		Although the physiological significance of aldose reductase is difficult to discern in many tissues, its primary role in the kidney seems to be in the generation of sorbitol to assist in the papilla's defense against osmotic stress [17].
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:13384140&refid=holomed_1 (4010 words)

	UpToDate Aldose reductase inhibitors in the prevention of diabetic complications
		Clinical trials of several antioxidants, including aldose reductase inhibitors, alpha-lipoic acid, vitamins C and E, and growth factors, in diabetic neuropathy are in progress.
		To date, however, despite strong evidence that oxidative stress is associated with diabetic complications including nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, clinical trials of several antioxidants (such as aldose reductase inhibitors, alpha-lipoic acid, vitamins C and E, and growth factors) in diabetic neuropathy and retinopathy have not established therapeutic efficacy [2].
		However, erythrocyte aldose reductase activity in NIDDM is not correlated with age, duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose, or HbA1c [7].
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=glomrdis/22550 (545 words)

	Correlation between erythrocyte aldose reductase level and human diabetic retinopathy -- Oishi et al. 86 (12): 1363 -- ...
		Polymorphism of the aldose reductase gene is associated with aldose reductase protein levels and diabetic microangiopathy.
		Clinical analysis of aldose reductase for differential diagnosis of the pathogenesis of diabetic complication.
		Aldose reductase inhibitor (CT-112) eyedrops for diabetic corneal epitheliopathy.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/86/12/1363 (2504 words)

	Induction of Rat Aldose Reductase Gene Transcription Is Mediated through the cis-Element, Osmotic Response Element ...
		sequence (-1335 to +177) of the rat aldose reductase gene (31).
		A, Sequential 5'-deletions of the rat aldose reductase gene were generated by exonuclease III digestion of the pARLuc-3.5k construct.
		Aldose reductase osmotic response elements is induced independent of p38 and stress-activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase in rabbit kidney cells.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/140/2/609 (4560 words)

	Aldose reductase activation is a key component of myocardial response to ischemia -- HWANG et al. 16 (2): 243 -- The ...
		Aldose reductase activation is a key component of myocardial response to ischemia -- HWANG et al.
		aldose reductase inhibition is by attenuating the flux of substrate
		of aldose reductase was assayed with an aldose D-xylose as substrate.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/16/2/243 (1711 words)

	Diabetes: Prevention of hemodynamic and vascular albumin ... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Discordant effects of aldose reductase inhibitors on blood flow and vascular albumin permeation in some tissues suggest that increased vascular albumin permeation is not entirely attributable to hemodynamic changes.
		The decrease in blood flow by all three aldose reductase inhibitors suggests that overall glomerular resistance is increased, and the marked decrease in GFR indicates that the balance between afferent and efferent arteriolar resistance is normalized.
		The finding that aldose reductase inhibitors prevented marked diabetes-induced increases in GFR without affecting kidney weight is consistent with the view that diabetes-induced hemodynamic changes are not entirely attributable to renal hypertrophy[105] even though they are often associated phenomena[106].
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:8228415&refid=holomed_1 (9372 words)

	Aldose Reductase Gene Expression Is Increased in Diabetic Nephropathy -- Shah et al. 82 (7): 2294 -- Journal of ...
		Aldose Reductase Gene Expression Is Increased in Diabetic Nephropathy -- Shah et al.
		Aldose Reductase Gene Expression Is Increased in Diabetic Nephropathy
		Aldose reductase gene expression is increased in insulin-dependent diabetes
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/82/7/2294 (3629 words)

	Effects of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors on Antioxidant Defense in Rat and Rabbit Liver -- Thomas et al. 53 (1): 145 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Effects of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors on Antioxidant Defense in Rat and Rabbit Liver -- Thomas et al.
		Aldose reductase, an enzyme whose physiological role is not
		Carlberg, I., and Mannervik, B. Purification and characterization of the flavoenzyme glutathione reductase from rat liver.
	toxsci.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/1/145 (2596 words)

	Human protein: P15121 - Aldose reductase (EC ) (AR) (Aldehyde reductase). EMBL Bioinformatic Harvester
		Sequence of pig lens aldose reductase and electrospray mass spectrometry of non-covalent and covalent complexes.
		Aldose reductase is involved in long-term adaptation of EUE cells to hyperosmotic stress.
		Refined 1.8-A structure of human aldose reductase complexed with the potent inhibitor zopolrestat.
	harvester.embl.de /harvester/P151/P15121.htm (1269 words)

	Carbohydrates
		The Tollens' test is commonly used to detect aldehyde functions; and because of the facile interconversion of ketoses and aldoses under the basic conditions of this test, ketoses such as fructose also react and are classified as reducing sugars.
		Although the ketoses are distinct isomers of the aldose monosaccharides, the chemistry of both classes is linked due to their facile interconversion in the presence of acid or base catalysts.
		Because of base-catalyzed isomerizations of this kind, the Tollens' reagent is not useful for distinguishing aldoses from ketoses or for specific oxidation of aldoses to the corresponding aldonic acids.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~reusch/VirtualText/carbhyd.htm (4748 words)

	Susceptibility to diabetic neuropathy in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a ...
		Polymorphisms of the aldose reductase locus (ALR2) and susceptibility to diabetic microvascular complications.
		A polymorphism in the 5'end of the aldose reductase gene is strongly associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy in type I diabetes.
		Aldose reductase in the BB rat; isolation, immunological identification and localisation in the retina and peripheral nerve.
	www.jnnp.com /cgi/content/full/64/2/213 (2786 words)

	Aldose Reductase Catalyzes the Oxidation of Naphthalene-1,2-Dihydrodiol for the Formation of Ortho-Naphthoquinone -- ...
		that aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) is the dihydrodiol dehydrogenase
		Aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) is a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of approximately 35 kDa that utilizes NADPH to
		Lee AYW and Chung SSM (1998) Involvement of aldose reductase in naphthalene cataract.
	dmd.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/27/1/60 (4082 words)

	Aldose reductase inhibition alone or combined with an adenosine A3 agonist reduces ischemic myocardial injury -- Tracey ...
		Aldose reductase inhibition alone or combined with an adenosine A3 agonist reduces ischemic myocardial injury -- Tracey et al.
		Aldose reductase is the first enzyme of the polyol pathway; metabolic flux through this pathway occurs under basal conditions,
		Aldose reductase inhibitors: therapeutic implications for diabetic complications.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/279/4/H1447 (3418 words)

	Urea and methylamines have similar effects on aldose reductase activity -- Burg and Peters 273 (6): 1048 -- AJP - Renal ...
		The major goal of the present study was to compare the effects of urea, betaine, and GPC on another enzyme, aldose reductase.
		Recombinant rat lens aldose reductase (14), prepared fresh each month, was a generous gift of Drs.
		Inhibition of aldose reductase by organic osmolytes and urea cannot be attributed solely to high osmolality.
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/273/6/F1048 (2998 words)

	Specifically Targeted Modification of Human Aldose Reductase by Physiological Disulfides -- Cappiello et al. 271 (52): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Aldose reductase is inactivated by physiological disulfides such as GSSG and cystine.
		Aldose reductase is subject to modifications leading to enzyme forms with an altered sensitivity to various inhibitors.
		Aldose reductase activity was determined at 37 °C as described previously (13) using 4.7 m
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/52/33539 (4633 words)

	Metabolic cataracts in newly diagnosed diabetes -- Datta et al. 76 (2): 118 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood
		Aldose reductase is predominantly present in the lens epithelium
		A randomised trial of sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor in diabetic retinopathy.
		The effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor on the progression of diabetic retinopathy.
	adc.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/76/2/118 (1699 words)

	Nitric Oxide Up-Regulates Aldose Reductase Expression in Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: A Potential Role for Aldose ...
		Jacquin-Becker C and Labourdette G (1997) Regulation of aldose reductase expression in rat astrocytes in culture.
		Wermuth B and Monder C (1983) Aldose and aldehyde reductase exhibit isocorticosteroid reductase activity.
		Yabe-Nishimura C (1998) Aldose reductase in glucose toxicity: A potential target for the prevention of diabetic complications.
	molpharm.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/57/4/709 (5295 words)

	Activation of Nulcear Factor-{kappa}B by Hyperglycemia in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Is Regulated by Aldose Reductase ...
		Growth-arrested VSMCs in normal glucose (NG) or HG or mannitol (M) were cultured in the absence or the presence of the aldose reductase inhibitors sorbinil or tolrestat (10 µmol/l each) for 24 h.
		The serum-starved VSMCs were transfected with two different double-stranded aldose reductase-specific siRNAs to a final concentration of 100 nmol each and cultured for 48 h at 37°C. The VSMCs that were incubated with the transfection reagent (TR) only or with nonspecific RNA (control siRNA) were used as control.
		Expression of aldose reductase was silenced by incubating the cells with aldose reductase siRNA1 for 48 h at 37°C. Equal amounts of nuclear extracts, prepared from the aldose reductase-ablated VSMCs in normal glucose (NG) or stimulated with HG or mannitol (M) for 3 h, were subjected to EMSA using NF-
	diabetes.diabetesjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/11/2910 (5657 words)

	Aldose Reductase Inhibition Ameliorates Pupillary Light Reflex and F-Wave Latency in Patients With Mild Diabetic ...
		Aldose Reductase Inhibition Ameliorates Pupillary Light Reflex and F-Wave Latency in Patients With Mild Diabetic Neuropathy -- Nakayama et al.
		Aldose Reductase Inhibition Ameliorates Pupillary Light Reflex and F-Wave Latency in Patients With Mild Diabetic Neuropathy
		Goto Y, Hotta N, Shigeta Y, Sakamoto N, Kikkawa R: Effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor, epalrestat, on diabetic neuropathy: clinical benefit and indication for the drug assessed from the results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study.
	care.diabetesjournals.org /cgi/content/full/24/6/1093 (3321 words)

	Aldose reductase activities in microdissected rat renal tubule segments -- Sands et al. 256 (4): 563 -- AJP - Renal ...
		Aldose reductase activities in microdissected rat renal tubule segments -- Sands et al.
		Aldose reductase activities in microdissected rat renal tubule segments
		aldose reductase activities were normalized by cell volume the activities
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/256/4/F563 (453 words)

	Chapter 10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Glyceraldehyde is the simplest naturally occuring aldose with one chiral center.
		Aldoses can react with oxidizing agents becoming an oxidized carbon (carboxylate) and hence reducing the other agent.
		Ketoses are not normally reducing sugars but in basic solutions will rearrange to aldoses and become reducing sugars.
	opbs.okstate.edu /~Blair/Bioch2344/Chapter10/Chapter10.htm (741 words)

	Isomerization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Isomerization is the conversion of an aldose to a ketose or a ketose to an aldose.
		In the ketose-aldose conversion, the alcohol hydrogen is transferred to the carbonyl group, thus transforming the original alcohol group to a carbonyl and the original carbonyl to an alcohol.
		The exact reverse is true for an aldose-ketose isomerization.
	biotech.icmb.utexas.edu /glycolysis/isomerization.html (54 words)

	All View Search for 'ALDRL2' Record found: 15
		Aldose reductase gene polymorphism is associated with progression of diabetic nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
		Z-4 allele upstream of the aldose reductase gene is associated with proliferative retinopathy in Japanese patients with NIDDM and elevated luciferase gene transcription in vitro.
		Polymorphism in the 5'-end of the aldose reductase gene is strongly associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy in type I diabetes.
	geneticassociationdb.nih.gov /cgi-bin/tableview.cgi?table=allview&cond=GENE='ALDRL2' (381 words)

	Factors affecting counteraction by methylamines of urea effects on aldose reductase -- Burg et al. 96 (11): 6517 -- ...
		Factors affecting counteraction by methylamines of urea effects on aldose reductase -- Burg et al.
		-xylose), and a mutation in recombinant aldose reductase
		by urea of the enzyme aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) (6).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/11/6517 (3267 words)

	ORE, a Eukaryotic Minimal Essential Osmotic Response Element. THE ALDOSE REDUCTASE GENE IN HYPEROSMOTIC STRESS -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Sorbitol, synthesized through aldose reductase, is a predominant osmolyte induced under hyperosmotic conditions in renal cells.
		Recently, we cloned the rabbit aldose reductase gene, characterized its structure, and found the first evidence of an osmotic response region in a eukaryotic gene.
		-flanking region of the aldose reductase gene was shown to confer osmotic response to a downstream luciferase gene with the AR promoter as well as with a heterologous, B19, promoter (14).
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/31/18318 (4620 words)

	Identification and Characterization of Multiple Osmotic Response Sequences in the Human Aldose Reductase Gene -- Ko et ...
		Induction of aldose reductase gene expression by hyperosmolality.
		Aldose reductase and the betaine, myo-inositol, and taurine transporters represent a class of protein that is induced by hyperosmotic
		The abbreviations used are: AR, aldose reductase; bp, base pair(s); kb, kilobase pair(s); ORE, osmotic response element.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/272/26/16431 (5290 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)